Pego ya go kgobokanya dintlha ka lefatshe la DRC

Pego ya go kgobokanya dintlha ka lefatshe la DRC, kgotsa pego ya UN"Democratic Republic of the Congo, 1993-2003 UN Mapping Report". United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights. Retrieved 30 June 2025."Report of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights on the situation of human rights and the activities of her Office in the Democratic Republic of the Congo" (PDF). United Nations. Retrieved 30 June 2025 e e kgobokanyang dintlha ka lefatshe la Democratic Republic of the Congo ya ngwaga wa 1993 go tsena ka 2003, ke pego ya lekgotla la United Nations kwa Democratic Republic of the Congo morago ga ditlhaselo le ntwa e e diragetseng gareng ga kgwedi ya Mopitlo le Seetebosigo ngwaga wa 2003.UN releases D.R. Congo report listing 10 years of atrocities, identifying justice options Maikaelelo a yone e ne e le go kgobokanya ditsuololo tse di masisi tsa ditshwanelo tsa setho, ga mmogo le tsuololo ya molao wa mafatshefatshe wa setho, kwa Democratic Republic of the Congo. Ka go dira se, e ne e tlaa sekaseka bokgoni jwa puso jwa go bereka le ditsuololo tse tsa ditshwanelo tsa setho le go tswa ka ditselana tsa go thusa puso ya Democratic Republic of the Congo go batla methale ya go lepalepana le ditsuololo tse. E ne e na le ditsebe di le makgolo a matlhano le masome a matlhano ebile e na le ditlhaloso tsa ditiragalo tsa dikgoka di le makgolo a marataro, lesome le bosupa."DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO 1993-2003 UN Mapping Report - What is the "DRC Mapping Exercise?" – Objectives, methodology and time frame" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-09-17. Retrieved 30 June 2025.

Kgobokanyo e e ne ya simolola ka 2008, ka babaereki ba le masome a mararo le boraro ba bereka kwa Democratic Republic of the Congo ba akaretsa baitseanape ba ditshwanelo tsa setho le batho ba kwa Congo. Pego e e e isitswe kwa ofising ya molaodi wa ditshwanelo Navi Pillay ka ngwaga wa 2009."DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO 1993-2003 UN Mapping Report - What is the "DRC Mapping Exercise?" – Objectives, methodology and time frame" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-09-17. Retrieved 30 June 2025.

Pego e e na le tshupo e e tseneletseng ya tlhaselo ya kampa ya Hutu ya batshabi kwa botlhaba jwa Congo ka tshimologo ya ntwa ya ntlha ya Congo ka Phalane ngwaga wa 1996, e salwa morago ke go lelekwa ga batshabi ba nna sekete kwa Hutu le beng gae ke masome a Rwanda, Burundi le Uganda, ga mmogo le ditsoulodi tsa kwa Congo tsa bokopano jwa sesole go golola Congo.Mapping Exercise Report: Involvement of neighbouring states Archived 2011-08-29 at the Wayback Machine

 Dintlha tse di amang kgang e 
Morago ga go bonwa ga mabitla a mararo a boidiidi jwa batho kwa botlhaba jwa Democratic republic of Congo (DRC) ngwaga wa 2005 o ya fifing, lekgotla la United Nations le ne la itsise ka maikaelelo a lone a go romela setlhopha sa lone sa ditshwanelo tsa setho go dira ditshekatsheko, dipatlisiso le go kgobokanya dintlha mo pegong ya Seetebosigo ngwaga wa 2006 go ya kwa khanseleng ya tshireletso. Ka Motsheganong ngwaga wa 2007, mokwaledi wa UN Ban Ki-moon o ne a tlhomamisa mabaka a go dira kgobokanyo e morago ga metseletsele ya dipuisano mo makgotleg a a tshwanetseng le bapati le puso ya kwa Congo.RDC Projet Mapping Exercise

Kgobokanyo e e simologile semmuso ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e le lesome le bosupa ngwaga wa 2008, ka go goroga ga moeteledipele wa setlhopha kwa Kinshasa. Gareng ga dikgwedi tsa Phalane ngwaga wa 2008 le Motsheganong 2009, babereki ba le masome a mararo le boraro ba ne ba bereka mo kgobokanyong e kwa DRC, ba akaretsa batho ba Congo le baitseanape ba ditshwanelo tsa setho. Mo go bone, babereki ba le masome a mabedi ba ne ba anamisiwa le lefatshe, ba berekela kwa ntle ga diofisi tse tlhano, go kgobokanya dintlha go tswa mo basuping go fitlhelela maikaelelo a mararo a a tlhalosistweng mo mabakeng. Pego e ne ya neelwa molaodi mogolo wa ditshwanelo tsa setho Navi Pillay ka Seetebosigo a le lesome le botlhano ngwaga wa 2009, go lebelela, go akgela le go feleletsa.

