Bokopano jwa batho (1955)

Bokopano jwa batho e ne e le bokopano bo bo neng bo rulagantswe ke National Action Council, lekgotla la merafe le ditso tse di farologaneng, le morago le neng la itsege jaaka bokopano jwa kgolagano, bo tshwaretswe kwa Kliptown ka Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le borataro ngwaga wa 1955 go ala ponelopele ya batho ba Aforika Borwa. Molao wa kgololesego o ne wa kwalwa kwa bokopanong joo, o e neng e le one boremelelo jwa kgolagano le sekao sa go nna kgatlhanong le tlhaolele.

 Tse di diragetseng pele 
Ka ngwaga wa 1953, moithuti wa tlhwatlhwa o montsho Z.K Matthews o ne a ntsha mogopolo wa gore bokopano jwa batho bo tshwanetse go rulaganngwa go kgobokanya le go kwala dikeletso tsa batho. Dikomiti tse di rulaganyang di ne tsa tlhamiwa mo Aforika Borwa ka bophara.Goldberg, Denis (2016). A Life for Freedom. University Press of Kentucky. pp. 43–44. Pitso e ne ya romelwa kwa bathong ba Aforika Borwa, ke setlhopha se morago se neng sa bidiwa bokopano jwa kgolagano, go ntsha dikakanyo tsa se go ka buiwang ka sone mo molaong wa kgololesego mabapi le dikgang tsa lefatshe, mehama, ditshwanelo tsa setho, thuto le molao."The Freedom Charter (With a Note by Hilda Bernstein)". Third World Quarterly. 9 (2): 672–677. April 1987. doi:10.1080/01436598708419993. JSTOR 3991903. Dikakanyo di ne tsa amogelwa di le mo seemong sa dikgwetlho tsa beng gae, e le melaometheo, e le ditokomane le dipampitshana, dikakanyo tse morago di ne tsa tlhabololwa ke komiti potlana go nna kakanyetso e go ka ngangisanwang ka yone mo bokopanong jwa batho mo isagong.

Ka Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le boraro, matona a makgotla a ANC, South African Indian Congress (SAIC), South African Congress of trade Unions (SACTU), Coloured People's Congress (CPC) le South African congress of Democrats (COD) ba ne ba kopana kwa Tongaat. Sethopha se, se morago se neng sa bidiwa bokopano jwa kgolagano, bo ne jwa tlhama mokwalo o o itsegeng ka leina la molao wa kgololesego, ba rulaganya gape bokopano jo bogolo jwa batho ba merafe le ditso tse di farologaneng, go tshwarwa ka malatsi a le mabedi kwa Kliptown ka Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le borataro ngwaga wa 1955, kwa go neng go ikaeletswe gore molao o tlaa tlhomamisiwa morago ga go balwa go bo go buisanwa ka one."The Freedom Charter is adopted in Kliptown: Sunday, 26 June 1955". South African History Online. 22 June 2018. Archived from the original on 14 August 2020. Retrieved 31 July 2025

Kakanyetso ya molao e ne ya bewa pele ga batsaya karolo bolthe fa ba goroga kwa Johannesburg go tsenelela bokopano. Batsaya karolo ba ne ba tlhophilwe go tswa kwa magaeng le ditoropo, ba tlhophilwe ke dikomiti tsa bone kgotsa makgotla, ka madi a kgobokantswe mo gae gore baemedi ba bone ba goroge kwa Johannesburg. Fa se sene sa retela, batsaya karolo go tswa kwa magaeng ao ba ba neng ba setse ba le teng mo toropokgolong ba ne ba batliwa.Suttner, Raymond (1985). "The Freedom Charter: The People's Charter in the 1980s". Crime and Social Justice (24): 72–95. JSTOR 3991903.

 Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le borataro ngwaga wa 1955 
Bokopano jwa batho, bo akaretsa batho ba ka nna dikete di le masome a mararo, ba ne ba kgobokana kwa Kliptown, bontlha jwa Soweto (lekeišane le letona kwa ntle ga Johannesburg) ka Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le borataro ka ngwaga wa 1955, kwa tshimong e e neng e ageletswe ka terata gore go bonale mo molaong fa e le bokopano jwa sephiri,"Congress of the People Held in South Africa". Africa Today. 2 (3): 10. July 1955. JSTOR 4183718."The Kliptown Conference". Africa Today. 2 (4): 6. September 1955. JSTOR 4183735. gore ba seka ba kganelwa go kgobokana ke puso ya Aforika Borwa. Batsaya karolo ba ne ba tswa dintlheng tsotlhe tsa lefatshe, ba goroga kwa Johannesburg ka dikoloi, dibase, dibaesekele, ka dinao le dipitse. Bontsi jwa batho ba ba neng ba le kwa bokopanong e ne e le batho bantsho ba Aforika Borwa, go na le makgolo a batho ba India ba Aforika Borwa, batho basweu le ba ba tlhakantseng ditso.

Maikaelelo a bokopano e ne e le go amogela molao wa kgololesego ba emetse dikeletso tsa batho ba Aforika Borwa ba merafe yotlhe. Maikaelelo e ne e le go nna le sebui sa tlotla se bua ka dintlha tsotlhe tsa molao wa kakanyetso le go bulela dikakgelo le ngangisano. Se se ne sa seka sa diragala ka puso e ne ya kgaosetsa bokopano, ntlha nngwe le nngwe e ne ya dumalanwa, mme eseng ka go buisana. Albert Luthuli, Yusuf Dadoo le Father Trevor Huddleston ba ne ba fiwa tlotla e e kwa godimo ya ANC ebong Isitwalanwe, mme Huddleston ke ene fela a kgonneng go amogela ya gagwe, bobedi bo bongwe bo ne bo neetswe kiletso ke puso. Bokopano bo fedile ka Seetebosigo a le masome a mabedi le bosupa, fa bokopano bo ne bo dikaganyetswa ke mapodisi a Aforika Borwa bo bo bo phatlaladiwa. Ba ne ba tshwara batho bangwe ba le mmalwa, ba tsaya dipampiri ba bo ba tsaya batsaya karolo dinepe.

 Tlhomamiso ya molao 
Maikaelelo a bofelo a bokopano e ne e le go tsaya menwana e le sedikadike ka Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le borataro ngwaga wa 1956 go amogela go tlhamiwa ga molao wa kgololesego. Seelo sa menwana se ne sa dumalanwa ka tse di latelang di batliwa mo kgaolong nngwe le nngwe: Transvaal - dikete di le makgolo a mane le masome a matlhano, Kapa - dikete di le makgolo a mararo le masome a matlhano, Natal - sekete le makgolo a matlhano le Orange Free State - makgolo a matlhano. Batsaya karolo ba ne ba boela magaeng go begela setšhaba kgotsa makgotla go anamisa go amogelwa ga molao wa kgololesego.

Ka ngwaga wa 1955 o ya fifing, balweladitshwanelo ba bokopano jwa kgolagano ba ne batshwarwa ba bo ba sekisediwa go thankgola puso mo tshekong ya ngwaga wa 1956 ya go thankgola puso; molao ka bo one o ne wa dirisiwa e le bosupi mme morago wa tlhomamisiwa fa o se mo molaong.

 Botlhokwa jwa tiragalo 
Bokopano jwa batho bo ne jwa baka gore letsholo la kgolagano le amogele popego e e seng ya lotso kgotsa mmala ope e le lantlha. Go tswa mo bokopanong le molao o, go ne ga tlhamiwa letsholo la kgololesego ka maikaelelo a go feleletsa phetogo ya setho, mo go neng go batla go agiwa sešha ga dintlha tsotlhe tsa setšhaba sa Aforika Borwa."Significance of the Congress of the People and the Freedom Charter". South African History Online. 4 August 2016. Archived from the original on 31 July 2020. Retrieved 31 July 2025

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