Juneteenth

Juneteenth ke letsatsi la boikhutso la puso kwa Amerika. Le ketekiwa ngwaga le ngwaga ka Seetebosigo a le lesome le boferabongwe go gopola go khutla ga bokgoba kwa Amerika. Leina la letsatsi la boikhutso le, le le dirisitsweng la ntlha ka dingwaga tsa bo 1890, ke pataganyo ya mafoko "Seetebosigo" le "bolesome le borobabongwe", a a kaya Seetebosigo a le lesome le boferabongwe, 1865, letsatsi le Major General Gordon Granger a neng a laela gore Kitsiso ya Kgololesego e diragadiwe kwa Texas kwa bokhutlong jwa Ntwa ya Selegae ya Amerika.Garrett-Scott, Shennette (2013). ""When Peace Come": Teaching the Significance of Juneteenth". Black History Bulletin. 76 (2): 19–25. doi:10.1353/bhb.2013.0015. JSTOR 24759690. S2CID 245657706. E nopotswe Seetebosigo a le lesome le bobedi ka 2025.Gates, Henry Louis Jr. (January 16, 2013). "What Is Juneteenth?". PBS. Archived from the original on June 11, 2020. E nopotswe Seetebosigo a le lesome le bobedi ka 2025. Mo pakeng ya Ntwa ya Selegae, bokgoba bo ne jwa fela mo mafelong a a farologaneng a Amerika tsa dinako tse di farologaneng. Batho ba le bantsi ba Borwa ba ba neng ba dirilwe makgoba ba ne ba tshaba, ba batla dituelo, ba emisa tiro, kana ba tsaya dibetsa kgatlhanong le Confederacy ya dikgaolo tsa makgoba. Ka Firikgong 1865, kgabagare Congress e ne ya akanyetsa gore go dirwe Phetolo ya molaomotheo wa kwa United States ya lesome le boraro gore bokgoba bo fedisiwe mo lefatsheng lotlhe. Ka Seetebosigo 1865, mo e ka nnang makgoba otlhe a ne a gololwa ke Union Army e e neng ya fenya, kana melao ya go fedisa makgoba mo dikgaolong tse dingwe tse di setseng tsa Amerika. Fa go ne go amogelwa paakanyo ya bosetshaba ya go fedisa bokgoba ka Sedimonthole, ba ba neng ba setse ba ba neng ba dirilwe makgoba kwa Delaware le kwa Kentucky ba ne ba gololwa.

Meletlo ya ntlha e simolotse ka 1866, kwa tshimologong e ne e akaretsa dikokoano tsa baagi tse di neng di lebisitswe mo kerekeng kwa Texas. Di ne tsa anama go ralala Borwa mo gare ga makgoba a a sa tswang go gololwa a Aforika-Amerika le ditlogolwana tsa bone mme tsa nna tsa kgwebo thata ka dingwaga tsa bo 1920 le bo 1930, gantsi di ne di remeletse mo moletlong wa dijo. Batsayakarolo mo Khudugong e Kgolo ba ne ba tlisa mekete eno kwa lefatsheng lotlhe. Ka nako ya Mokgatlho wa Ditshwanelo tsa Baagi wa dingwaga tsa bo 1960, meletlo eno e ne ya fifadiwa ke maitlhomo a a senang tirisodikgoka a go fitlhelela ditshwanelo tsa baagi, mme ya gola ka go tuma gape ka dingwaga tsa bo 1970 ka tsepamo mo kgololesegong ya Maaforika a Amerika le botaki jwa Maaforika a Amerika. Go simolola ka Texas ka kitsiso ka 1938, le ka molao ka 1979, kgaolo nngwe le nngwe ya Amerika le Kgaolo ya Columbia di ile tsa amogela letsatsi le la boikhutso semmuso ka tsela nngwe.

