Ŵanthu mu Malaŵi

Nkhani iyi yikulongosora vya ŵanthu ŵa ku Malawi, kusazgapo unandi wa ŵanthu, mtundu, masambiro, umoyo wa ŵanthu, chuma, chisopa na vinyake.

Zina lakuti Malawi lili kufuma ku ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Maravi awo ŵakafuma kumwera kwa charu cha Congo vyaka 600 ivyo vyajumpha. Ŵakati ŵafika kumpoto kwa Nyanja ya Malawi, mbumba ya Maravi yikagaŵikana. Ŵa Chewa ŵa mazuŵa ghano, ŵakasamira kumwera kwa nyanja iyi. Ŵanyake awo ŵakaŵa ŵasekuru ŵa ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Nyanja ŵakasamira kumwera kwa charu ichi.

Kuzakafika mu 1500, mafuko ghaŵiri agha ghakaŵa kuti ghaŵa na ufumu uwo ukambira kumpoto kwa msumba wa Nkhotakota m'paka ku Mlonga wa Zambezi kumwera, kufuma ku Nyanja ya Malawi kumafumiro gha dazi m'paka ku Mlonga wa Luangwa ku Zambia kumanjiliro gha dazi.

Ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakafumanga mu vyaru vinyake na kuwelera ku vyaru vinyake. Mu vyaka vyasonosono apa, ŵanthu ŵakupambana mitundu. Ndipouli, pa caru cose pali mphindano. Nangauli pakaŵa mphindano, kweni pasono palije mphindano pakati pa mafuko, ndipo ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakuwona kuti Malawi ni charu chawo. Ŵanthu ŵa ku Malawi ŵakukhala ku mizi ndipo ŵakutemwa yayi nkhaza.

Ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Chewa ndiwo ŵali na ciŵelengero cikuru ca ŵanthu mu chigaŵa capakati; ŵanthu ŵa fuko la Nyanja ndiwo ŵali na ciŵelengero cikuru kumwera, ndipo ŵa fuko la Tumbuka ŵali kumpoto. Kweniso, ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵa mtundu wa Tonga ŵakukhala kumpoto; Ŵangonizi awo ŵakafuma ku Zulus awo ŵakafuma ku South Africa kukwambilira kwa vyaka vya m'ma 1800 ŵakukhala mu vigaŵa vya kumpoto na vyapakati; ndipo Ŵayao, awo ŵanandi mwa iwo Mbasilamu, ŵakukhala kumwera kwa charu ichi. Ŵanthu ŵa mafuko ghanyake awo ŵakakhalanga mu caru ici ŵakafumako ku Mozambique.