 Ditsela tsa tshekatsheko 
Pego ya setlhopha ya ditsebe tse di makgolo matlhano le masome a mathano, e na le ditlhaloso tsa ditiragalo di le makgolo a marataro, lesome le bosupa tsa tiriso dikgoka tse di diragetseng kwa DRC gareng ga Mopitlo 1993 le Seetebosigo 2003. Nngwe le nngwe ya ditiragalo tse, e supa fa tsuololo e e tlhwaafetseng ya ditshwanelo tsa setho kgotsa ditlhaselo e ka tswa e diragetse. Nngwe  le nngwe ya ditiragalo tse e tshegeditswe ke metswedi e e ikemetseng e le mebedi e e supilweng mopegong. Ditokomane di feta sekete le makgolo a matlhano tse di amanang le go tsuololwa ga ditshwanelo tsa setho ka nako eo di ne tsa phuthiwa tsa bo tsa kanokiwa ka maikaelello a go ditlhomaganya ka kgaolo e e nang le botsuolodi bo bontsi jo bo dirilweng. Ditiragalo tse di fitlhelelang seelo se se neng se beilwe ke tsone fela di neng di lebelelwa. Ditlhopha tse di neng di berekela kwa ntle ga diofisi di ne tsa kopana le basupi ba ka nna sekete, makgolo a mabedi, masome a robabobedi, go supa kgotsa go ganetsa botsuolodi bo bo kwadilweng. Dintlha di ne tsa tsewa mo melatong ya pele e e neng e sa kwalwa.

Ditokomame di le sekete le makgolo a matlhano di ne tsa sekasekwa, dingwe tsa tsone e le tsa sephiri, di ne tsa phuthiwa go tswa mo metsweding ee farologaneng, e akaretsa lekgotla la Unted Nations, puso ya kwa Congo, batho ba merafe ya kwa Congo le makgotla a magolo a ditshwanelo tsa setho, metswedi ya dikgang ya mo gae le mafatshe ka bophara, batho ba ba ikemetseng le baitseanape ba mo gae le ba mafatshe, le bone ba ne ba botsolosiwa go ntsha ditsela tse dišha tsa patlisiso, go kgobokanya dintlha le go amanya ditshekatsheko.

 Maikaelelo le maikemisetso 
Pego e supa gore setlhopha se se neng se batlisisa se ne se sa itebaganya le go dira ditlhotlhomiso tse di tsenelesteng kgotsa go batla bosupi jo bo ka dirisiwang fa pele ga kgotlatshekelo mme ba baya pele tse di ka dirisiwang go dira tshekatsheko ya ntlha ka go ela tlhoko bokete jwa ditlhaselo, go ela tlhoko methale le go nna le kaelo ya metswedi ka bosupi.

Tiragalo e e eteletswe pele ke molaodi wa ditshwanelo tsa setho wa United Nations ka thuso ya madi a a kanang ka didikadike di le tharo tsa di dolara tsa America, e ne e na le maikaelelo a mararo:Terms of Reference of the DRC Mapping Exercise Team[permanent dead link]

 Go kgobokanya dintlha ka botsuolodi jo bo masisi jwa ditshwanelo tsa setho le melao ya setho ya mafatshe kwa kgaolong ya DRC gareng ga dikgwedi tsa mopitlo 1993 le Seetebosigo 2003.
 Go sekaseka kgonagalo e e leng teng ya molao go dira se se tshwanetseng ka tlolo molao wa ditshwanelo tsa setho.
 Go lebelela ditsela tse di farologaneng tse di ikaeletseng go thusa puso ya DRC go supa methale ya go fedisa botsuolodi bo ka boammaruri, tshiamo, pusetso le paakanyo ba etse tlhoko maiteko a babusi ba DRC ga mogo le kemo nokeng ya setšhaba ka kakaretso.

Maikaelelo a tiragalo e, a a sa tshwaneng le makgotla a a botsolosang a a nang le maikaelelo a go supa dirukutlhi le gore ba tsee maikarabelo a ditiro tsa bone, maikaelelo a tiragalo e e ne e se go supa ba ba tsaya maikarabelo, mme maikaelelo a yone e ne e le go supa masisi a botsuolodi bo bo dirilweng, ka go rotloetsa tsela ya go emisa go diragala ga tsone gape. Pego e mme e supa ditlhopha tse di neng di tshwere dibetsa tse ditsuolodi e leng bontlha jwa tsone., ka go ne go le maleba go supa ditlhopha tse gore go bonwe molao o o ka salwang morago. Dintlha ka batho ba ba dirileng bosula bo ga di tlhagelele mo pegong mme di beilwe ka sephiri kwa molaoding wa ditshwanelo tsa setho. Le fa go ntse jalo, ba ba tshwerweng le ba ba setseng ba sekisitswe ba boletswe mo pegong. Maina le one a kwadilwe kwa matona a puso a rotloetsa kgotsa a kgatlhanong le melato e e kwadilweng.Human Right Watch - DR Congo: Q & A on the United Nations Human Rights Mapping Report

