Arthur Schopenhauer

Si Arthur Schopenhauer (22 Pebrero 1788 – 21 Setyembre 1860) ay isang pilosopong Aleman na kilala sa kanyang aklat na Die Welt als Wille und Vorstellung(Ang Daigdig bilang Kalooban at Representasyon) kung saan ay inangkin niyang ang daigdig ay pinapatakbo ng isang patuloy na hindi nasasapatang kalooban na patuloy na naghahanap ng satispaksiyon. Siya ay naimpluwensiyahan ng pananaw na Silanganin at kanyang inahayag na "ang katotohanan ay nakilala ng mga pantas ng India".Arthur Schopenhauer, The World as Will and Representation, Vol. 1, trans. E. Payne, (New York: Dover Publishing Inc., 1969), 3. Ang kanyang mga solusyon sa pagdurusa ay katulad ng mga taga-isip na Vedantiko at Budista (i.e. asetisismo) at ang kanyang pananampalataya sa "transendental na idealidad" Arthur Schopenhauer, The World as Will and Representation, Vol. 1, trans. E. Payne, (New York: Dover Publishing Inc., 1969), 4. ay nagtulak sa kanyang tumanggap sa ateismo at nag-aral mula sa pilospiyang Kristiyano.Arthur Schopenhauer, The World as Will and Representation, Vol. 2, trans. E. Payne, (New York: Dover Publishing Inc., 1966), 639. "the Veda says; Finditur nodus cordis, dissolvuntur omnes dubitationes, ejusque opera evanescunt. In agreement with this view, the fifteenth sermon of Meister Eckhart will be found well worth reading."Arthur Schopenhauer, The World as Will and Representation, Vol. 2, trans. E. Payne, (New York: Dover Publishing Inc., 1966), 635. "Even the conclusion of Seneca's last letter is in keeping with this... which certainly seems to indicate an influence of Christianity."The World as Will and Representation, Vol. 2, Ch. 48   (Dover page 616), "The ascetic tendency is certainly unmistakable in genuine and original Christianity, as it was developed in the writings of the Church Fathers from the kernel of the New Testament"

Sa edad na 25, kanyang inilimbag ang kanyang doktoral na disertasyong Über die vierfache Wurzel des Satzes vom zureichenden Grunde(Tungkol sa Makaapat na Ugat ng Prinsipyo ng Sapat na Katwiran) kung saan ay siniyasat niya ang apat na mga natatanging aspetoArthur Schopenhauer, The World as Will and Representation, Vol. 1, trans. E. Payne, (New York: Dover Publishing Inc., 1969), table of contents. ng karanasan sa phenomenal na daigdig. Dahil dito, siya ay naging maimpluwensiya (influential) sa kasaysayan ng phenomenolohiya. Siya ay nakaimpluwensiya sa isang mahabang talaan ng mga taga-isip kabilang si Friedrich Nietzsche,Addressed in: Cate, Curtis. Friedrich Nietzsche. Chapter 7. Richard Wagner, Ludwig Wittgenstein, Erwin Schrödinger, Albert Einstein,Albert Einstein in Mein Glaubensbekenntnis  (Agosto 1932): "I do not believe in free will. Schopenhauer's words: 'Man can do what he wants, but he cannot will what he wants,[Der Mensch kann wohl tun, was er will, aber er kann nicht wollen, was er will]' accompany me in all situations throughout my life and reconcile me with the actions of others, even if they are rather painful to me. This awareness of the lack of free will keeps me from taking myself and my fellow men too seriously as acting and deciding individuals, and from losing my temper." Schopenhauer's clearer, actual words were: "You can do what you will, but in any given moment of your life you can will only one definite thing and absolutely nothing other than that one thing." [Du kannst tun was du willst: aber du kannst in jedem gegebenen Augenblick deines Lebens nur ein Bestimmtes wollen und schlechterdings nichts anderes als dieses eine.] On the Freedom of the Will, Ch. II. Sigmund Freud, Otto Rank, Carl Jung, Joseph Campbell, Leo Tolstoy, Thomas Mann, at Jorge Luis Borges.
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Kategorya:Mga pilosopong Aleman
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