Joseph Knight (lekgoba)

Joseph Knight (o o tshotsweng ka ngwaga wa 1769 a tlhokafala ka ngwaga wa 1778) e ne e le monna o a neng a  tsholetswe kwa lefatsheng la Guinea (leina kakaretso la bophirima jwa Aforika) mme a tshwarwa go dirwa lekgoba. Go lebega e le gore mokgweetsi wa sekepe se se mo isitseng kwa Jamaica o ne a mo rekisetsa John Wedderburn wa kwa Scotland. Wedderburn o ne a direlwa ke Knight mo ntlong ya gagwe, mme a tsamaya le ene fa a boela kwa Scotland ka ngwaga wa 1769. Fa Knight a tlogela tiro ya gagwe, Wedderburn o ne a mo tshwarisa a tsisiwa fa pele ga kgotlatshekelo ya kagiso.

Ka thotloetso ya tsheko ya ga Somersett ya ngwaga wa 1772 e dikgotlatshekelo di neng tsa itshwarelela di re ga go na bokgoba mo molaong wa Britain, Knight o ne a itsetsepela kgatlhanong le ene. Knight o ne a fenya tsheko ya gagwe morago ga go ikuela gabedi mo tshekong e e neng ya tlhoma molao wa gore molao wa Scotland ga o kake wa letlelela bokgoba (ntle le ele ba meepo,ba ba neng ba tshwanela go emela ngwaga wa 1799 pele ga ba ka gololwa).

 Botshelo jwa gagwe jwa pele 
Joseph Knight o ne a tsholetswe kwa Guinea, go ya ka maikuelo a a neng a  tsisitswe mo boemong jwa gagwe kwa kgotlatshekelong; ga go itsagale gore leina la gagwe la pele ke mang kgotsa o ne a tswa mo morafeng ofe. O ne a isiwa kwa Jamaica e sa ntse e le ngwana, kwa a neng a rekisediwa John Wedderburn wa Ballendean go nna lekgoba la gagwe.

 Knight kgatlhanong le Wedderburn 
Fa a le kwa Scotland, Knight o ena kolobediwa a bo a nyala Ann Thompson, motlhanka wa lolwapa lwa boora Wedderburn, o ba neng ba nna le ngwana a le mongwe mmogo. O ne a kopa, go nna le mosadi wa gagwe mo lolwapeng mme Wedderburna  gana. Morago ga gore Wedderburn a gane, Knight o ne a tlogela tiro. Wedderburn o supagala a ne a galefisiwa ke se, a ikutlwa e kare o file Knight dimpho tse dintsi ka go mo ruta le go mo tlhokomela, mme a mo tshwarisa. Ka ngwaga wa 1744, Knight o ne a tla ka kgang fa pele ga kgotlatshekelo ya kagiso kwa Perth, tsheko e e tla itsiweng jaaka Knight kgatlhanong le Wedderburn."Slavery, freedom or perpetual servitude? – the Joseph Knight case", National Archives of Scotland website feature, Retrieved 24 June 2025.

 Ikuelo kwa molaoding 
Fa kgotlatshekelo ya kagiso e ne e tsaya lotlhakore lwa ga Wedderburn, Knight o ne a ikuela kwa molaoding wa kwa Perth, John Swinton. O ne a fitlhela e le gore bokgoba ga bo ka fa molaong mo melaong ya bogosi joo, ebile ga bo tsamaelane le melao. Le gore melao ya Jamaica, e e amang makgoba, ga e anamele kwa bogosing jo.Whyte, Iain (21 June 2006). Scotland and the Abolition of Black Slavery, 1756-1838. p. 18. ISBN 9780748626991. Go nna kgatlhanong ga ga Knight kw a kgotlatshekelong, e ne ya nna katlholo ya go emisa bokgoba.National Archives, https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/pathways/blackhistory/rights/transcripts/somerset_case.htm

Ditsela tsa ka fa ba ba tsereng ngwana o go tswa lefatsheng la ga bone ga di istiwe, ka molao wa kwa Jamaica o sena patlisis ya kgang eo. Mme gore a o utsulwe, a o tserwe mo batsaing ba gagwe, molato o a tshwana.  Gore bokgoba go amogetswe mo mafatshe a mangwe, ga go ree gore ga go molato. Polao ya ngwana, le melato e mengwe e e tseneletseng, di letleletswe ke melao ya mafsteh a a farologaneng. Kgatelelo, le mefuta yotlhe ya go gatelelwa, e ka otlhaelwa ka mabaka a a tshwanang. 

 Ikuelo kwa kgotlatshekelong 
Ka ngwaga wa 1777, Wedderburn o ne a ikuela kwa kgotlatshekelong ya Scotland kwa Edinburgh a supa fa Knighta  santse a mo kolota ditirelo mme a ka nna a tsewa mo go ene ka dikgoka a busediwa kwa Jamaica. Tsheko e e ne y tla fa pele ga baatlhodi ba le lesome le bobedi (jaaka go ne go tlwaelesegile nako eo) ba akaretsa Lord Kames, moitseanape wa ditso le molao.