 Nako e e akareditsweng 
Pego e e kwadilwe ka go tlhomagana, e supa dinako di le nne mo ditsong tsa DRC:

 Mopitlo 1993, go tsena Seetebosigo 1996: e supa botsuolodi bo bo dirilweng mo dingwageng tsa bofelo tsa puso ya ga tautona Mobutu Sese Seko, e tshwaiwa ke go retelela ga tsamaiso ya go sa buse ka puso ya batho ka batho  le ditlamorago tse di setlhogo tsa ntwa ya kwa Rwanda kwa kgaolong ya Zaire, bogolo jang kwa dikgaolong tsa bokone jwa Kivu le borwa jwa Kivu. Ka nako e, ditiragalo di le masome a mane di ne tsa kwalwa.
 Phukwi 1996, go tsena Phukwi 1998: Nako ya bobedi e supa botsuolodi bo bo dirilweng ka ntwa ya ntlha ya kwa Congo le ngwaga wa ntlha wa puso ya ga tautona Laurent-Desire Kabila. Nako e e na le palo e ntsi thata ya ditiragalo (makgolo a mabedi, masome a mararo le borobabobedi) mo dingwageng tseo.
 Phatwe 1998 go stena Firikgong 2000: nako ya boraro e ama go kgobokanngwa ga botsuolodi bo bo dirilweng fa ntwa ya Congo e simologa ka Phatwe 1998 le loso lwa ga tautona Kabila. Nako e e akaretsa ditiragalo di le makgolo a mabedi ebile e supiwa ka go tsenelela kwa kgaolong ya puso ya DRC ga masole a a neng a tshotse dibetsa ba mafatshe a a farologaneng.
 Firikgong 2001 go tsena ka Seetebosigo 2003: nako ya bofelo e supa ditiragalo di le lekgolo, masome a mararo le boferabongwe tse di dirilweng ntwa go dumalanwe go emisa ntwa le go ragogisiwa ga dipuisano tsa kagiso go baakanyetsa nako ya phetogo ya Seetebosigo a le malatsi a a masome a mararo ngwaga wa 2003.

 Dikgakololo tsa pego 

 Tshiamo 
Pego ya UN ya go kgobokanya dintlha e gakolotse go tlhamiwa ga mothale wa puso ootlhakaneng o na le beng gae le ba mafatshe a sele e le tsela ya go diragatsa tshiamo go rarabolola melato ya mafatshe e e dirilweng kwa DRC. Ga e a ntsha dikgakololo tse di tlhomameng ka mokgwa wa ditsela tseo, kgotsa ka fa e tla berekang ka teng.Amnesty USA: The Time for Justice is Now Archived 30 June 2025 at the Wayback Machine

Ditsela le mofuta wa kgotlatshekelo eo di tshwanetse go dirwa ka go buisana le botlhe ba ba amegang, ga mmogo le batswasetlhabelo ba ba amegang...tsamaiso ya mofuta o e tshwanetse gore dirisa molao wa mafatshefatshe go tsamaelana le melato ya mafatshefatshe, e akaretsa maikarabelo a bagolwane mo dilong tse di dirilweng ke ba ba ba berekelang; e tshwanetse go ntsha katlholo ya kgotlatshekelo, mme e ame batho botlhe ba ba dirileng melato e, kwa go nang le beng gae kgotsa batswakwa.

 Go batla nnete le dipusetso 
Go tlhomamisa gore batho ba Congo ba na le tshwanelo ya boammaruri mo melatong yotlhe e e tseneletseng ya go tsuolola ditshwanelo tsa setho, pego e supa fa go tlhama komiti e ntšha ya boammaruri go ka thusa go supa maikarabelo a metheo, sepolotiki, sesole le maikarabelo a mangwe; go sireletsa bosupi, go supa ba ba dirileng molato, go gakolola ka ditsela tsa go fetoga, le go fa batho dirala tse ba ka buang ka matshenyego a bone.Mapping Report: Transitional justice options Archived 2011-12-26 at the Wayback Machine

Go ya ka palo e ntsi ya batswasetlhabelo, pego e ya re tsela e e tseneletseng ya go bua ka dipusetso e a tlhokafala, e supa gape gore puso ya kwa Congo e tshwanetse go nna ya ntlha go ntsha seabe. Mme gape e supa maikarabelo a mafatshe a mangwe a a amegang mo kgotlhang e e bo e supa le gore batho le makgotla a pereko aa tsuolotseng DRC le ditswammung tsa kefatshe leo ka nako ya kgotlhang ba tshwanetse go gwetlhiwa go duela phimolo dikeledi fa ba ka fitlhelwa ba tsere seabe mo kgotlhang e.