Letsatsi la Juneteenth gape le ketekwa ke Ba-Mascogo, ditlogolwana tsa Ba-Seminole ba Bantsho ba ba neng ba tshaba bokgoba ka 1852 mme ba nna kwa Coahuila, Mexico."Mascogos. Pueblo de afrodescendientes en el norte de México" [Mascogos. People of Afro-descendants in the north of Mexico.]. gob.mx (in Spanish). Archived from the original on July 31, 2017. E nopotswe Seetebosigo a le lesome le bobedi ka 2025.

Letsatsi leno le ne la amogelwa jaaka letsatsi la boikhutso la puso ka 2021, fa Congress ya bo lekgolo le lesome le bosupa ya Amerika e ne e tsenya molao mme Tautona Joe Biden a saena Molao wa Letsatsi la Boipuso la Bosetshaba la Juneteenth go nna molao. Juneteenth e ne ya nna letsatsi la ntlha le lesha la boikhutso la puso fa e sa le Letsatsi la ga Martin Luther King Jr. le amogelwa ka 1983."President Biden Signs the Juneteenth National Independence Day Act Into Law". YouTube. June 17, 2021. Archived from the original on December 11, 2021. E nopotswe Seetebosigo a le lesome le bobedi ka 2025.

 Meletlo le dingwao 
Letsatsi le la boikhutso le tsewa e le "letsatsi la boikhutso le le tsereng lobaka lo loleele go gaisa la Maaforika a Amerika"Knight 2011. E nopotswe Seetebosigo a le lesome le bobedi ka 2025. mme le biditswe "Letsatsi la bobedi la Boipuso la Amerika"."The Historical Legacy of Juneteenth". National Museum of African American History and Culture. Smithsonian.com. Archived from the original on June 18, 2023. E nopotswe Seetebosigo a le lesome le bobedi ka 2025."What is Juneteenth—and how did it become a federal holiday?". History and Culture Explainer. National Geographic. June 12, 2023. Archived from the original on June 19, 2023.  E nopotswe Seetebosigo a le lesome le bobedi ka 2025. Juneteenth e ka Seetebosigo a le lesome le boferabongwe mme gantsi e ntse e ketekwa ka Lamatlhatso wa boraro ka Seetebosigo. Raditso Mitch Kachun o tsaya gore meletlo ya bokhutlo jwa bokgoba e na le maikaelelo a le mararo: "go keteka, go ruta, le go fudua."Hume & Arceneaux 2008, p. 156. E nopotswe Seetebosigo a le lesome le bobedi ka 2025.
Mekete ya pele e ne e akaretsa baseball, go tshwara ditlhapi le rodeo. Gantsi Maaforika a Amerika a ne a thibelwa go dirisa mafelo a botlhe mo meletlong ya bone, ka jalo gantsi e ne e tshwarelwa kwa dikerekeng kgotsa gaufi le metsi. Meletlo e ne e akaretsa dijo tse dintsi tse di rulagantsweng sentle le batho ba apere diaparo tsa bone tse di gaisang. Go ne go tlwaelesegile gore batho ba ba kileng ba bo ba le makgoba le ditlogolwana tsa bone ba tseye loeto lwa bodumedi go ya kwa Galveston.Jaynes 2005. E nopotswe Seetebosigo a le lesome le bobedi ka 2025. Jaaka fa meletlo ya ntlha e ne e begwa ke dikgang, Janice Hume le Noah Arceneaux ba tsaya gore e ne e "thusa dikgakologelo tsa Maaforika a Amerika mo teng ga 'Polelo ya Amerika' e e laolang".Hume & Arceneaux 2008, p. 159. E nopotswe Seetebosigo a le lesome le bobedi ka 2025.
Mokete wa segompieno o dirwa thata mo meletlong ya selegae. Mo mafelong a le mantsi, Juneteenth e fetogile letsatsi la boikhutso la ditso tse dintsi. Dingwao di akaretsa go buisa phatlalatsa ga Kgoeletso ya Kgololesego e e neng e solofetsa kgololesego, go opela dipina tsa setso tse di jaaka "Swing Low, Sweet Chariot" le "Tsholetsa Lentswe Lengwe le Lengwe le go Opela", le go buisa dibuka tsa bakwadi ba ba itsegeng ba Maaforika-Amerika, jaaka Ralph Ellison le Maya Angelou. Meletlo e akaretsa dipikiniki, di-rodeo, dipontsho tsa mo mebileng, di-cookout, dikopano tsa malapa, meletlo ya diphaka, dipontsho tsa hisitori, meletlo ya blues, le dikgaisano tsa Mohumagatsana Juneteenth. Dijo le dino tse dikhibidu ke tsa setso ka nako ya meletlo, go akaretsa kuku e khibidu ya velvet le soda ya seteroberi, ka bohibidu jo bo diretsweng go emela go itsetsepela le boitumelo.

