Talaan ng mga fossil na transisyonal

Ito ay isang probisyonal na listahan ng palampas fossils (fossil na labi ng isang nilalang na nagpapakita primitive mga ugali sa paghahambing na may higit nagmula organismo na kung saan ito ay may kaugnayan). Ang fossils ay nakalista sa serye, na ipinapakita ang paglipat mula sa isang pangkat sa isa pang, na kumakatawan sa makabuluhang mga hakbang sa paglaki ng mga pangunahing tampok sa iba't-ibang linya. Madalas kumakatawan sa mga pagbabagong ito ang mga pangunahing pagbabago sa anatomya, na may kaugnayan sa paraan ng buhay, tulad ng pagbili ng mga feathered wings para sa isang panghimpapawid na lifestyle sa ibon, o binti sa isda / tetrapod transition. Tulad ng nabanggit na sa pamamagitan ng Darwin, ang fossil record ay hindi kumpleto.

May perpektong, listahang ito dapat lamang recursively fossil na transisyunal na kumakatawan sa mga supling na mga specie  mula sa kung saan na grupo na  lumaki sa ibang pagkakataon, ngunit pinaka-kung hindi lahat, ng mga fossils na ipinapakita dito ay kumakatawan sa mga sanga, higit pa o mas mababa malapit na nauugnay sa ang totoo nitong mga ninuno.

 Mula sa Nautiloid Hanggang sa ammonoid
The Nautiloids → Ammonoids Evolutionary Series Pag litaw Taxa kaugnayan  Estado Deskrpsyon Imahe >500 MaSubclass:
 Nautiloidea 200px 390 MaOrder:
 Bactritida myiembro ng mga  Nautiloida.
 isang direktang ninuno ng mga of the ammonoida. 370 MaSubclass:
 Ammonoidea DIrektang kamag anak ng mga  Bactirida. 200px

Cephalopods
The Cephalopod Evolutionary Series Pag litaw Taxa kaugnayan  Estado Deskrpsyon Imahe 296 MaUri
 PohlsepiaIsang sinaunang Cephalopod na sinasabing isang Pusit. 164 MaGenus:
 Proteroctopus Ang sinaunag uri ng pugita (octopod). 165–164 MaGenus:
 Vampyronassa Ang matandang Uri ng Cephalopod na maaring pinag mulan ng Pusit at Mga pugita (Vampyromorphida).200px 89 - 71 MaGenus:
 Palaeoctopus Isang sinanunang  uri ng octopod.

Ebulusyon ng mga Insekto

The Insect Evolutionary Series Pag litaw Taxa kaugnayan  Estado Deskrpsyon Imahe 400 MaGenus:
 RhyniognathaPinaka matatandang insekto sa daigdig. 400 MaGenus:
 RhyniellaKauna-unahang uri ng  springtail. 300 MaGenus:
 ArchimylacrisNinuno ng mga Ipis,tipaklong at mga Anay. 316.5 MaGenus:
 AphthoroblattinaSinaunang ipis. 140 MaGenus:
 ArchaeolepisPinaka unang Lepidopteran. 92 MaGenus:
 MelittosphexPinakamatandang uri ng bubuyog. 80 MaGenus:
 SphecomyrmaPinaka matandang lahi ng Langgam. 56 - 34 MaGenus:
 EophylliumUnang Leaf Insect sa Talaan ng mga Fossil

Ebulusyon ng mga Gagamba 
The Spider Evolutionary Series Pag litaw Taxa kaugnayan  Estado Deskrpsyon Imahe 390 MaGenus:
 Attercopusinanakalang ito ang pinaka matandang uri ng gagamba. 165 MaGenus
 EoplectreurysSinasabing Ang pinakamatatandang gagamba sa uri ng  haplogyne.