 Molato wa kganyaolo 
Pego e supa fa go le botlhokwa go dira tshekatsheko ya molao go sedimosa ditiragalo tse di begiwleng ka ngwaga wa 1996 go tsena wa 1997. Tshekatsheko e o le tshwetso ya semolao ke tsone fela di ka nnang mo maemong a go tsaya tshwetso ya gore a ditiragalo tse di lekana le molato wa kganyaolo.

Pego e ya kgobokanyo dintlha e supile fa potso ya gore a ditiro tse dintsi tsa tiriso dikgoka tse di dirilweng kgatlhanong le batho ba Huru (beng gae le batswakwa) di akaretsa melato ya kganyaolo e gapile dikakgelo tse di rileng ebile gompieno ga e ise e rarabololwe. Pego e e gatelela gangwe le gape gore potso e e ka rarabololwa ke kgotlatshekelo go ya ka bosupi jo bo tseneletseng. Le fa go ntse jalo, ditlhaselo tse tsa gangw le gape tse di tlhalositsweng mo pegong e, di upolola palo ya ditiragalo tse fa di ka isiwa fa pele ga kgotlatshekelo di ka supiwa e le melato ya kganyaolo.The Telegraph: UN releases Congo genocide reportRukundo, Olivier [1] A Hutu Survivor Testimony

Dintlha dinwge di ka baka gore kgotlatshekelo e nne maoto a tshupa go tsaya tshwetso ka go nna teng ga kganyaolo, jaaka kgang ya gore ka Ngwanatsele ngwaga wa 1996 a le lesome le botlhano, batho ba kwa Rwanda ba morafe wa Hutu ba le dikete di le mmalwa ba ba neng ba falotse tlhaselo, ba ne ba busediwa kwa Rwanda ka thuso ya babusi ba AFDL/APR le gore makgolo a dikete tsa batho ba Rwanda ba morafe wa Hutu ba ne ba kgona go boela kwa Rwanda ka tumalano ya babusi ba kwa Rwanda pele ga tshimologo ya ntwa ya ntlha.Reuters: More Rwandan Hutu Refugees in Zaire Flown Home Le ntswa ditlhaselo ste di sa tlola basadi le bana, mo mafelong mangwe, kwa tshimologong ya ntwa ya ntlha, basadi le bana ba morafe wa Hutu ba ne ba farologantswe le banna, mme banna ya nna bone fela ba ba bolailweng.

 Kakanyetso ya pego e e ntshitsweng e ise e nne nako 
Kakanyetso ya ntlha ya pego e ne ya ntshiwa e se ka fa tetlelelong ke pamiri ya dikgang ya kwa France ya Le Monte ka Phatwe a le masome mabedi le bosupa,Le Monde: L'acte d'accusation de dix ans de crimes au Congo RDC e baka dikgogakgogano ka e ne e bega gore ditlhopha tsa ditsuolodi tsa kwa Congo, masole a kwa Uganda (ga mmogo le a Burundi, Angola le a mangwe) a ne a tsuolotse ditshwanelo tsa setho. Ntlha e e neng e baka dikganetsano thata mo pegong e ne e bua ka kgonagalo ya gore masole a a tsotsheng dibetsa a Rwanda le balekane ba one ba selegae ba ka tswa ba dirile ditiro, tse di ka nnang ditlolomolao tsa polao ya semorafe kgatlhanong le baagi ba morafe wa Mahutu ba ba tshabang mo lefatsheng ka go tshaba go ipusolosetsa.DR Congo killings 'may be genocide' - UN draft report Go ne go na le matshwenyego kwa Lekgotleng la DitshabaUN Upset by Premature Leak of DRC Report tsa gore Rwanda e ka nna ya fedisa go tsaya karolo ga yona mo ditirong tsa go boloka kagiso e le tsibogelo ya go gololwa semmuso ga pego.Ban urges Rwanda not to withdraw UN peacekeepers Bakwadi ba pego ba supile fa ba tshwenyegile gore puo ya “polao ya semorafe” e ka nna ya fokotswa boleng pele fa go gatisiwa ga tokomane e ga semmuso, ka jalo ba ne ba bona go tlhokega gore pego e e dutle go sireletsa bothokgami jwa pego e. 

