Swakudya swa Afrika

Swakudya swa Afrika i swakudya swa ndzhavuko wa tikonkulu naswona matimu ya rona ya hlanganisiwile na xitori xa vanhu va ndzhavuko wa Afrika . Swakudya leswi vanhu va kwalaho va Afrika va swi dyaka swi kuceteriwe hi vukhongeri bya vona swin’we ni maxelo ni ndlela leyi va hanyaka ha yona .

Vanhu vo sungula va Afrika ku tshama etikweni-nkulu leri a ku ri vahloti-vahlengeleti lava a va dya leswi va swi kumeke ekhwatini . Loko vurimi byi ri karhi byi duma swinene eAfrika, swakudya leswi sekeriweke eka vurimi swi tano. 

Hi ndzhavuko, swakudya swohambana hambana swa Afrika switirhisa nkatsakanyo wa switirhisiwa leswi endliweke hi swimilani na mbewu   handle ka swakudya leswi humaka ematikweni mambe. Eka tindzhawu tin’wana ta tikonkulu, swakudya swa ndzhavuko swikatsa switirhisiwa swotala swa timintsu.  

Central Africa, East Africa, North Africa, South Africa na West Africa yin’wana na yin’wana yina swakudya swo hlawuleka, tindlela to lulamisela na maendlelo yo dyiwa.

 Matimu 

Masungulo ya swakudya swa ndzhavuko swa Afrika swisungule eka magidi ya malembe kuya eka Bronze Age e Northeast Africa, laha nhluvuko wosungula wusunguleke ku byala mavele yofana na barley na koroni. 

Xiphemu xa Afrika N’walungu xi le ndzeni ka Fertile Crescent, laha Vaegipta va khale a va endla vurimi lebyi tshamisekeke endhawini yoleyo. Swifuwo swofana na timbhongolo na tinyimpfu na swona aswi fuyiwa, swisungule ku hangalaka ka vurimi kuya eka tindzhawu tin’wana ta Afrika, ngopfu ngopfu Afrika Vupela dyambu, hambi leswi tinxaka totala ati hanya tani hi vahloti-vahlengeleti Simple collection. 

Vahloti vambirhi va Maarabu, Leo Africanus na Ibn Battuta, va hlamusele mikhuva yo dya ya Maafrika lawa va hlanganeke na wona loko va famba hi le dzongeni wa Sahara Afrika. Vunyingi bya vafambi lava humaka eYuropa va tshame ekusuhi ni tindhawu leti nga eribuweni ku fikela eku heleni ka lembe-xidzana leri 19. Tidayari ta vona to tala ti tlhele ti tsala vuxokoxoko malunghana ni swakudya ni swibyariwa. Swilo swo tala leswikulu swi sungule ku tirhisiwa endzhaku loko Afrika ri ri tikoloni hi vanhu va le Yuropa.

Swakudya leswi sweswi swinga xiphemu xa nkoka eka swakudya swa Afrika swofana na mavele na matamatisi aswinga tsakeriwi kufikela eka malembe xidzana lawa yanga hundza19 . 

Nkucetelo wa swakudya swa le Afrika eka swakudya swa le Kharibiya, swa le Brazil, swa le Amerika swa le Hansi ni swa le Cajun leswi humaka eLouisiana wu voniwa eka swakudya swa rhayisi ya rihlaza ni swin’wetsin’wetsi swo tanihi efo ya le Afrika-Caribbean, dukkanoo ni callaloo . Callaloo i xiphemu xa matluka ya rihlaza lawa ya dyiwaka ya ximilani (kufana na taro kumbe xirho xa muxaka wa Xanthosoma ) xa ndyangu wa arum lexi tirhisiwaka tani hi muroho wa rihlaza . Leyi nakambe i supu kumbe xisibi lexi endliwaka kusuka eka miroho ya rihlaza, anyanisi na nyama ya crab kumbe nyama ya nguluve.

Okra, leyi nghenisiweke eAfrika, yi tirhisiwa eka supu ya ndhavuko ya Louisiana Gumbo, naswona rhayisi leyi humaka eUnited States yi byariwa eCarolinas . Lowcountry, ngopfu ngopfu South Carolina e United States, yikuceteriwile hi tindlela to byala rice ta Afrika Vupela dyambu naswona mahlonga yotala ya huma eka tindzhawu leti byariwaka rice e West Africa. Swakudya swa le matikweni ya le hansi swa ha tiveka hi swakudya swa swona swa rhayisi leswi sayinaka. Freedman, P., Chaplin, J.E., & Albala, K. (2014). Food in Time and Place: The American Historical Association Companion to Food History. Berkeley: Nhà xuất bản Đại học California.