Meletlo ya Juneteenth gantsi e akaretsa dithuto le dipontsho ka ga setso sa Maaforika le Maamerika. Letsatsi la boikhutso la segompieno le gatelela thata go ruta ka boswa jwa Maaforika le Maamerika. Karen M. Thomas o kwadile mo go Emerge gore "baeteledipele ba baagi ba ngaparetse [Seetebosigo] go thusa go tsenya maikutlo a boswa le boikgantsho mo bašweng ba bantsho." Mekete gantsi e tsamaya le maiteko a go ikwadisa batlhophi, go diragatsa diterama, le go anela dikgang gape. Letsatsi la boikhutso gape ke moletlo wa dijo tsa moya le dijo tse dingwe tse di nang le ditlhotlheletso tsa Maaforika-Amerika. Mo go Tourism Review Boditšhabatšhaba, Anne Donovan le Karen DeBres ba kwala gore "Go ja nama ke selo se se botlhokwa thata mo meletlong e mentsi ya Seetebosigo." Dineteweke tse dikgolo tsa dikgang di tshwara dipontsho tse di kgethegileng le dimarathone mo mabenkeleng a bosetšhaba a a nang le mantswe a a tlhageletseng a Bantsho.

Ba-Seminole ba Bantsho ba Nacimiento kwa Mexico ba tshwara moletlo le go kopana gape, o o bidiwang el Día de los Negros ka Seetebosigo 19. Dikoloni tse dintsi tsa pele tsa Borithane di keteka Letsatsi la Kgololesego ka Phatwe a rogwa, go gopola Molao wa go Fedisa Bokgoba wa 1833. Fa e sale ka 2021, Ditšhabakopano di tlhomile Phatwe 31 jaaka Letsatsi la Boditšhabatšhaba la Batho ba Lotso lwa Aforika.

 Ditso 
Ka Lwetse a le masome mabedi le bobedi, 1862, Tautona  Abraham Lincoln o ne a itsise gore Kitsiso ya Kgololesego e tla simolola go dira ka Firikgong a rogwa, 1863, a solofetsa kgololesego mo bathong ba ba neng ba dirilwe makgoba mo dikarolong tsotlhe tse di tsuologang tsa dikgaolo tsa Borwa tsa Kgolagano go akaretsa le Texas. Go diragadiwa ga kitsiso e go ne go beilwe mo go gateleng pele ga masole a Union. Texas, jaaka kgaolo e e kgakala thata ya Confederacy ya pele, e ne e bone go atologa ga bokgoba ka gonne go nna teng ga masole a Union go ne go le kwa tlase fa Ntwa ya Selegae ya Amerika e fela; ka jalo, go tsenngwa tirisong ga Kitsiso ya Kgololesego go ne go le bonya e bile go sa tlhomama koo pele ga taelo ya ga Granger. Ka Seetebosigo a le lesome le boferabongwe, 1865, e ne e le malatsi a le makgolo a ferabongwe morago ga gore Kitsiso ya Kgololesego e tsene mo tirisong, malatsi a le masome a supa le motso morago ga gore Robert E. Lee a ineele mo Kopanong ka Moranang a ferabongwe, 1865, le malatsi a le masome mabedi le bone morago ga go phatlaladiwa ga lephata la sesole la Confederate le le neng le akaretsa Texas ka Motsheganong a le masome mabedi le borataro ka 1865.

 Metswedi