 Diphitlhelelo tsa botlhokwa tsa pego e 
Go lebega go rulaganngwa ga ditlolomolao tse go raya gore dintsho tse dintsintsi ga di ka ke tsa amana le dikotsi tsa dintwa tsa ntlha le tsa bobedi tsa Congo kgotsa tsa bonwa di lekana le tshenyo e e sa ikaelelwang.The Spiegel.de:Hell on Earth: The UN Documents Congo's Bloodbath E nopotswe Seetebosigo a le masome mararo ka 2025. Bontsi jwa batswasetlhabelo e ne e le bana, basadi, bagodi le balwetsi, ba ba neng ba se matshosetsi ape mo masoleng a a tlhaselang."ICC Observers: UN Report on Rwanda Genocide and DRC Sparks Controversy". Archived from the original on 2012-04-25. E nopotswe Seetebosigo a le masome mararo ka 2025. Ditlhaselo tse dintsi tse di masisi mo bothokgaming jwa mmele kgotsa jwa tlhaloganyo jwa maloko a setlhopha le tsone di ne tsa dirwa, ka palo e e kwa godimo thata ya Mahutu e e neng ya thuntshiwa, ya betelelwa, ya fisiwa kgotsa ya itewa.UNOHCHR: Mapping Report: War Crimes, Crimes against Humanity and Genocide Archived 2011-12-26 at the Wayback Machine. E nopotswe Seetebosigo a le masome mararo ka 2025. Dipalo tse dintsi thata tsa batswasetlhabelo di ne tsa patelesega go tshaba le go tsamaya sekgala se seleele go tshaba batho ba ba neng ba ba lelekisa, ba ba neng ba leka go ba bolaya. Go tsoma go ne ga tsaya dikgwedi di le dintsi, mme ga felela ka dintsho tsa palo e e sa itsiweng ya batho ba ba neng ba le mo maemong a botshelo a a setlhogo, a a senang setho le a a nyenyefatsang, ba sa fitlhelele dijo kgotsa melemo. Mo makgetlhong a le mmalwa, thuso ya botho e e neng e diretswe bone e ne ya thibelwa ka bomo, segolobogolo kwa kgaolong ya Orientale, ya ba amoga thuso e e botlhokwa ya go ka kgona go tshela.Leaked UN report cites 'genocide' in DR Congo[permanent dead link]"U.N. report accuses Rwanda of massacre in Congo". Archived from the original on 2011-11-21. E nopotswe Seetebosigo a le masome mararo ka 2025.

Dingwe tsa diphitlhelelo tse di botlhokwa tsa pegelo e e kwadilweng ke tse:.UN DR Congo 'genocide' draft report - key excerpts E nopotswe Seetebosigo a le masome mararo ka 2025.

Temana ya Makgolo matlhano, lesome le bobedi. Ditlhaselo tse di rulagantsweng, segolobogolo dipolao le kganyaolo tse di dirilweng kgatlhanong le maloko a morafe wa Mahutu, di tlhalosiwa thata mo karolong ya I ya pego. Ditlhaselo tseo di ne tsa felela ka palo e ntsi thata ya batswasetlhabelo, gongwe e le maloko a le dikete di le masomesome a morafe wa Mahutu, merafe yotlhe e kopantswe. Mo bontsing jwa dikgetsi tse di begilweng, e ne e se kgang ya batho ba ba bolailweng e se ka bomo fa ntwa e ntse e tsweletse, mme e ne e le batho ba ba neng ba tlhophilwe thata ke AFDL [ditsuolodi tsa Congo tse di neng di eteletswe pele ke Laurent Kabila, yo o neng a nna tautona ka 1997]/APR [sesole sa Rwanda]/FAB [sesole sa Burundi] mme sa bolaya makgolokgolo a bone, go le gantsi ka dibetsa tse di metswi.

Temana ya Makgolo matlhano, lesome le boraro. Ka nako ya ditiragalo tse di akarediwang mo pegong e, batho ba Mahutu kwa Zaire, go akaretsa le batshabi ba ba tswang kwa Rwanda, ba ne ba dira setlhopha sa morafe jaaka go tlhalosiwa mo Tumalanong ya go Thibela le go Otlhaya Bokebekwa jwa Polao ya Semorafe. Mo godimo ga moo, jaaka go bontshitswe pelenyana, maikaelelo a go senya setlhopha ka bontlhabongwe bo lekane gore bo tsewe e le tlolomolao ya polao ya semorafe. Kwa bofelong, dikgotlatshekelo gape di tlhomamisitse gore go senngwa ga setlhopha go ka nna fela mo lefelong le le rileng. Ka jalo go a kgonega go bolela gore, le fa e le karolo fela ya baagi ba Mahutu kwa Zaire e e neng e lebisitswe ya ba ya senngwa, le fa go ntse jalo e ne e ka nna tlolomolao ya polao ya semorafe, fa e le gore seo e ne e le maikaelelo a badirabosula. Kwa bokhutlong, ditiragalo di le mmalwa tse di kwadilweng le tsone di lebega di tlhomamisa gore ditlhaselo tse dintsintsi tse di ne di lebisitswe kwa malokong a morafe wa Mahutu ka tsela eo.

