Zimbabwa

Zimbabwa (辛巴威) 
Gaga kska Meycow ka Zimbabwa, 20 00 S, 30 00 E ka gaga na nniqan.
Kana ka knlbangan na o 390,757 sq km（hangan na o Tg61）
(knlbanga dxgal o 386,847 sq km, knlbangan qsiya o 3,910 sq km). 
Kana ka sejiqun o niqan 14,546,961 hiyi. 
Gaga Harare ka pusu alang paru, jiyax 18 idas 4 ka jiyax skrayan klwaan. 
Manu ka dxgal Zimbabwa ga wada sugan 42.50% ka dxgal qpahan, 39.50% ka dxgal bbuyu, rahuq dxgal do niqan 18% na.

Bukung klwaan ta sayang o kiya ka Robert Mugabe, pnaah hngkawas1987 idas 12 jiyax 22pnrajing kmlawa klwaan.

cinkhulan sa knita’ sa brbiru’

 Zimbabwe (辛巴威) 

 Zimbabwe Konghkwo (辛巴威共和國) 
Zimbabwe Konghkwo (Eygo: Republic of Zimbabwe), splawa dha Zimbabwe, qnlhangan wa mniq tuhunac kcka dxral Ahuyrika, nniqan niya u wa iyax yayung Zambisi mi yayung Popo, tuhunac u lmutuc Tuhunac Ahuyrika, tuiwil mi tuiwil hunac u mslutuc dxral Pocana, tuiril daya u mslutuc dxral Zambia, tunarac mi tunarac daya u mssiyaw dxral Mozambique, ana so uka mslutuc dxral ka Zimbabwe mi Namibia, binaw mksipaw yayung Zambisi ka Namibia, ddha qnlhangan niyi u msdalih 200 m balay mqqita. Zimbabwe u mniq kngkawas 1980 idas 4 diyax 18 dukuricu phiyu qnlhangan, knlbangan tndxral u 39 knbkiyan pinhwang km, keyjay u mqrinuc bay qnlhangan mniq qnlangan uri, knbeyhing bay alang mkbrnux mi sotu ka Harare. 

Pnspuwan kluwanan sediq Zimbabwe u snpeyyah phiyu qnlhangan daw wada knpriyux balay, dukuricu cida knkana knhbrawan hiyi sediq u 690 knbkiyan, kcka na u ya bay 30 knbkiyan hiyi (cida u yaba knkana 5.5%) ka sediq bhuway mppqlahang niya, binaw alaw babaw knpriyux dxral cngce daw, kndudul mlih ka knhbrawan hiyi sediq bhuway saya, wada msngari ini kpiya knbkiyan hiyi da, kiya mi wada mniq Oco mi Amirika cngway cyuryo mi knhbrawan ka wada thdil qlhangan icil. Alaw knhbaraw ka pntingan laqi sediq qalux, mrana dhuq 1443 knbkiyan hiyi ka sediq knhbrawan Zimbabwe (kngkawas 2018), sediq qalux u wada hmrinas knkana knhbrawan na 99%, pusu bay u niqan Sawna joku (79% knhbrawan) mi Ntpeylay (17% knhbrawan) ddha beyhing minjoku. 

Zimbabwe pa niqan 16 kluwanan kari ka ddiyun seyhu, kcka u dmuwi kari eygo ka knhbaraw bay sediq dmuwi, kiya mi duma pusu bay kari u niqan kari Sawna mi Tudaya Ntpeylay. 