 Mula sa mga Invertebrates Hanggang sa Isda

The Invertebrates → Fish Evolutionary Series Pag litaw Taxa kaugnayan  Estado Deskrpsyon Imahe 523 MaGenus:
 PikaiaMukhang Lancelet ninuno ng mga vertebrates

Karakter
 Sinaunang notochord.200px 504 MaUri:
 ConodontMerong mga Palaypay, at hugis-chevron na mga Kalamnan at  notokord. 200px 530 MaUri:
 HaikouichthysMerongitong cranium, nan naging craniat. 200px 480 to 470 MaGenus:
 ArandaspisJawless fish isang armadong isdang may panga, tulad sa malaking tadpole kung buhay. 200px 422-412 MaGenus:
 BirkeniaAng anaspid, ninuno ng mga May pangang vertebrates,An unarmored, scaly jawless fish 200px 419 MaGenus:
 GuiyuSinasabing ang pinaka matandang  isdang may buto. 200px

Mga Chondrichthyes

The Chondrichthyes Evolutionary Series Pag litaw Taxa kaugnayan  Estado Deskrpsyon Imahe 370 MaUri:
 CladoselacheIsang sinaunang Pating.200px 70 - 65 MaGenus:
 DalpiaziaSinaunang uri ng sawfish 99 – 65 MaGenus:
 Cyclobatis Ang sinaunang Pagi.200px

Mabubutong Isda

The Bony Fish Evolutionary Series Pag litaw Taxa kaugnayan  Estado Deskrpsyon Imahe 420 MaGenus:
 AndreolepisAng pinaka matandang Actinopterygii. ??? Mauri:
 AmphistiumIsang Matandang lahi ng mgaIsdang Lapad.200px 48 – 37 MaGenus:
 EobothusIsang unang isda na masasabing kamukha ng Isdang lapad 183.7–125.0 MaGenus:
 LeptolepisIsa sa mga unang teleost.200px 99 – 93 MaGenus:
 AnguillavusAng pinaka matandang uri ng Palos. 13 MaGenus:
 Hippocampus sarmaticusIsa sa mga sinaunang  seahorse.200px 13 MaGenus:
 Hippocampus slovenicusSinaunang seahorses.200px 83 - 70 MaGenus:
 NardoveliferSinasabing Unang lahi ng  lamprid na isda150px 56 - 34 MaGenus:
 Eomola Primitibong uri ng Molidae Sun fish 58 - 55 MaUri:
 Corydoras revelatusAng Pinaka matandang uri sa grupo ng mga Hito, sa pamilya ng mga Callichthyidae.200px 56 - 34 MaGenus:
 Ruffoichthys Sinaunang rabbitfish. 48 - 37 MaGenus:
 PalaeopercaSinaunag perch200px 58 - 55 MaUri:
 TrachicaranxA primitive pomfret200px 48 - 40 MaGenus:
 HistionotophorusAng unang  handfish 48 - 40 MaGenus:
 EolactoriaSinasabing ang sinaunang uri ng  ostraciid boxfish200px 48 - 40 MaGenus:
 ProaracanaPnakamatandang uri ng  aracanid boxfish200px 48 - 40 MaGenus:
 GazolaichthysA Pninuno ng surgeonfish 48 - 40 MaGenus:
 Psettopsisisang primitibong uri ng monodactylid moonyfish200px 48 - 40 MaGenus:
 PasaichthysA primitive monodactylid moonyfish200px 48 - 40 Mauri:
 Eozanclusninuno ng  modernong  Moorish Idol. 83 - 65 MaGenus:
 CretatriacanthusAng Primitibong myembro ng Tetraodontidae 83 - 65 MaUri :
 NardoichthysAng primibong uri ng  Perciforme 58 - 55 MaGenus:
 ProtozeusAng primitibong myembro ng  Zeidae 58 - 55 MaGenus:
 ArchaeozeusSinaunang  Zeidae ??? MaUri Cooyoo
|
|
|A primitive member of the Ichthyodectidae
|200px
|-
| 65 Ma
|Genus:'''
 Protriacanthus''A primitive tetraodontid