 Ŵanthu 
link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Malawi-demography.png|right|thumb|300x300px|Demographics of Malawi, Data of Our World in Data, year 2022 ; Number of inhabitants in millions.
link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Malawi_1950-2021_Forecast_2022-2032_UN_World_Population_Prospects_2022.svg|thumb|300x300px|Population, fertility rate and net reproduction rate, United Nations estimates
Kuyana na ivyo vikalembeka mu buku la World Population Prospects mu 2022, ŵanthu wose awo ŵakaŵa mu charu ichi ŵakaŵa 19,889,742 mu 2021, apo mu 1950 ŵakaŵa 2 881 000. Mu 2010, chiŵelengero cha ŵana ŵa vyaka 15 kukhilira pasi chikaŵa 45.8%, 51.1% ŵakaŵa na vyaka vyapakati pa 15 na 65, ndipo 3.1% ŵakaŵa na vyaka 65 panji kujumpha.Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat, World Population Prospects: The 2010 Revision 
Chiŵelengero cha ŵanthu (x 1000)Ŵanthu ŵa vyaka 0-14 (%)Ŵanthu ŵa vyaka vyapakati pa 15 na 64 (%)Ŵanthu awo ŵali na vyaka vyakujumpha 65 (%)19502 88145.751.23.119553 16645.751.52.819603 52545.951.62.619653 97545.352.32.419704 53146.351.42.319755 30246.950.62.519806 24047.150.32.619857 26847.550.02.519909 38145.951.42.719959 88344.752.23.1200011 22945.851.13.1200512 82346.150.93.1201014 90145.851.13.1
Chiŵelengero cha ŵanthu pa charu chose na viŵelengero vya ŵanthu pa charu chose (Census 09.03.2018).
ChakaŴanthuPercentTotal17,563,7491000-42,552,40614.530522,8022.981509,3512.902490,8112.793511,3652.914518,0772.955-92,632,87814.995529,1113.016546,7083.117526,3473.008532,8463.039497,8662.8310-142,533,30314.4210539,2643.0711489,8872.7912517,8322.9513492,1222.8014494,1982.8115-192,035,94511.5915452,0172.5716339,2481.9317384,6822.1918497,8312.8319362,1672.0620-241,651,5769.4020357,6672.0421323,5111.8422304,5191.7323330,2221.8824335,6571.9125-291,229,4117.0025291,1981.6626274,7391.5627213,3371.2128238,6301.3629211,5071.2030-341,107,2266.3030243,9691.3931209,1551.1932226,3601.2933218,6201.2434209,1221.1935-39968,9985.5235221,0781.2636207,4991.1837165,5640.9438210,2521.2039164,6050.9440-44729,6004.1540168,6370.9641137,9670.7942147,4380.8443151,3630.8644124,1950.7145-49535,8683.0545129,1720.7446121,9960.694789,5760.5148112,1160.644983,0080.4750-54387,8122.215099,6320.575157,3090.335263,6900.365372,6710.415494,5100.5455-59306,9211.755569,2740.395663,9140.365750,5340.295875,0910.435948,1080.2760-64234,9181.346069,0060.396138,7530.226244,2640.256340,1190.236442,7760.2465-69240,5511.376547,8610.276650,0780.296735,4560.206859,6590.346947,4970.2770-74144,7880.827039,3800.227127,6180.167226,6220.157331,6560.187419,5120.1175-79124,7180.717525,6350.157628,4920.167719,0960.117835,1740.207916,3210.0980-8463,6750.368016,8460.10819,9870.068212,9080.078314,2080.08849,7260.0685-8954,7540.318512,0540.078614,6280.08878,3310.058815,3270.09894,4140.0390-9415,1300.09905,0410.03912,4660.01922,7460.02932,8970.02941,9800.0195+13,2710.08
Age groupPopulationPercent0-147,718,58743.9515-649,188,27552.3165+656,8873.74

 Kafukufuku wa UN 
Manambara agha ghalipo masauzandi ghanandi. Vinthu vyakupambanapambana vya UN. 

 2015 17,522
 2020 20,677
 2025 24,212
 2030 28,173
 2035 32,667
 2040 37,797
 2045 43,521
 2050 49,719

