Sitima ya MV Viphya

MV Vipya (MVP Viphya) yikaŵa sitima iyo yikendanga pa Nyanja ya Malawi ku Southern Africa kufuma mu 1944 mpaka 1946. Chiŵiya ichi chikaŵa na matani 470, utali wake ukaŵa mamita 43, usani wake mamita 8, ndipo ŵanthu ŵaŵiri ŵakaŵa mu boti ili. Para yili na injini, yikendanga mwaluŵiro chomene. Cikaŵa cakukwana ŵanthu 315 na matani 100 gha katundu. Pa Julayi 30, 1946, sitima iyi yikanyamuka na ŵanthu 194. Cakaŵa pafupi na Chilumba mu Karonga, ndipo cikaphyoka na kubira. Ŵanthu ŵakukwana 145 awo ŵakaŵa mu boti ili ŵakakomeka. Palije viwangwa ivyo vikusangika. Cingalaŵa ici cikaŵa ciheni comene kuluska vyose ivyo vikacitika mu Malaŵi (uko panyengo iyo kukaŵa Nyasaland).

 Mbili 
Kuti ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵendenge pa Nyanja ya Malawi, kampani ya Nyasaland Railroad Company yikapempha kuti yizenge sitima ya MV Viphya mu 1942. Sitima iyi yikazengeka ku Scotland na A & J Inglis Ltd, Glasgow, kampani yakuzenga sitima ya ku Ireland Harland and Wolff. Bwato ili likatolekera ku Beira, Mozambique, mu 1943 kufuma ku Scotland mu 3018 na mabokosi 82. Kufuma apo, likatolekera ku Malawi kuti likanozgekeso. Ŵenecho ŵa nyumba iyi ŵakanozga kuti paŵe chiphapha chinyake. Ici cikapangiska kuti ngaraŵa iyi yiŵe yikuru comene pa ngaraŵa zose izo zikazengeka pa Nyanja ya Malawi.“Ship Sent by Train”, The Palestine Post, 18 January 1945 Cingalaŵa ici cikacemeka Vipya cifukwa ca mapiri agho ghali kumpoto kwa caru ici. Mulongozgi wa Vipya wakaŵa Keith Farguhanson, ndipo munyake uyo wakaŵa mulara wa ŵasilikari wakaŵa Flint. Underwood. Gulu ili likaŵa ku Fort Johnson (Mangochi)Hawkin, Tony. "The Artist Helen MacLaren, The Society of Malawi Journal, Vol. 59, No. 2 (2006), pp. 35-39 Published by: Society of Malawi - Historical and Scientific Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/29779213

Cikaŵa cakwamba kukwera sitima ya ŵanthu pa Juni 14, 1944, ndipo chikaŵa na matani ghakujumpha 100. Nkhondo Yachiŵiri ya pa Charu Chose yikati yamara, sitima iyi yikanjiraso yayi mu nyanja. Cingalaŵa ici cikafumanga ku Monkey Bay kuluta ku Mwaya kumpoto. Ngalaŵa iyi yikalutaso maulendo ghatatu pambere yindabisike pa ulendo wake wachinayi. Cifukwa ca ndyali za boma la ku Britain, ŵanthu ŵakakhalanga mu nyumba za ŵanthu ŵa mitundu yakupambanapambana.

 Kubira kwa Vipya 
Pa Julayi 30, 1946, sitima ya MV Viphya yikanyamuka pa ulendo wake wachinayi kufuma ku Mbamba Bay kulazga kumpoto kwa Karonga. Apo ngaraŵa yikaŵa mu chimphepo, mulongozgi wa ngaraŵa, Farguhanson, wakalangura awo ŵakendeskanga ngaraŵa kuti ŵalutilire kuluta uko ŵakalutanga nangauli wakaŵachenjezga kuti nyengo yiŵenge yiheni. Ici cikapangiska kuti majigha ghankhongono ghatimbane na ngaraŵa iyi ndipo yikabwangasuka na kubira pa mtunda wa makilomita 13 kufupi na Florence Bay (Chitimba). Ŵanthu ŵakukwana 145 awo ŵakaŵa mu ndege iyi ŵakakomeka. Ŵanandi awo ŵakaŵa mu ndege iyi ŵakakomeka na maji. Pa ŵanthu aŵa pakaŵa ŵanthu wose ŵa ku Europe awo ŵakaŵa mu kilasi lakwamba, kweniso ŵana ŵanalume ŵanayi ŵa ku sukulu ya Luwazi Mission School. Pakaŵavya mathupi. Ŵanthu pafupifupi 49 ŵakapona. Pa ŵanthu aŵa pakaŵa ŵanthu 33 ŵa ku Africa, ŵana ŵa sukulu ŵaŵiri ŵa ku Luwazi, kweniso ŵanthu ŵanayi awo ŵakakwera kufuma pa windo la chipinda cha injini. Awo ŵakapona ŵakafika ku Livingstonia. Viŵiya ivi vicali pasi pa Nyanja ya Malawi ndipo malo ghake ghakumanyikwa yayi.