 Afrika Xikarhi 

Afrika Xikarhi ri sukela eTintshaveni ta Tibesti en’walungwini ku ya fika ekhwatini lerikulu ra mpfula ra Nambu wa Congo, eXifundzheni xa Kivu, ni le Savannah ya Katanga .

Swakudya swa ndzhawu leyi swikuceteriwa hi swakudya swa ma Swahili (ndhavuko lowu hluvukeke hiku hlanganisiwa ka mindhavuko ya Bantu, Yemeni, Omani na Indian) hi nkarhi wa ku xavisiwa ka mahlonga e Sahara hinkwayo .

Nkucetelo wa swakudya swa Swahili wunga kumeka eka swakudya swofana na xinkwa lexi oxiweke xa mandazi lexi humaka e Swahili Coast, rice pilaf, na saladi ya matamatisi yotsakama na anyanisi leyi dumeke eka swakudya swa Great Lakes i kachumbari, sambusa na chicken curry na masi ya coconut kuku paka . 

Swakudya swale Afrika Xikarhi na swona swikuceteriwile hi ma Portuguese, hiku tirhisa Mifumo ya Kongo na Ndongo. Tinhlampfi leti nga ni munyu ti sungule ku tiviwa endzhaku ka ku xavisiwa ka tona eku heleni ka lembe-xidzana leri 17 naswona rito ra Xikikongo ra nhlampfi leyi nga ni munyu, makayabu, ri huma eka rito leri nge bacalhau (ba-cal-ha-u). 

Nkucetelo wa swakudya swa ma Portugal wu vonaka ngopfu e Angola, Sao Tomé nale Equatorial Guinea. Central Africa yitlhela yikuceteriwa hi swakudya swale East, West na Southern Africa hikokwalaho ka kuva swiri ekusuhi swinene, xikombiso, babuté kumbe bobotie yi averiwa na dzonga, nyama choma nale vuxeni na Gombo sauce na West Africa.

E Afrika Xikarhi vanhu va byala swibyariwa swotala, kukatsa na ti yams, cassava, plantains na plantains, sweet potatoes na cocoyams. Swibyariwa leswi swi hundzuke swakudya swa nkoka eka swakudya swa vanhu vo tala eAfrika Xikarhi. 

Fufu - swakudya leswingana starch hi ntolovelo swiendliwa kusuka eka ti cassava tubers leti virisiweke, kambe swinga tlhela swi lulamisiwa kusuka eka mabanana, mavele na ti yams. Fufu yi phameriwa hi xitayili xa buffet na nyama leyi griyiweke, tihlampfi, switolwa, miroho ya rihlaza na ti peppers ta Piri Piri. Swilo swotala swa ndzhawu liya switirhisiwa eka swakudya swin’wana, swofana na xisibi xa xipinichi lexi swekiweke hi matamatisi, ti peppers, ti chili peppers, anyanisi na peanut butter .  East Central Africa nakambe i yin’wana ya tindzhawu titsongo e Afrika leti tirhisaka timbatata tani hi xihlovo xa yona lexikulu hikuva timbatata ta olova ku byala eka ndzhawu leyi.

Ximilani xa cassava xitlhela xidyiwa tani hi muroho wa rihlaza lowu swekiweke. Swimilani swa tuberous leswi milaka ehansi ka misava kuva swihumelerisa mafurha (peanuts) na swona swa lulamisiwa kukatsa na huku, okra, ginger na swin’wana swipayisisi. Nyama ya homu na huku i swakudya swa nyama leswi dumeke, kambe nkarhi wun’wana swakudya swa game kukatsa na ngwenya, ndlopfu, antelope na warthog na swona swa phameriwa.     

 Rixaka 

 Swakudya swa le Angola
 Swakudya swa le Cameroon
 Cuisine ya Riphabliki ra Afrika Xikarhi
 Swakudya swa le Chad
 Swakudya swa le Congo
 Swakudya swa le Equatorial Guinea
 Swakudya swa le Gabon
 Swakudya swa le São Tomé na Príncipe