Mula sa Isda Hanggang sa  tetrapods

The Fish → Tetrapods Evolutionary Series Pag litaw Taxa kaugnayan  Estado Deskrpsyon Imahe 416-359 MaGenus:
 Osteolepis isang sinaunang miyembro ng uring Tetrapodomorpha, Ang  piscine ay naging tetrapods o Osteolepis ay ang ninuno ng mga mga tetrapods at lungfish. Fishisang maliit at may katamtamang sukat na isdasng sarcopterygian na may butas ng ilong at palaypay na may mabubutong pangangatawan. 150px 385 MaGenus:
 Eusthenopteron   Belonging to the family Tristichopteridae, a family that form a sister group to Panderichthys and the tetrapods. Though not on the evolutionary path to tetrapods, Eusthenopteron is of fairly general build and is very well known, serving as an iconic model organism in tetrapod evolution. A medium sized, mainly pelagic fish, Eusthenopteron mainly use the pectoral and pelvic fins for navigation, and the tail for propulsion. The fin was of diphycercal, foreshadowing the straightening of the spine and the evolution of a contiguous fin in fish like Panderichthys 150px 380 MaGenus:
 Panderichthys Very close to the origin of tetrapods, a "fishapod" elpistostegalian. Fish A large, predatory shallow water fish. As common in shallow water fish, the pectoral and pelvic fins were flexible and paddle-like for propulsion.Nature: The pelvic fin and girdle of Panderichthys and the origin of tetrapod locomotion The dorsal and anal fins are lost, the tail fin contiguous. The spiracles were short and wide, indication large amount of oxygen were taken up by the lungs rather than through the gills. 150px 375 MaGenus:
 Tiktaalik A "fishapod" more tetrapod-like than Panderichthys. A fish, transitional between fish and the early, fish-like labyrinthodonts.John Noble Wilford, The New York Times, Scientists Call Fish Fossil the Missing Link, 5 April 2006. "Fish" with stout, fleshy pectoral fins with a joint between the innermost and the two next bony elements, corresponding to the elbow in higher tetrapods. The cleithrum bone was free of the skull, functioning as anchoring for the pectoral fins, and at the same time allowing for movement of the neck. 150px 368 MaGenus:
 Elginerpeton Analysis of the cranial material shows it was more advanced than Tiktaalik, and together with Obruchevichthys form a sister group to the higher tetrapods. A fairly fragmentary find, Elginerpeton straddles the fish/tetrapod divide with a mosaic of features resembling Panderichthys, Ichthyostega and Hynerpeton. Probably one of the "fishapods".Elginerpeton pacheni  at Devonian Times  Though fragmentary, the find includes a shoulder blade (Cleitrum bone) as well as elements of the limbs, which shows it had comparable limbs Ichthyostega and Hynerpeton, indicating feet rather than fins. 150px 365 MaGenus:
 Ventastega Known only from fragmentary remains, mostly a lower jaw, Ventastega is morphologically midway between Tiktaalik and Acanthostega/Ichthyostega. article Possibly oldest animal to have feet rather than fins. A large, dorso-ventrally flattened predatory fish with a well armoured labyrinthodont-like skull. While the fins themselves has not been found, the shoulder girdle is essentially similar to that of Acanthostega, indicating it too had feet rather than fins. 150px 365 MaGenus:
 Acanthostega Together with Ichthyostega the sole early labyrinthodont known from fairly complete skeletons. It is the oldest animal known to have feet rather than fins, thus making it a true tetrapod and the oldest known unquestionable ichthyostegalian. First known animal with toes rather than fins. The feet were broad and paddle-like, adapted for movement in water."Acanthostega gunneri," Devonian Times.  It retained functional gills in adulthood, behind a fleshy operculum. 150px 365 MaGenus:
 Ichthyostega Fairly closely related to Acanthostega. It possibly represent an early (and ultimately unsuccessful) line adapted to moving on land by inchworm-like movements. Together with Acanthostega the sole early labyrinthodont known from fairly complete skeletons. Early labyrinthodont with polydactylous, paddle-like feet and reinforced vertebrae and neural spines. It probably spent time on land, yet retained gills and a tail with fin rayes. 150px 360 MaGenus:
 Hynerpeton While known only from fragmentary remains, it is more advanced than Ichthyostega. Early labyrinthodont amphibian A large, basically salamander-like creature. The shoulder girdle was powerful, indicating it was a competent walker. 150px ??? MaGenus:
 Tulerpeton An advanced ichthyostegalian, it straddle the divide between the fish-like Devonian forms and the more advanced Carboniferous amphibians. It has been suggested it is an early reptil-like amphibian. A large animal with paddle-like six-toed feet. It did however not have gills in adulthood, and is thus the oldest labyrinthodont known to depend entirely on breathing with its lungs. 150px 359 - 345 MaGenus:
 Pederpes Hailing from the fossil-poor Romer's Gap, Pederpes may be ancestral to the higher labyrinthodonts. Intermediate between the earlier Ichthyostegalian and the later, more advanced labyrinthodonts. Despite an extra toe on the forelimbs, Pederpes had limbs that terminated in feet adapted primarely for walking rather than paddles for combined swimming and walking like the earlier groups. 150px 295 MaGenus:
 Eryops The Temnospondyli are derived paleozoic amphibians, possibly ancestral to modern amphibians A "classical" temnospondyl, an advanced labyrinthodont group. One of the best known labyrinthodonts, Eryops combines the large, flat skull and short limbs typical of the group.alt=|150x150px