 Ŵanthu 
Ŵanthu awo ŵakafwa pa ngozi iyi ni Kaputeni Keith Ferguhanson, Mr. na Mrs. Timcke, fumu R. Mwaunenesko, a Healy.Nyasaland Times, Loss of MV Vipya, August 1, 1946 Ŵanyake awo ŵakafwa ŵakaŵa ŵana ŵa sukulu ya Blantyre Secondary School na Luwanzi Mission School.

 Nkhani za awo ŵakapona 
Nkhani zinandi zakukhwaskana na cingalaŵa ico cikaparanyika zikuyowoya za cingalaŵa ici. Nkhani ya ulendo uwu yikayowoyeka mu nkhani yinyake ya pa BBC iyo yikaŵa na nkhani ya Norton Thindwa, uyo pa nyengo iyo wakaŵa mwana wa sukulu ya Blantyre Secondary School. Mulara waciŵiri wa ngaraŵa, R.C. Underwood, wakaŵapo yayi pa ngaraŵa zuŵa lira..

 Nkhani ya Rowland Ngosi 
Nkhani ya wantchito wa boma Rowland Samuel Ngosi yikalongosoreka mu Malaŵi nga ni ciyelezgero ca nkharo yiwemi ya mu uteŵeti wa boma. Mwachiyelezgero, wapampando wa chalo uyu Saulos Chilima, wakalongosora pa Institute of Chartered Accountant ku Malawi pa 16 September 2021. Ngosi, uyo wakaŵa mulembi wa ndalama wa boma, wakaŵa pa sitima iyo yikaŵa na ndalama izo zikapelekekanga ku ŵateŵeti ŵa boma ŵa vigaŵa vitatu. Ngalaŵa yikati yabira, Ngosi wakaswera m'paka ku Florence Bay na thumba la ndalama, ndipo wakawoneseska kuti muteŵeti waliyose wa boma mu Rumphi, Karonga, na Chitipa wapokera malipiro ghake.

 Ŵana ŵa sukulu ya Luwazi Mission School 
Patrick Ziba, muliska uyo wali kupumura pa nchito, wakalongosora nkhani ya ŵana ŵa sukulu ŵa ku Sukulu ya Uteŵeti wa Umishonale ya ku Luwazi. Ziba wakagwiranga nchito ya kusambizga pa sukulu ya ŵamishonale ndipo wakakumbuka umo ŵana ŵa sukulu ŵanayi ŵa sukulu ya ŵa Seventh-day Adventist ŵakafwira pa Viphya. Pambere ŵandanyamuke ulendo uwu, mu Julayi 1946, ŵana ŵa sukulu 14 ŵakakoleka uku ŵakwiba phere mu chiŵaya cha sukulu. Ŵakapika chilango chakuti ŵajimbe chimbuzi panji ŵasezgeke mu charu. Ŵasambiri wose 14 ŵakasankha kuwelera ku vikaya vyawo nangauli Ziba na ŵanji ŵakaŵaphalira kuti ŵapulikire cilango. Ŵasambiri 6 ŵakagura matikiti na kukwera ngalaŵa, ndipo ŵanyake 8 ŵakagwiranga ntchito zinyake kuti ŵasange ndalama zakugulira matikiti. Ŵana ŵanayi pa ŵana ŵamasukulu ŵankhondi na yumoza ŵakafwa apo ŵaŵiri ŵakapona.