 Vinthu vyakuzirwa 
Ku Malaŵi, vinthu vikuruvikuru vikulembeka viŵi yayi. Webusayiti ya Our World in Data yili na maukaboni agho ghakulongora umo vinthu viliri pa charu chose.
Mid-year population (thousands)Live births (thousands)Deaths (thousands)Natural change (thousands)Crude birth rate (per 1000)Crude death rate (per 1000)Natural change (per 1000)Total fertility rate (TFR)Infant mortality (per 1000 live births)Life expectancy (in years)19502 950 000  145 000  96 000  49 00049.232.516.76.80206.132.751951  3 001 000  149 000  96 000  53 00049.631.817.86.81205.832.811952  3 056 000  153 000  96 000  57 00050.131.418.66.83204.932.911953  3 115 000  157 000  97 000  60 00050.531.219.46.85203.933.101954  3 176 000  160 000  98 000  62 00050.430.819.56.79202.933.401955  3 240 000  165 000  99 000  66 00050.930.520.56.83201.833.791956  3 309 000  170 000  100 000  70 00051.430.221.36.87200.534.221957  3 381 000  176 000  101 000  74 00052.030.022.06.91199.334.521958  3 457 000  181 000  103 000  78 00052.429.922.66.95197.934.801959  3 537 000  187 000  105 000  82 00053.029.823.27.00196.535.021960  3 621 000  193 000  108 000  85 00053.329.723.57.03195.235.201961  3 708 000  199 000  110 000  89 00053.729.724.07.07193.835.331962  3 799 000  205 000  112 000  93 00054.029.524.57.10192.635.651963  3 894 000  212 000  116 000  96 00054.329.724.67.13191.835.621964  3 990 000  216 000  118 000  98 00054.129.624.47.10191.135.691965  4 089 000  221 000  121 000  100 00054.129.624.47.11190.735.721966  4 191 000  227 000  124 000  103 00054.229.524.77.16190.135.871967  4 296 000  233 000  127 000  107 00054.329.524.87.22189.435.901968  4 403 000  239 000  129 000  110 00054.329.425.07.28188.636.041969  4 513 000  244 000  131 000  113 00054.129.125.07.29187.736.321970  4 625 000  249 000  133 000  117 00053.928.725.27.32186.236.731971  4 742 000  254 000  133 000  121 00053.628.125.57.33183.837.241972  4 866 000  260 000  134 000  127 00053.527.426.07.35180.637.901973  4 996 000  266 000  134 000  132 00053.226.826.57.36176.838.541974  5 134 000  272 000  134 000  138 00053.026.026.97.37172.939.271975  5 281 000  279 000  133 000  146 00052.925.227.77.40168.640.221976  5 438 000  287 000  132 000  155 00052.824.328.57.43164.341.231977  5 612 000  296 000  131 000  164 00052.723.429.37.46159.742.231978  5 809 000  305 000  131 000  174 00052.622.630.17.48154.943.291979  6 029 000315 000  132 000  184 00052.521.930.67.51149.844.271980  6 267 000  329 000  134 000  195 00052.621.431.27.57145.745.091981  6 520 000  339 000  137 000  203 00052.321.031.37.54142.145.701982  6 784 000  351 000  141 000  210 00051.920.931.17.51140.145.991983  7 058 000  361 000  147 000  214 00051.320.930.47.44140.046.041984  7 339 000  370 000  155 000  215 00050.721.229.47.36141.645.581985  7 625 000  382 000  164 000  218 00050.321.728.77.29143.744.951986  7 910 000  393 000  174 000  220 00049.922.027.97.22145.244.341987  8 296 000  404 000  182 000  222 00049.522.327.27.15145.543.811988  8 755 000  423 000  198 000  225 00048.922.926.07.02144.643.381989  9 175 000  439 000  204 000  234 00048.322.525.86.91142.643.341990  9 540 000  454 000  210 000  244 00047.822.125.76.81139.943.321991  9 832 000  467 000  213 000  253 00047.521.725.86.72136.543.311992  10 115 000  477 000  215 000  262 00047.221.325.96.65132.443.411993  10 257 000  488 000  219 000  269 00046.921.025.96.59128.943.391994  10 132 000  484 000  214 000  270 00046.620.626.06.51125.443.561995  10 113 000  470 000  206 000  264 00046.320.326.06.42122.443.641996  10 311 000  476 000  212 000  264 00046.020.525.56.31120.043.441997  10 513 000  486 000  218 000  268 00046.120.725.46.26117.643.131998  10 732 000  497 000  224 000  273 00046.220.825.46.24114.642.851999  10 974 000  506 000  222 000  284 00046.020.225.86.15110.743.572000  11 229 000  510 000  220 000  290 00045.419.625.86.04105.244.522001  11 499 000  520 000  214 000  306 00045.218.626.65.9998.145.902002  11 784 000  532 000  208 000  324 00045.117.727.45.9690.947.222003  12 088 000  546 000  201 000  345 00045.116.628.55.9483.148.792004  12 411 000  559 000  193 000  366 00045.015.529.45.9376.750.452005  12 756 000  573 000  187 000  387 00044.914.630.35.9171.752.042006  13 118 000  583 000  183 000  400 00044.414.030.45.8468.253.242007  13 495 000  589 000  182 000  407 00043.613.530.15.7465.853.952008  13 889 000  593 000  180 000  413 00042.713.029.75.6162.854.602009  14 299 000  598 000  174 000  424 00041.812.229.65.4559.955.452010  14 718 000  601 000  168 000  433 00040.811.429.45.2756.956.382011  15 146 000  604 000  161 000  444 00039.910.629.35.1153.157.462012  15 581 000  605 000  153 000  452 00038.89.829.04.9249.058.682013  16 025 000  607 000  146 000  461 00037.99.128.84.7844.659.732014  16 478 000  606 000  138 000  468 00036.88.428.44.6141.060.902015  16 939 000  606 000  136 000  470 00035.88.027.84.4538.561.382016  17 406 000  606 000  131 000  475 00034.87.527.34.3135.962.212017  17 881 000  614 000  128 000  486 00034.37.127.24.2233.762.982018  18 368 000  623 000  128 000  496 00033.97.027.04.1431.763.282019  18 867 000  634 000  125 000  509 00033.66.627.04.0730.164.122020  19 377 000  644 000  130 000  514 00033.26.726.54.0028.763.722021  19 890 000  654 000  139 000  515 00032.97.025.93.9227.562.90

