Kayaç türü listesi

Aşağıda, jeologlar tarafından tanımlanmış kayaç türlerinin bir listesi bulunmaktadır. Kararlaştırılan sayıda belli kayaç türleri yoktur. Kimyasal bileşim, mineraloji, tane boyutu, doku veya diğer ayırt edici özelliklerin herhangi bir benzersiz kombinasyonu, yeni bir kayaç türüne işaret edebilir. Ek olarak, her ana kayaç türü için farklı sınıflandırma sistemleri bulunur. Magmatik kayaç, metamorfik kayaç ve tortul kayaç olmak üzere üç ana kayaç türü vardır.

Magmatik kayaçlar

küçükresim|Zeolit ile doldurulmuş amigdaloidal veziküllere sahip bir andezit (koyu renkli yer) örneği. Görüş çapı 8 cm'dir.







 ʻAʻā – Basaltic lava with a crumpled appearance
  – Basaltic lava with a flowing, often ropy appearance





























  – An ultramafic, ultrapotassic intrusive rock dominated by mafic  in a feldspar groundmass
  – A silica-undersaturated form of andesite
  – An ultramafic rock, essentially a 
  – A silica-undersaturated granite with <5%  quartz
  – a plutonic rock with <5%  quartz
  – A silica-undersaturated plutonic rock of  and 
  – A silica-undersaturated plutonic rock with >90% nepheline
  – A hypersthene-bearing gabbro



  – A silica-undersaturated volcanic rock; essentially similar to 
  – A volcanic rock with a composition between phonolite and tephrite
  – An olivine-bearing 


  - a coarse grained plutonic rock composed of >90% 
  – A diorite with >5% modal quartz
  – An intermediate plutonic rock, essentially a monzonite with 5–10% modal quartz
  – An intrusive rock composed mostly of quartz
  – A felsic volcanic rock which is intermediate between a rhyolite and a dacite




  – a plutonic rock
  – A coarse-grained  rock
  – A plutonic rock dominated by orthoclase feldspar; a type of granitoid
  – Essentially a basaltic glass
  – A volcanic rock with a composition between phonotephrite and phonolite
  – A silica-undersaturated volcanic rock
  – A plagioclase-dominant granitoid
  – An alkaline intermediate volcanic rock
  - sodic trachyandesite
  – A volcanic rock with a composition between basalt and trachyte
  – a sodic type of trachybasalt, typically formed by ocean island () 
  – A silica-undersaturated volcanic rock; essentially a feldspathoid-bearing rhyolite
  – A plutonic ultramafic rock containing ,  and 
  – A form of tonalite where plagioclase-group feldspar is 

  – A type of , composed of clinoproxene and orthopyroxene
  - An ultramafic plutonic or cumulate rock, a type of , composed of olivine and clinopyroxene

Tortul kayaçlar

küçükresim|Batı Virginia'daki bir bitümlü kömür damarı 
küçükresim|Kireç taşıyla kaplanmış kireçli şeyl. Cumberland Platosu, Tennessee
küçükresim|Fas, Toussite'te bulunan dolomit kristalleri
küçükresim|Türbidit (Gorgoglione Flişi), Miyosen, Güney İtalya





























  – A non-detrital sedimentary rock that contains high amounts of 










Metamorfik kayaçlar

küçükresim|Fillit
küçükresim|upright|Granit ortognays daykına sahip bir bantlı gnays
küçükresim|Mermer
küçükresim|Kuvarsit




  – A rock formed by faulting



  – A mafic metamorphic rock dominated by green amphiboles

  – A type of hornfels found in the 
  – Nepheline syenite gneiss
  – a metamorphosed limestone

  – A metamorphic rock formed by 
  – A metamorphic rock with a  of clay-rich (siltstone) sedimentary rock
 Metapsammite – A metamorphic rock with a  of quartz-rich (sandstone) sedimentary rock
  – A low grade metamorphic rock composed mostly of  minerals
  – A glass formed by melting within a  via friction
  – A metamorphosed sandstone typically composed of >95% quartz



  - A low grade metamorphic rock formed from shale or silts
  – A rock formed by  during a 
  – A metamorphosed ultramafic rock with  as an essential constituent; similar to a 
  – Essentially a talc 
  – A rock whose fabric reflects the history of its deformation
  – A high pressure metamorphic rock containing talc and 

küçükresim|upright|New York'un güneydoğusundan Manhattan Şisti
küçükresim|Kayrak

 Özel kayaç çeşitleri 

  – A variety of 
  – A group of varieties of , mostly rich in 

  – A variety of  from Loch Borralan, Scotland









  – A -silica  analogous to a skarn
  - A variety of , first found on 
  - A rock composed of  and other minerals

  – A metamorphosed  occurrence near Litchfield, Maine
  – A hypabyssal rhyolite with microcline and blue quartz phenocrysts from the Llano Uplift in Texas


 Minette – A variety of 
  – A type of  found in Oklahoma, Arkansas, and Texas

  – A chemical analogue considered to theoretically represent the earth's 

  – A type of  with  rhombic  of 
  – A mafic rock  by  fluids
  – melitilic and kalsititic rocks


  – A silica undersaturated,  bearing 
  – A  gabbro
  – An altered granite

  – A variety of 
  – A rock rich in manganese oxide or manganese hydroxide

 Ayrıca bakınız 




 Kaynakça 

 Dış bağlantılar 
 British Geological Survey 
 Igneous rock classification
 Rock Types Article by Encyclopaedia Britannica 
 Classification of common rocks and soils 
 Metamorphic Rock Classification
 Volcanic rocks
 Earth Science Education Unit virtual rock kit 

#
Kayaçlar
Kayaçlar
Kayaçlar
Kayaçlar
Kayaçlar