Le fa, ka dinako tse di rileng, batlhasedi ba ne ba re ba batla dikebekwa tse di ikarabelang mo polaong ya semorafe e e dirilweng kgatlhanong le Matutsi kwa Rwanda ka 1994, bontsi jwa ditiragalo tse di begilweng di supa gore Mahutu a ne a tlhophilwe jalo, go se na tlhaolele fa gare ga bone. Ditlhaselo tse dintsintsi kgatlhanong le Mahutu kwa Zaire, ba e neng e se karolo ya batshabi, go lebega di tlhomamisa gore e ne e le Mahutu otlhe, ka jalo, a a neng a tlhaselwa. Ditlolomolao tse di dirilweng segolobogolo kwa Rutshuru (Phalane a le masome mararo 1996) le Mugogo (Ngwanaatsele a le lesome le boferabongwe1996), kwa Kivu Bokone, di bontsha gore Mahutu a ne a tlhophilwe ka tlhamalalo, ka gonne batho ba ba neng ba kgona go tlhotlheletsa batlhasedi gore ke ba morafe o sele ba ne ba gololwa pelenyana fela ga dipolao tseo. Tiriso e e rulagantsweng ya dikgoreletsi ke AFDL/APR/FAB, segolobogolo kwa borwa jwa Kivu, e ne ya dira gore ba kgone go lemoga batho ba ba lesika la Mahutu ka leina la bone kgotsa ka motse o ba tswang kwa go one mme ka jalo ba ba fedise. Ka jalo go akanngwa gore batho ba le makgolokgolo ba lesika la Mahutu ba ne ba tshwarelwa kwa sekgoreletsing se se neng se agilwe ka Ngwanaatsele 1996 kwa Ngwenda, mo kgaolong ya Rutshuru, mme morago ga moo ba bolawa ka go itewa ka dithupa kwa lefelong le le bidiwang Kabaraza. Kwa borwa jwa Kivu, masole a AFDL/APR/FAB a ne a aga dikgoreletsi di le dintsi mo lebaleng la Ruzizi go thibela batshabi ba Rwanda le Burundi ba ba neng ba phatlaladitswe morago ga gore dikampa tsa bone di tlhatlhamololwe.

Temana ya Makgolo matlhano, lesome le bone. Ditiragalo di le mmalwa tse di kwadilweng mo pegong e di supa maemo le dintlha tse kgotlatshekelo e neng e ka ntsha maikaelelo a go senya setlhopha sa morafe wa Mahutu kwa DRC ka bontlhabongwe, fa e le gore tseno di ne di ka tlhomamisiwa go feta pelaelo epe e e utlwalang. Sa ntlha, selekanyo sa ditlolomolao le palo e kgolo ya batswasetlhabelo di bontshiwa ke ditiragalo tse dintsi tse di tlhalositsweng fa godimo. Tiriso e e tseneletseng ya dibetsa tse di nang le dintlha (bogolo jang dihamole) le polao e e rulagantsweng ya bafalodi, go akaretsa le basadi le bana, morago ga gore dikampa di tsewe, di bontsha gore dintsho tse dintsintsi ga di ka ke tsa amanngwa le dikotsi tsa ntwa kgotsa tsa bonwa di lekana le tshenyo ya e sa ikaelelwang. Mofuta wa thulaganyo wa ditlhaselo tse di kwadilweng kgatlhanong le Mahutu le one o a tlhagelela: Ditlhaselo tseo di ne tsa diragala mo lefelong lengwe le lengwe le batshabi ba neng ba supilwe mo go lone ke AFDL/APR, mo lefelong le legolo la lefatshe. Segolobogolo kwa Kivu Bokone le kwa Kivu Borwa mme gape le kwa dikgaolong tse dingwe, gantsi dipolao tseno di ne di simolola ka tsietso ya dikarolo tsa AFDL/APR, tse di neng di bitsa batswasetlhabelo kwa dikopanong ka seipato sa go buisana ka go busediwa ga bone kwa Rwanda mo kgannyeng ya batshabi, kgotsa go ba itsise kwa bogoding jwa dikgaolo tse disha tsa MaHutu mo go ba ba neng ba setse ba nna mo kgaolong eo, kana go ba fa dijo.

Morago ga moo, ba ba neng ba le teng ba ne ba bolawa ka thulaganyo. Dikgetse tsa mofuta o di netefaditswe kwa kgaolong ya Kivu Bokone kwa Musekera, Rutshuru le Kiringa (Phalane 1996), Mugogo le Kabaraza (Ngwanaatsele 1996), Hombo, Katoyi, Kausa, Kifuruka, Kinigi, Musenge, Mutiko le Nyakariba (Sedimonthole 1996), Kibumba le Kabizo (Moranang 1997) le Mushangwe (ka bo Phatwe 1997); kwa kgaolong ya Kivu Borwa kwa Rushima le Luberizi (Phalane 1996), Cotonco le Chimanga (Ngwanaatsele 1996) le Mpwe (Tlhakole 1997) le kwa tseleng ya Shabunda-Kigulube (Tlhakole - Moranang 1997); kwa kgaolong ya Orieentale kwa Kisangani le kwa Bengamisa (Motsheganong le Seetebosigo 1997); kwa Maniema kwa Kalima (Mopitlo 1997) le kwa Équateur kwa Boende (Moranang 1997). Ditiro tse di ntseng jalo eleruri di akantsha gore go ne go akanyeditswe go sa le gale le mokgwa o o tlhomameng. Mo kgaolong e e kwa borwa jwa toropo ya Walikale, kwa Kivu Bokone (Firikgong 1997), Mahutu a Rwanda a ne a bolawa letsatsi le letsatsi mo mafelong a a neng a setse a le ka fa tlase ga taolo ya AFDL/APR e le karolo ya letsholo le le neng le lebega le lebile mahutu ape fela a a nnang mo lefelong le go buiwang ka lone.