Hangan pnrdingan Zimbabwe pa Rotsia qnlhangan sediq bhuway ka qmlahang, hangan niyi u snpeyyah rmirih Ingkoku mniq nniqan hini phiyu dxral qlhangan na Saysiar Rocu, mtmay 20 th daw spuda Ian Smis dmudul, smruwa dnyawan Tuhunac Ahuyrika cngcweyn, prading ini khbaraw sediq bhuway qmlahang, kiya mi knciyuk kyosangto yocituy ka mangal hangal. Rotsiya u alaw mndungus bay ka knkkarac, cida u knou bay ka qqiya pnyahan u pnhuma pnwalang ka pusu niya, nojyo sediq bhuway pa alaw so niyi kiya ka mblayaq balay, qnlhangan dha u niqan knmalu bay hangan ‘Brunguy Pang Ahuyrika’, kiya u phiyu mntna bay Oco ka sotu dha Harare, hangan pnrdingan u Soarcpori, kiya ka Rocu mniq kngkawas 1890 cida pnhiyu mawyi cisan alang mkbrnux, kiya u tukcka Ahuyrika knbeyhing bay alang mkbrnux uri. Babaw kngkawas 1980 daw wada spoxan ka qnlhangan sediq bhuway, mtmay jidayi Zimbabwe, binaw keyjay dah u snturung beyhing bay tonghwo pngcang ka cida, wada mlih knkana ka ddiyun mi ini ttuku uuqun kana sediq qnlhangan, uuqun Zimbabwe saya pa pusu bay u sntama cingko qnlhangan icil, kiya mi Tuhunac Ahuyrika ka pndungus wayraw, quri so qnlhangan dha putting hiti 20 th beytaq cida snturung mqraqil keyjay, alaw qnrqilan keyjay uri, Zimbabwe u wada dha htranan smmalu ka pila Zimbabwe, knpriyux dmuwi pila Amirika, qnita seyhu dha u yahan qmlahang qnlhangan icil ka pusu balay lmutuc sqrinuc Zimbabwe. 

 Ri-s (歷史) 

 Pusu tyawmu: Rikisi Zimbabwe. 

 Wenmin na tuhunac Ahuyrika (南部非洲的文明) 
Zimbabwe u pusu balay pnyahan wenmin tuhunac Ahuyrika, mniq jidayi kcka th, Zimbabwe hini u mnniqan pnhiyu wenming dsediq Sona (Shona, mnkingal cida Pantu joku), kiya mi hmiti ou bay tuqar bungka, kcka niya pa niqan ka spruwan balay sunca Beyhing Zimbabwe Alang Mkbrnux Cbiyaw (kiya ka pnyahan hangan Zimbabawe uri), alang mkbrnux niyi ka sotu Mahung Qbuway Wangkwo spuda kndadax mkngahu ucilung India Islamkyo sangtuy mawyi, mniq 11 th cida kndudul mbiyax, dmuwi king, rupun dapa ngucun mi dong kwang qqiya snpruwan balay pnyahan tndxral, ppriyux snpeyyah dxral nniqan Posuwan na qqqiya wewaliq mi rrusuq, 15 th cida, wada mknbeyhing bay qnlhangan tuhunac Ahuyrika.

Sona wenming mbiyax bay u mniq 19 th cida daw wada kndudul mqhdu da, kngkawas 1837 cida, sediq Sona u wada yahan knrmux qmlahang sediq Ndbele (Ndebele) mncida Curu joku, kiya mi snpeyyah Ingkoku mi tuhunac na sediq Poar (sediq Tuhunac Ahuyrika llutuc Netherlan) prading kndudul thdiq mkan dxral nniqan hini.

 Jidayi qnlhangan Ingkoku (kngkawas 1888 dhuq kngkawas 1965) 英國殖民地時期 (1888年-1965年) 
Kngkawas 1888 cida, Ta Ingtikwo mpqlahang Saysiar Rocu snpeyyah bawa Ndbeyle kwowang mangal biyax kmari kwang tndxral dha, bukuy daw mniq kngkawas 1889 rmirih mnIngkoku tuhunac Ahuyrika kojyo mangal biyax tndxral hini, kiya mi mniq kngkawas 1895 cida u balay bay mndungus phiyu cmin qnlhangan ‘Rotsiya’, hangan niyi u spuda hangan Rocu muway hangan. Kngkawas 1896 dhuq kngkawas 1897 daw, sediq Sona mi sediq Ndbeyle u prading mccbu knciyuk cmin tongcu Ingkoku, pspuruq tumntxan ptalax mccbu Zimbabwe, ya bay niqan 450 hiyi sediq bhuway ka wada phqilan.