Babueledi ba ga Knight e ne e le Allan Maconchie (o morago a tla nnang moatlhodi Meadowbank), John Maclaurin (o morago a tla nnang moatlhodi Dreghorn) le Andrew Crosbie. Henry Dundas, le ene e ne e le mongwe wa ba setlhopha sa ga knight, e le mmueledi. Ba ka tswa ba thusitswe mo pakanyong ya bone ke James Boswell. "Ke ka se leletse mogolokwane puo ya ga Mr. Henry Dundas go gaisa fa", Boswell o ne a bua jalo, "ke dumalana gore potso e e maleba e e nkgatlhile."J. A. Lovat-Fraser (1916). Henry Dundas, Viscount Melville. Cambridge. p. 3. Ngangisano e ne e le gore "ga gona motho o e leng motho wa mongwe", le gore le ntswa molao wa Jamaica o lemoga bokgoba, seo ga se ka ke sa anamela kwa Scotland. Setlhopha sa babueledi ba ga Wedderburn se ne sa nganga gore dikgatlhego tsa thekiso tsa Scotland di tshwanetse go tswelella, mo go dirang gore Scotland a phophome go tshwanetse ga tsweledisiwa.

Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya tsweledisa tshwetso ya ga molaodi ka ditalama di robabobedi kgatlhanong le tse nne, tshwetso e  e ne e re, "Bokgoba ga bo lemogiwe ke melao ya bogosi jo, ga bo anamele mo bogosing jo, ebile ke gantsa dikgang tsa go tsweledisa tiro". Ka jalo e ne ya gana ikuelo ya ga Wedderburn. Lord Kames o ne a supa gore "re nnetse fa go diragatsa ditshwanelo eseng go diragatsa molato". Rragwe Boswell ebong Lord Auchinlek o ne a re "le ntswa kwa dipolasing ba tshwere batho bantsho, ba ba dirile makgoba, mme ga ke dumalane gore a se se a dumelesega mo sethong, le mo tumelong ya SeKeresete.. A monna ke lekgoba ka gore o montsho? Nnyaa. Ke morwaarona; ke motho, le ntswa e se wa mmala wa rona; o mo lefatsheng la kgololesego, le mosadi wa gagwe le ngwana: mo tlogeleng a nne koo." Kgotlatshekelo ka jalo e ne ya re:

taolo e e teng mo motho montshong o, mo molaong wa Jamaica, go sa nne le tshiamo, ga go letlelesege mo lefatsheng le ka mokgwa ope fela. Ka jalo, moganetsi o ne a sena tetla epe ya tirelo ya motho montsho o ka nako epe, kana go mo romela kwa ntle ga lefatshe kgatlhanong le tumalano ya gagwe. Motho montsho o, o sireleditswe mo molaong wa 1701 go ka ntshiwa mo lefatsheng le ntle le tumalano ya gagwe.

Ka jalo, bokgoba bo ne jwa se ka jwa lemogiwa ke molao wa Scotlandd. makgoba a batswakwaa ne a ka sirelediwa ke dikgotlatshekelo fa ba ne ba eletsa go tlogela ditiro tsa mo gae kgotsa ba gana maiteko a go ba busetsa kwa dikoloneng tsa bokgoba.Court of Session, unextracted processes, National Archives of Scotland (reference CS235/K/2/2).

 Botshelo jwa morago 
Knight o ne a lemogiwa e le monna o o gololesegileng. Mosadi wa gagwe o ne a berekela Wedderburn e le motlhanka, mme o ne a mo koba morago ga lonyalo lwa bone. Ka nako e, Knight le lolwapa lwa gagwe ba nyelela mo dipegong; ga go na sepe se sengwe se se itseweng ka matshelo a bone kgotsa dintsho tsa bone.Oliver, Neil (2010). A History of Scotland. London: Phoenix. ISBN 978-0753826638.

 Boswa jo a bo tlogetseng 
Ka ngwaga wa 2022, kgwei ya Morule, Sir Geoff Palmer le tautona wa kgotlatshekelo, Lord Carloway,  ba ne ba apola mokwalo wa segopotso sa tsheko ya ngwaga wa 1788, e  e neng e tsaya tshwetso ya gore bokgoba ga bo tsamaelane le molao wa Scotland."Scotland's slavery role cannot be glossed over, Lord Carloway says". BBC News. 6 December 2022. Retrieved 24 June 2025

 Mo ditsong tsa botaki le botshelo jwa letsatsi le letsatsi 

 Joseph Knight ke padi ya ngwaga wa 2003 e e ikaegileng ka monna o a neng a gololwa le tsheko ya gagwe, e e kwadilweng ke James Robertson e gatisitswe ke Fourth Estate Ltd.Ali Smith (7 June 2003). "It's slavery that biggit this fine hoose". The Guardian. Retrieved 24 June 2025.
 Motshameko wa seromamowa wa Tsheko ya ga Joseph Knight, o o kwadilweng ke May Sumbwanyambe, o ne wa tshamekiwa ke seromamowa sa BBC 4 ka Phukwi a le lesome le bobedi ngwaga wa 2018, Nana Amoo-Gottfried a tshameka Knight, Ron Donachie a tshameka Wedderburn."The Trial of Joseph Knight". BBC. Retrieved 24 June 2025.

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