Temana ya Makgolo matlhano, lesome le botlhano. Dipolao di le mmalwa tse di kwadilweng di ne tsa dirwa go sa kgathalesege gore batho ba ba bolailweng ke ba dingwaga di le kae kgotsa ba bong bofe. Se ke nnete segolobogolo mo ditlolomolaong tse di dirilweng kwa Kibumba (Phalane 1996), Mugunga le Osso (Ngwanaatsele 1996), Hombo le Biriko (Sedimonthole 1996) kwa kgaolong ya Kivu Bokone, Kashusha le Shanje (Ngwanaatsele 1996) kwa kgaolong ya Kivu Borwa, Tingi-Tingi le Lubutu (Mopitlo 1997), le Boende (Moranang 1997) kwa kgaolong ya Equateur, kwa bontsi jo bogolo jwa batswasetlhabelo e neng e le basadi le bana. Mo godimo ga moo, ga go a ka ga dirwa maiteko ape a go dira pharologanyo fa gare ga Mahutu a e neng e le maloko a pele a FAR/Interahamwe [sesole se se neng se le kwa morago ga polao ya semorafe kwa Rwanda ka 1994] le baagi ba Mahutu, e ka tswa e le batshabi kgotsa nnyaa.

Tlwaelo eno ya go kopanya Mahutu otlhe mmogo le go "ba penta ka boratshe jo bo tshwanang" gape e bontshiwa ke dipolelo tse di dirilweng ka nako ya "dipuo tsa go lemosa batho" tse di dirilweng ke AFDL/APR mo mafelong a a rileng, tse go ya ka tsone Mohutu mongwe le mongwe yo o sa ntseng a le teng kwa Zaire a tshwanetseng go bo e le modirabosula wa "polao ya batho ba le bantsi", ka batshhabi ba "mmannete" ba ne ba setse ba boetse kwa Rwanda. "Dipuo tseo tsa go lemosa batho" tse di dirilweng kwa North Kivu le tsone di ne tsa rotloetsa baagi go batla, go bolaya kgotsa go thusa go bolaya batshabi ba Mahutu ba Rwanda, ba ba neng ba ba bitsa "dikolobe". Mofuta ono wa puo o ne o tla dirisiwa gantsi mo nakong ya ditiragalo mo kgaolong e.

Temana ya Makgolo matlhano, lesome borataro: Dipolao tsa batho ba le bantsi kwa Mbandaka le Wendji, tse di dirilweng ka Motsheganong a le lesome le boraro 1997 kwa kgaolong ya Équateur, dikilometara di feta dikete tse pedi kwa bophirima jwa Rwanda, e ne e le kgato ya bofelo ya go tsoma batshabi ba mahutu e e neng e simolotse kwa botlhaba jwa Zaire, kwa Kivu Bokone le Borwa, ka Phalane 1996. Mo gare batshabi go ne go na bangwe ba pele ba FAR/Interahamwe, ba ba neng ba amogiwa dibetsa ke sepodisi sa selegae fela fa ba goroga. Go sa kgathalesege sengwe le sengwe, AFDL/APR e ne ya thuntsha makgolokgolo a batshabi ba Mahutu ba ba neng ba sa kgone go iphemela, mme seo sa felela ka gore go nne le batho ba le bantsi ba ba bolailweng.

Temana ya Makgolo matlhano, lesome le bosupa Ditlhaselo tse di rulagantsweng le tse di anameng, tse di tlhalosiwang mo pegelong eno, tse di neng di lebisitswe mo palong e kgolo thata ya batshabi ba Mahutu ba Rwanda le maloko a baagi ba Mahutu ba ba sa tlhaselwang, tse di neng tsa felela ka gore ba bolawe, di senola dintlha di le mmalwa tse di nyatsang tse, fa di ka supiwa fa pele ga kgotlatshekelo e e nang le bokgoni, di neng di ka tsewa e le dipolao tsa semorafe. Boitshwaro jwa dikarolo dingwe tsa AFDL/APR mabapi le batshabi ba Mahutu le baagi ba Mahutu ba ba neng ba nna kwa Zaire ka nako eno bo lebega bo lekana le "mokgwa o o bonalang wa boitshwaro jo bo tshwanang jo bo lebagantsweng le setlhopha seo", jo kgotlatshekelo e neng e ka swetsa ka gore go na le leano la polao ya semorafe go tswa mo go jone. "Le fa go nna teng ga leano le le jalo go ka nna le seabe mo go tlhomeng maikaelelo a a tlhokegang a polao ya semorafe, le fa go ntse jalo ke karolo fela ya bosupi jo bo dirisiwang go ntsha maikaelelo a a ntseng jalo e seng karolo ya semolao ya polao ya semorafe."