 Kubaba na kubabika 
Chiŵelengero cha ŵana awo ŵakubaba (TFR) (Chiŵelengero cha ŵana awo ŵakukhumba) na chiŵelengero cha ŵana awo ŵakubabika (CBR):
YearCBR (Total)TFR (Total)CBR (Urban)TFR (Urban)CBR (Rural)TFR (Rural)1984527.58199242.96.73 (5.74)40.55.51 (4.38)43.26.88 (5.92)200045.56.3 (5.2)40.84.5 (3.5)46.26.7 (5.5)200442.46.0 (4.9)37.04.2 (3.3)43.46.4 (5.2)201039.25.7 (4.5)36.04.0 (3.3)39.86.1 (4.8)2015-1632.24.4 (3.4)29.53.0 (2.5)32.64.7 (3.6)201732.14.227.42.833.04.5
Fertility data as of 2016 (DHS Program):
RegionTotal fertility ratePercentage of women age 15-49 currently pregnantMean number of children ever born to women age 40-49Northern4.28.15.7Central4.47.86.2Southern4.67.35.7Total4.47.65.9

 Vinthu vinyake vyakukhwaskana na ŵanthu 
Chiwerengero cha anthu malinga ndi World Population Review mu 2019.

 One birth every 48 seconds
 One death every 4 minutes
 One net migrant every 65 minutes
 Net gain of one person every 59 seconds

Chiwerengero cha anthu otsatirawa chikuchokera ku CIA World Factbook pokhapokha ngati tawonetsa zina.

 Population 

 20,794,353 (2022 est.)
 19,842,560 (July 2018 est.)
 19,196,246 (July 2017 est.)

 Visopa 
Ŵaprotesitanti 33.5% (ŵakuphatikizapo Tchalitchi la Central Africa Presbyterian 14.2%, Seventh Day Adventist/Baptist 9.4%, Pentecostal 7.6%, Anglican 2.3%), Roman Catholic 17.2%, Christian 26.6%, Muslim 13.8%, traditionalist 1.1%, other 5.6%, none 2.1% (2018 est.)

 Age structure 
link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Malawi_single_age_population_pyramid_2020.png|thumb|350x350px|Population pyramid of Malawi in 2020

 0-14 years: 45.87% (male 4,843,107/female 4,878,983)
 15-24 years: 20.51% (male 2,151,417/female 2,195,939)
 25-54 years: 27.96% (male 2,944,936/female 2,982,195)
 55-64 years: 2.98% (male 303,803/female 328,092)
 65 years and over: 2.68% (2020 est.) (male 249,219/female 318,938)

 0-14 years: 46.17% (male 4,560,940 /female 4,600,184)
 15-24 years: 20.58% (male 2,023,182 /female 2,059,765)
 25-54 years: 27.57% (male 2,717,613 /female 2,752,983)
 55-64 years: 3% (male 284,187 /female 310,393)
 65 years and over: 2.69% (male 234,776 /female 298,537) (2018 est.)

 Birth rate 

 27.94 births/1,000 population (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 38th
 40.7 births/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 8th
 41 births/1,000 population (2017 est.)

 Death rate 

 4.58 deaths/1,000 population (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 206th
 7.7 deaths/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 100th
 7.9 deaths/1,000 population (2017 est.)

 Total fertility rate 

 3.4 children born/woman (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 41st
 4 children born/woman (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 9th

 Population growth rate 

 2.34% (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 31st
 3.31% (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 3rd
 3.31% (2017 est.)

 Median age 

 total: 16.8 years. Country comparison to the world: 221st
 male: 16.7 years
 female: 16.9 years (2020 est.)

 total: 16.6 years. Country comparison to the world: 223rd
 male: 16.5 years
 female: 16.8 years (2018 est.)

 Mother's mean age at first birth 

 18.9 years (2015/16 est.)
 note: median age at first birth among women 25-29

 Contraceptive prevalence rate 

 59.2% (2015/16)

 Net migration rate 

 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 91st
 0 migrants/1,000 population (2017). There is an increasing flow of Zimbabweans into South Africa and Botswana in search of better economic opportunities.

 Dependency ratios 

 total dependency ratio: 91 (2015 est.)
 youth dependency ratio: 85.3 (2015 est.)
 elderly dependency ratio: 5.7 (2015 est.)
 potential support ratio: 17.4 (2015 est.)

 Urbanization 

 urban population: 18% of total population (2022)
 rate of urbanization: 4.41% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

 urban population: 16.9% of total population (2018)
 rate of urbanization: 4.19% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.)