 Saya (Babaw kngkawas 1980-) 現況 (1980年- ) 
Kwaocng Zimbabwe u kndadax dukuricu daw knpriyux dhuq bawa sediq qalux, binaw Mukapi u spuda biyax snramus umluk dxral llutuc Oco sediq bhuway. 20 th puting hiti, ini pndungus ka keyjay, ou bay ddiyun kndusan u ini ttuku.

Kngkawas 2000 prading, seyhu Zimbabwe spuda dnuwi dxral sediq bhuway u kndadax cmin jidayi, alaw snpeyyah dha bawa Sediq Tnpusu sediq qalux mangal ka dxral, kiya ka muda snburah waya dxral, pkixan mangal ka kana dxral dnuwi sediq bhuway. Sokiya u knhbrawan bay mpqpah dxral qnpahan sediq bhuway kcka qnlhangan u wada mlatac qnlhangan icil, wada mlih ou bay ka uuqun pnhuma pnwalang, wada mrrudu ka quri keyjay uri.

Kngkawas 2002 cida, Mukapi u tumn4 mangal lmutuc soto. Hantay tang mi pnssliyan rawkong dmudul mdu qmpah mi knciyuk, yawqyu cida mnqmlahang 22 kngkawas Mukapi knllu malix msangay, kiya mi seyhu u spuda heytay mi keysacu butay muruc dhiya. Pnsliyan pila kwoci cicin (IMF) pusu ka qnlhangan caycweyn dmuwi pila dmayaw, hmili Mukapi cngcwey ini sparu qmita biyax sediq mi seykyo soto cida u mqbling, skkingal hmtur keykaku ddmayaw. Kiya mi Ta Ingkoku kwosyey ka mniq kngkawas 2002 cida pkla kari mquri Zimbabwe psangay 1 kngkawas pnchuwan, Zimbabwe ka ini kbsiyaq daw dhiya nanaq ka ptalax kndadax syeyhuy kiya muda cmiyu dhiya.

Alaw qnbsyaqan balay psaking qnlhangan nganguc, ini sruwa muda uuda pkdhu keyjay ka seyhu uri, kiya ka wada msangay dmayaw quri keyjay Zimbabwe ka IMF, kiya u seyhu qnlhangan dha u spuda kari bay smnalu dha pila muda pttuku mbanah keyjay dha, kiya u wada krinah knbeyhing bay tonghwo pongcang mi knmlih ka neydang pila. Seyhu Zimbabwe ka muda pkla kngkawas 2007 idas 11 na tongcangryu, wada dhuq 26,000% knou, kiya u balay bay smpuwan u ya bay krinah knou. Alaw wada hmrinas 80% knou ka uka qqpahun, knhbrawan bay sediq u alaw iyux sntuku pila wada pkyuxan qduriq qnlhangan ssiyaw. 

Kngkawas 2008 knbeyhing seyngkyo cida, knbeyhing bay hantay tang Mincu Kayke Undo Tang (MDC) na Cwancirayi tumn1 meytaq hyo u mabang mrana mbiyax Makapi, binaw ini dhuq dmka ka hyo Cwacirayi, so kiya idas 6 diyax 27 dungan u muda tumn2 seykyo Dungan, alaw Cwancirayi u muda smtali seykyo kiya ka wada pkixan malix seykyo, hiti balay daw Mukapi ka wada mbiyax da. 

Kingal uri u keyjay kcka qnhlangan u ini ktutuy. Kngkawas 2008 idas 2, tonghwo pongcang ryu dhuq 165,000%; kngkawas 2008 idas 6, tonghwo pongcang ryu dhuq 200,000%, yanghang qnlhangan u mniq kngkawas 2008 idas 7 diyax 21 smmalu knkrayan 1 oku klabuy pila Zimbabwe. Zimbabwe u kndadax kngkawas 2008 idas 8 diyax 1 prading knpriyux pnwaya ka pila dha, 100 oku smudal pila Zimbabwe weyweyn u ririh 1 burah pila Zimbabwe. Kngkawas 2009 idas 1 burah kari pklaun, Zimbabwe u mpniq nduray niyi muda prading dmuwi knkana qnlangan knbeyhing bay burah pila klabuy, burah pila klabuy niyi pa hmrinas oku, kiya ka knkana 10 co, 20 co, 50 co pila Zimbabwe 4 kluwanan. 

