Vutomi

Vutomi ixihlawurisi exikarhi ka swivumbiwa leswi hanyaka na leswi feke. kuna mihlovo yo hambana-hambana ya vutomi, yin'wana yakona i swimilana, swiharhi na tibhaktheriya. Ntivo-vutomi (Biology) isayensi ya swivumbiwa leswi hanyaka.

Kutafikela na namunthla, van'wa sayensi na van'wa tifilosofi va swikuma switika ku nyikela nhlamuselo ya riviti "vutomi". Swivumbiwa swikota kudya no gayela swakudya, swikota ku twa, swikota ku tswala, naswona swikota ku hluvuka swithlela swikota ko tolovela mbangu lowu switshamaka eka wona kuya hi kulandzelelana ka switukulwana. Kuna mixaka-xaka ya swivumbiwa laha emisaveni, naswona hinkwaswo swi yelana hi kuva na nkuma wa khaboni na mati ya miri.

Van'wa sayensi va ehleketa leswaku vutomi byingava byi sungurile kusuka eka swivumbiwa leswinga hanyiki. Vutomi byo sungula bya laha misaveni byi ngava byi sungule kwalomu ka 3.5 biliyoni wa malembe, loko misava yisungule ku vumba maribye kumbe sava leri omeke. Mihleketo yin'wana iya leswaku vutomi byingava byi sungule hikwalaho ka hlangana ka swiaki swavutomi kwalomu ka 4.1-4.4 biliyoni wa malembe lamahundzeke. 

Ndlela leyi vutomi byingavaka byi tumbulixiwe hayona ayitiveki, hambi leswi kunga tala mavonele hi mhaka leyi. Kusukela loko vutomi byi tumbulukile, vutomi byi cinca-cincile kuya  hi mihlovo yo hambana-hambana. Hmabi leswi vutomi byi kumekaka himixaka yotala, kuringanyetiwa leswaka 99 wa tiphesenti ta swivumbiwa leswi hanyaka eka 5 biliyoni, wa swivumbiwa leswi tshameke swi hanya laha misaveni, aswahari kona. kuringanyetiwa leswaku kana kwalomu ka 10 kuya  14 wa timiliyoni taswivumbiwa leswi hanyaka. Hambileswi vutomi byi vonakaka laha misaveni ntsena, vanhu votala va ehleketa leswaku kuna mihlovo ya swivumbiwa leswi hanyaka ehandle ka misa.

 Hlaya leswi engetelekeke 
 Kauffman, Stuart. The Adjacent Possible: A Talk with Stuart Kauffman
 Seeding the Universe With Life  Legacy Books, Washington D. C., 2000, ISBN 0-476-00330-X
 Walker, Martin G. LIFE! Why We Exist ... And What We Must Do to Survive  Dog Ear Publishing, 2006, ISBN 1-59858-243-7

 Mikobiso yale handle 
 Wikispecies – a free directory of life
 Resources for life in the Solar System and in galaxy, and the potential scope of life in the cosmological future
 "The Adjacent Possible: A Talk with Stuart Kauffman"
 Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy entry
 The Kingdoms of Life 

 Mintshaho 

Category: Ntivo-Vutomi
Category:Vutomi