 Life expectancy at birth 

 total population: 72.44 years. Country comparison to the world: 154th

male: 69.33 years female: 75.59 years (2022 est.)

 total population: 62.2 years (2018 est.)
 male: 60.2 years (2018 est.)
 female: 64.3 years (2018 est.)

 total population: 61.7 years
 male: 59.7 years
 female: 63.8 years (2017 est.)

 Sex ratio 

 at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
 under 15 years: 1 male(s)/female
 15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female
 65 years and over: 0.69 male(s)/female
 total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2000 est.)

 Ratio of medical doctors to general population 
1 Doctor/65,000 Malawians 

 Major infectious diseases 

 degree of risk: very high (2020)
 food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever
 vectorborne diseases: malaria and dengue fever
 water contact diseases: schistosomiasis
 animal contact diseases: rabies

Manyani: opa 21 March 2022, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) yikapeleka chenjezgo la ulendo wa poliyo mu Africa; Malawi sono yikuwoneka kuti yikupweteka chomene awo ŵakwenda chifukwa cha matenda gha poliyo agho ghali kufuma ku katemera (cVDPV); poliyo uyo wali kufuma ku katemera (VDPV) ni nthenda ya poliyo iyo yikaŵa mu katemera wa poliyo ndipo yikasintha mu nyengo ndipo yikuchita nga ni virasi ya mu thengere panji iyo yikuchitika mu naturel; ichi chikung'anamura kuti yingathandazgika mwaluŵiro ku ŵanthu awo ŵalije katemera wa poliyo ndipo ŵakukumana na vyoto panji vyoto vya mu mphepo, nga ni para munthu wakunyunyamura, wa munthu uyo wali na nthenda iyi (cVDPV); CDC yikusachizga kuti munthu waliyose uyo walije katemera wa poliyo, uyo walije katemera, uyo walije katemera, panji uyo wali na katemera wakukwana yayi, panji uyo walije katemera wa poliyo wakwenera kupokera katemera yumoza pambere wandalute ku charu chinyake; CDC yikusachizga kuti munthu waliyose uyo wali na katemera

 Nationality 

 noun: Malawian(s)
 adjective: Malawian

 Ethnic groups 

 Chewa 34.3%
 Lomwe 18.8%
 Yao 13.2%
 Ngoni 10.4%
 Tumbuka 9.2%
 Sena 3.8%
 Mang'anja 3.2%
 Tonga 1.8%
 Nyanja 1.8%
 Nyakyusa 1%
 Europeans 0.04%
 Other 2.5%

 Languages 

 English (official)
 Chichewa (official) - 6,500,000
 Chiyao - 1,760,000
 Chitumbuka - 1,180,000
 Chilomwe - 2,290,000
 Chingoni - 37,500
 Chimakhuwa - 200,000
 Chisena - 468,000
 Chitonga - 271,000
 Chinyika - 5,000
 Chinyiha - 10,000
 Chindali - 70,000
 Chinyakyusa - 149,000
 Chilambya - 59,500
 Afrikaans - 26,000

 Education expenditures 

 2.9% of GDP (2020)
 country comparison to the world: 159

 Literacy 

definition: age 15 and over can read and write

 total population: 62.1%
 male: 69.8%
 female: 55.2% (2015 est.)

 School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) 

 total: 11 years (2011)
 male: 11 years (2011)
 female: 11 years (2011)

 Unemployment, youth ages 15-24 

 total: 8.5%
 male: 6.7%
 female: 10.6% (2017 est.)

 White Malawians 
Ŵazungu ŵakukwana 7,400 ndiwo ŵali mu cigaŵa ici. Ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵa mu Malaŵi mba ku England na Scotland, kweni ŵalipo ŵachoko waka awo ŵali kufuma ku Netherlands, France, Italy, Greece, Spain, Portugal, Middle East, Belgium, Scandinavia, panji Germany. Ŵazungu ŵa ku Malawi ŵakukhala ku Lilongwe, Dedza, Dowa, Blantyre, Kasungu, Mchinji, Nkhotakota, Ntcheu, Ntchisi, Salima, Chitipa, Karonga, Likoma, Mzimba, Nkhata Bay, Rumphi, Balaka, Chikwawa, Chiradzulu, Machinga, Mangochi, Mulanje, Mwanza, Nsanje, Thyolo, Phalombe, Zomba, na Mzuzu.

 Wonaniso 

 Malawi
 Malawian American

 Ukaboni