Mniq kngkawas 2009 idas 4 diyax 12 cida, seyhu qnhlangan dha u krinah pkla kari alaw wada uka brahan psbalay rrihan pila dha nanaq, kiya ka muda psngayun 1 kngkawas ka pila qnlhangan dha. 

Kngkawas 2013 idas 8 knbeyhing seyngkyo cida, qmlahang 33 kngkawas ka Makapi soto u spuda mqbling uuda seyngkyo, wada na ini baka ka bukung hantaypay Cwancirayi, lmutuc mangal soto, kiya ka knbsyaqan bay mbukung qnlhangan knkana Ahuyrika. 

Kngkawas 2015 idas 6 cida, wada pkla kari malix dmuwi pila qnlhangan dha nanaq ka seyhu, kiya mi dmuwi pila Amirika. Sediq qnlhangan u so ka wa skuwan ginghang ka pila uxay daw dnuwi dha pila Zimbabwe u, malu dha spuda Zimbabwe pnsrmalan ginghang spriyux pila Amirika, huyryu u 35,000,000,000,000,000 (3.5 cing) pila Zimbabwe spriyux 1 pila Amirika. Knkana pila snkuwan ginghang pa hmrinas 1750 co niya u, spuda 350 co pila Zimbabwe spriyux 1 pila Amirika, ini khrinas 1750 co ka quri pila Zimbabwe duma daw, kasi spriyux 5 pila Amirika kana. Saya, kana mbbari u qulung dmuwi pila qnhlangan ssiyaw mi beyhing qnlhangan muda dmuwi, kiya ka knkana: Tuhunac Ahuyrika rante, Pocana pula, India lubi, pila Oco, pila Nihong, pila Cyokoku, pila Awco, Ingpang Ingkoku kiya mi pila Amirika. 

Kngkawas 2015 idas 12 diyax 21 cida, spuda mntuhuy Cyokoku Jnmin Ginghang mnuda psdhu patas, Zimbabwe u mnniq kngkawas 2016 pnrdingan prading, ngalan dha mntna pila Amirika ddiyun kcka qnlhangan ka pila Cyokoku uri, so niyi ka tnbrnahan dha unhuway cyokoku ririh so wada ini ngali ya bay 4000 knbkiyan pila Amirika dhuq diyax saking dha cyokoku. 

Kngkawas 2016 idas 12 diyax 17, Mukapi mniq cucngtang Zimbabwe Ahuyrika Minjoku Ryeynmong- Aykwo Cnseyng (ZANU-PF) na muda pprngaw pnrngawan tang dha cida, wada psaun hangan muda seykyo soto ka kngkawas 2018 dungan, psramal muda pnsung tu1 knkana qnlangan ‘Kbkuy Kngkawas Soto’. 

Kngkawas 2017 Zimbabwe cngpyeyn, heytay ka smrading cngpyeyn, idas 11 diyax 19, cucngtang Zimbabwe Ahuyrika Minjoku Ryeynmong-Aykwo Cnseyng (ZANU-PF) pa, wada muda ptlaxun qpahan tangcusi mi tu1 suki ka Mukapi. Diyax 21 cida daw wada malax qpahun niya ka Mukapi. 

Kngkawas 2019 idas 9 diyax 6, alaw mnarux mi mniq byoing kcka Singapore mrdang ka Ropo Mukapi, kngkawas niya kndusan u 95 kngkawas.

 Ti-ri (地理) 
縮圖|Wa mnniq tnuayus Zimbabwe mi Zambia ka Twelaq Weytoriya u wada mangal hangan qnlangan ida nkiya jaysang hniti.