Temana ya Makgolo matlhano, lesome le borobabobedi Le fa go ntse jalo, le fa e le ntlha ya gore ke banna fela ba ba neng ba lebagantswe polao, le fa e le ntlha ya gore karolo ya setlhopha e ne ya letlwa go tswa mo lefatsheng kgotsa gore motsamao wa bone o ne wa tlhofofadiwa ka ntlha ya mabaka a a farologaneng, ga di a lekana ka botsone go tlosa gotlhelele maikaelelo a batho bangwe a go senya setlhopha se se ntseng jalo ka bontlhabongwe. Mo ntlheng e go lebega go kgonega go ntsha maikaelelo a a rileng mo karolong ya balaodi bangwe ba AFDL/APR a go senya Mahutu ka bontlhabongwe kwa DRC, mme ka jalo go dira bosenyi jwa polao ya semorafe, go ikaegilwe ka maitsholo a bona, mafoko le maemo a a hutsafatsang a ditiro tsa tirisodikgoka tse di dirilweng ke banna ba ba ka fa tlase ga bona. E tla bo e le kgotlatshekelo e e nang le dithata tse di tshwanetseng go atlhola mo potsong e.

Bokhutlo Temana ya sekete, lekgolo le masome a mararo le metso e ferabongwe. Ka ntlha ya go sa otlhaiweng mo go itumelelwang ke badirabosula ba dikgatako tse di masisi tsa ditshwanelo tsa batho le molao wa boditshabatshaba wa setho, le go boelela ga ditlolomolao mo teng ga kgaolo ya DRC, go na le go potlaka mo go bonalang ga phetolo ya tirelo ya bosiamisi le tshireletsego. Maloko a Setlhopha sa Dimmepe a kgonne go ela tlhoko poifo e e nnang e le teng mo letlhakoreng la baagi ba ba amegang gore ditso di tla ipoeletsa, segolobogolo fa batlhasedi ba maabane ba boa mo maemong a a ba kgontshang go dira ditlolomolao tse disha ba sa otlhaiwe gotlhelele.

 Ditsibogo 
Puso ya Rwanda e boletse gore “Pego ya Mmepe e e duleng pele ga nako e bua fela ka karolwana ya ditso e e tlhakatlhakaneng, mme e itlhokomolosa tshedimosetso e e leng teng phatlalatsa e e nyatsang thata diphitlhelelo tsa yone.Mmadi o sala ka pego e e letlhakoreng le le lengwe, mme ga a neelane ka bokao jo bo ka tlhaloganyang gore mongwe le mongwe wa badiragatsi bao ba kwa Rwanda e ne e le bomang, le gore ba ne ba ba fitlhele jang kwa dikgweng tsa Congo go tswa ka 1994 go ema ka 2003"."Official Government of Rwanda comments on draft UN mapping report on the DRC" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-12-26. E nopotswe Seetebosigo a le masome mararo ka 2025. Ofisi ya puso ya Rwanda, mo polelong ya yone ya bobegadikgang e ne ya fitlhela gore “Ga go a siama e bile ga go amogelesege gore lekgotla la Ditshaba, mokgatlho o o neng wa palelwa ka tlhamalalo go thibela polao ya semorafe kwa Rwanda le mathata a a neng a latela morago ga moo a batshabi, e leng selo se se bakileng ka tlhamalalo pogo e ntsi jaana kwa Congo le Rwanda, jaanong o latofatse sesole sa Democrat ka go emisa polao ya semorafe kwa . Repaboliki ya Congo.” "Ke nnete gore go tshereganya ga Rwanda mo D.R.C. e ne e le kgang ya go falola le ditlamorago tse di tlhamaletseng tsa taolo e e senang maikarabelo le e e senang maikutlo ya dikampa tsa batshabi ke U.N. le baagi ba boditshabatshaba morago ga polao ya semorafe."

Puso ya Uganda e ganne pego e jaaka tshoboko ya magatwe a a nang le diphoso tse di tseneletseng mo mokgweng, motsweding le mo maemong a bosupi. "Nako ya yone, bogolo, maitlhomo le go dutla ga yone mo metsweding ya dikgang tsotlhe di ne di dirilwe ka tsela e e sa siamang.""Uganda's position on the draft DRC Mapping Exercise Report" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-12-26. E nopotswe Seetebosigo a le masome mararo ka 2025.

 Metswedi