 Kufufuza na kuzenga mulandu 
Mulara wa ŵasilikari, Hawke, wakachita kafukufuku pa ngozi iyi, ndipo wakasanga vifukwa viŵiri ivyo sitima yikabira. Cifukwa cakwamba cikaŵa cakuti Kaputeni Farguhanson wakaleka kupulikira ulongozgi wa ŵanthu ŵake. Ŵalendo ŵanyake ŵakawonaso kuti nyengo yikaŵa yiheni. Mulongozgi wa ŵasilikari na awo ŵakendeskanga ndege ŵakamba kususkana cifukwa ca suzgo la nyengo, kweni mulongozgi wa ŵasilikari wakalangura kuti ŵalutilire ulendo wawo. AKuyana na upharazgi uwu, wakalanguraso kuti chipata chikuru cha katundu chijurike mwakutendekera kweniso wakacita vinthu vinyake viheni. Mubali Bemba Mpali, uyo wakalemba nkhani iyi mu nkhani ya pa BBC, wakayowoya kuti uyo wakendeskanga ngaraŵa uyu wakwenera kuti wakamwanga moŵa..

Cinthu caciŵiri ico cikapangiska ngozi iyi nchakuti ngaraŵa yikaŵa yambura kupangika makora. Khoti likafumba maofesala, majenerali, na ŵalaŵiliri ŵa sitima. Mu ceruzgo ico Mulara Hawke wakaŵazga, wakalongosora umo ngaraŵa iyi yikapangikira na umo yikapangikira. Iwo ŵakatenge awo ŵakazenganga ngalaŵa ŵakakanizganga maji kunjira mu vipata. Ŵanthu ŵanyake awo ŵakaŵa mu boti ili na awo ŵakendangamo nawo ŵakakayikanga usange likwenda makora. Ŵanyake ŵakatenge khuni ili ndakunono chomene, apo ŵanyake ŵakatenge ndakwenelera yayi.

 Kuzenga mulandu na kususka 
Mbumba ya mulara wa sitima iyi na kampani ya Nyasaland Railway Company ŵakadandawura ku khoti. Cifukwa ca vifukwa vyambura kumanyikwa, nkhani ya ŵanthu ŵa ku Africa awo ŵakapona yikasintha mwaluŵiro, ndipo khoti likakanizga kafukufuku. Mwantheura, Mulara Furghanson, ŵakamuwuskapo mulandu wa kuleka kulaŵilira makora ngalaŵa ku khoti la ku East Africa. Pasono palije uyo wakumanya cifukwa ico ngaraŵa yiphya iyi yikabira. Kufuma waka pa nyengo iyi, ŵanthu ŵamba kuyowoyapo vinandi vyakukhwaskana na ivyo vikayambiska ngozi iyi.

 Vikumbusko vya Vipya 

 Chizindikiro ku Mangochi mumphepete mwa Mlonga wa Shire, icho chikuyang'aniridwa na Dipatimenti ya Vinthu Vyakale ku Malawi ku Mangochi (kale Fort Johnston) chikukumbukira chochitika ichi.Nyumba ya Mfumukazi Victoria Clock Tower ku Mangochi, yikaŵa cikumbusko ca ŵanthu 145 awo ŵakafwa.
 Cinthu cakuzirwa comene ico cikasangika pa ngaraŵa iyi cili kusungika mu Nyumba Yakusungiramo Vinthu vya Kale ya ku Karonga.

 Ivyo ŵanthu ŵakuyowoya 
Nkhani zinandi zakukhwaskana na cingalaŵa ico cikaparanyika zikuyowoya za cingalaŵa ici.

 "The Vipya Poem" (poem) - Poem yitali ya Steve Chimombo yakulongosora vya MV Vipya iyo yikapangika, kukwezgeka, na kwenda m'paka yikabira ku Florence Bay (Chitimba).Lee, Christopher, Malawian Literature after Banda and in the Age of AIDS: A Conversation with Steve Chimombo
 1996: "The Vipya Disaster" BBC African Perspective (radio documentary) - Mafunso ndi opulumuka ndi akatswiri pa MV Vipya, kuphatikizapo Norton Thindwa, Steve Chimombo, September 13, 1996
 2000: Wrath of Napolo (novel) - Buku la Steve Chimombo lakulongosora vya sitima iyo yikubira pa nyanja iyi..

 Ukaboni