 Pusu tyawmu: Lnlingay nniqan Zimbabwe. 
Knrbangan tndxral Zimbabwe u 39 knbkiyan sngari pinghwang km, wa mniq tunarac hunac Ahuyrika, kiya ka 1 kcka dxral qnlhangan. Zimbabwe pa tunarac u msdalih Mozambique, tuhunac u lmutuc Tuhunac Ahuyrika, tuiwil mi tuiril daya u tuhuy Pocana mi Zambia mssqapah. 

Zimbabwe u to bay dxral nniqan tubaraw brnux hniwan lnlingay, pdkanan u haypa 1000 m sngari. Hniwan lnlingay u psnakan ka dxral tubaraw siba, tukcka siba mi tullbu siba 3 kluwanan. Tunarac Zimbabwe ka dwiyaq Iniyangkani u hayipa 2,592 m, kiya ka knbaraw bay knkana qnlhangan. Pusu balay yayung u niqan yayung Zambisi mi yayung Rinpopo, psnakan tnuayus na msupu ssiyaw qnlhangan Zambia mi Tuhunac Ahuyrika. Tulaq Weytoriya, yayung Zambisi, tudaya yayung Zambisi na Karipa ssliyan qsiya mi beyhing pa hhtur qsiya hntra pssliyan qsiya wada smluwan 

Langu Karipa pnsupu mqiri wada mtnuayus tudaya Zimbabwe, mssiyaw Zambia. Tunarac tnuayus u knkana qnlhangan Zimbabwe u mntuhuy Mozambique mssdalih,

tuiril hunac uka Pocana, tuhunac u niqan duma dxral nniqan u msqapah Tuhunac Ahuyrika, kiya u yayung Rinpopo ka ngalan tnuayus.

Knkkarac Zimbabwe u knkkarac mntilux sspriq brnux, pndkanan kngkawas u sesu 

22°, idas 10 cida ka mtilux balay, dhuq 32°, idas 7 cida ka mtltu balay, ya bay 13° dhuq 17°.

 Jen-ko (人口) 
縮圖|Juga lnlingay dxral Zimbabwe.
Knhbrawan hiyi sediq Zimbabwe pa ya bay 16,743,000 hiyi (kngkawas 2018 idas 10 snpuwan kucicu), kcka u knkana 98% knhbrawan ka sediq qalux, aynoko mi llutuc sediq Asia u knkana 1% knhbrawan, sediq bhuway u ini dhuq 1% knhbrawan. Mniq llutuc kcka sediq qalux pusu na balay ka sediq Sona (sediq Sona, knkana knhbrawan 82% hiyi), hiti na daw sediq Ndebele (Ndebele, knkana knhbrawan sediq 14% hiyi).

Eygo ka kari ddiyun seyhu, kiya u mtuhuy kari Sona mi kari Ndebele ngalan pusu balay ddiyun kari.

Knkana sediq Zimbabwe u to bay smluhay snhiyan Kiristokyo mi snhiyan mincyeyn congcyaw, quri so snhiyan Islam mi duma snhiyan u, ini dhuq 1% knkana knhbrawan hiyi sediq qnhlangan.

 Pusu balay alang mkbrnux (重要城鎮) 

 Kariba (Kariba)
 Harare (Harare) – Sotu
 Gweru (Gweru)
 Bulawayo (Bulawayo)
 Cweysawane (Zvishavane)
 縮圖|Sng Cyocu tubeyhing pyasan.Zimbabawe alang mkbrnux (Zimbabwe)

 Cing-ci (經濟) 
Spuda Amirika Congyang Cingpawcyu pnkala patas na qnlangan quri so saya, Zimbabwe sediq qnlhangan sngcan congcu u wa mniq puting hiti balay.

Zimbabwe mniq 21 th pnrdingan u prading muda mqraqil bay tonghwo pongcang, spuda kngkawas 2008 idas 7 ka snpuwan seyhu, tonghwo pongcang ryu dhuq 231,000,000%. Ngalan Zimbabwe soto cida ka Mukapi u, tmiyu qnlangan tuiril wada trawah qnhlangan mquri Zimbabwe muda knkana hmtur dmayaw pkbarux pila, mi hmtur Zimbabwe mniq tuiwil na snkuwan pila mi ccan na pcahu keyjay, kiya mi quri so niyi ka pusu bay wada pqraqil keyjay dha. Kiya mi hantay Mukapi niya u qnita dha Mukapi ka dmudul quri knpriyux dxral (pkiyux mari tndxral nojyo sediq bhuway), seyhu u ini dhuq qmlahang neydang bnari, kiya mi ryosing mnarux Aycu uri, kiya ka Pusu balay wada mqraqil keyjay, kiya u wisu snturung dukuricu dhuq saya quri knbeyhing bay qnrqilan jntaw cuyi ka Zimbabwe saya.

Kngkawas 2015 idas 6, seyhu Zimbabwe u balay bay pkla kari malix pila Zimbabwe, kana sediq qnhlangan u malu spuda pnslmalan ginghang Zimbabwe spriyux ka pila dnuwi dha pila Zimbabwe, spuda 35,000,000,000,000,000 (3.5 cing) pila Zimbabwe spriyux 1 pila Amiraka na huyryu muda ppriyux pila Amirika.

 Ttgsa (教育) 
縮圖|Kngkawas 2014 cida pa rrudan sediq Zimbabwe u kiya ka niqan bay knkla dha qmita patas knkana Ahuyrika.
Kndadax dukuricu prading, seyhu u dmuwi knou bay hbangan quri kyoiku ka Zimbabwe, kiya ka niqan knbeyhing balay knkla mita patan ryu knkana rudan sediq Ahuyrika. Mniq kngkawas 2013 cida dhuq 90.70%, wada mlih tikuh kngkawas 2010 na 92%.

 Un-hwa (文化) 
Pusu balay diyax smsung mi diyax sngayan Zimbabwe u kiya ka knkana: Smsung burah kngkawas (Idas 1 diyax 1) Diyax smsung dmbbiyax (Idas 2 diyax 21), Diyax smsung tntuyan kndadax hnqilan Yesu, Diyax Smsung Dukuricu (Idas 4 diyax 18), Diyax Rawtongcyey (Idas 5 diyax 1), Diyax Ahuyrika (Idas 5 diyax 25), Diyax Ingsyong (Idas 8 diyax 11) Smsung Phiyu Heytay (Idas 8 diyax 12), Diyax Msupu Lnglungan ka Qnlhangan (Idas 12 diyax 22), Diyax Smsung Mqaras Pntingan Yesu (Idas 12 diyax 25-26).
縮圖|Zimabwe na msapuh sediq Sona mssdalih nniqan Alang Mkbrnux Cbiyaw Beyhing Zimbabwe.
Kngkawas 1980 cida, dqridin Zimbabawe cyukuncyotuy kngkawas 1980 rbawan Orimpiko undokay mangal king pay, mtur boru ka kcka qnhlangan Zimbabwe knryosing na undo uri. Ana so knrancyo mi pancyo u sqrasun dha balay uri, binaw Pusu bay pnsltudan ryosing mniq kcka nniqan sediq bhuway. Zimbabwe u mnniq kcka Orimpiko undokay mangal 8 snadu, kiya ka psnakan kngkawas 1980 u Mosuko Orimpiko undokay bnkuwan ‘Rusang Cyuhuncyo’ u mangal 1 king pay; kngkawas 2004 cida Yatyeyn Orimpiko undokay u mangal king, ging, dong pnkingal snadu; kngkawas 2008 cida Peycing Orimpiko undokay u mangal 1 king 3 ging. Tndhun bay rmngaw u, Yatyeyn mi Peycing Orimpiko undokay u wada mangal 7 snadu pa to bay qridin sediq bhuway undoing Kotis Kowencwey taxa hiyi mniq bnkuwan pnsung tmapaq qsiya niya mnangal kana.

 Pnyahan pnatas (參考資料) 
 CIA
 外交部
Tnhjil kari seejiq Watan Diro(瓦旦 吉洛) mtabug.
 List of current heads of state and government

Snakun:Truku