The Labyrinthodontia  →  Lissamphibia Evolutionary Series Appearance Taxa Relationships Status Description Image 290 MaGenus:
 GerobatrachusColloquially referred to as a "frogamander" due to this taxon being both chronologically and morphologically basal to both anurans and salamandersOne of the first transitional fossils towards modern amphibians (Lissamphibia).Primitive traits
 Backbone with intermediate characteristics
 Retains a fully developed tail
Derived traits
 Bears a large space for a tympanic ear
 Ankle bones are fused together like in salamanders
 Lightly built wide skull as in frogs150px 250 MaGenus:
 TriadobatrachusIntermediate between generalized amphibians and derived frogsEarly "almost frog" transitional amphibianPrimitive traits
 Possessed short limbs and therefore was unable to hop, unlike all extant anurans
 Retains fourteen vertebra unlike modern frogs who have four to nine vertebra
 Tibia and fibula are not fused into a tibiofibula
Derived traits
 Skull resembles that of modern anuran skull with a latticework of thin bones in skull200px 190 MaGenus:
 ProsalirusAnother transitional form which could be properly classified as a frogAn intermediate form which may replace Triadobatrachus as the "ultimate" ancestor of anuransPrimitive traits
 Still possess relatively short limbs
Derived traits
 Tail is greatly reduced
 Does not have greatly enlarged legs, but shows some adaptations for hopping, such as a three-pronged pelvis200px 213-188 MaGenus:
 VieraellaA derived fossil frog completing the series of transitional fossils between early amphibians and modern anuransThe oldest "true" frogEstes, R., and O. A. Reig. (1973): The early fossil record of frogs: a review of the evidence. Pp. 11-63 In J. L. Vial (Ed.), Evolutionary Biology of the Anurans: Contemporary Research on Major Problems. University of Missouri Press, Columbia.Primitive traits
 Retains ten presacral vertebra
Derived traits
 Hind legs are adapted for hopping150px 210 MaGenus:
 EocaeciliaIntermediate between basal amphibians and caeciliansAn early caecilianPrimitive traits
 Bears three-toed vestigial limbs
 The size of the orbits indicates well developed eyes and suggest a non-subterranean lifestyle
Derived traits
 The body has been adapted to a sort of serpentine shape200px

Mula sa mga Amphibians hanggang sa mga amniotes (unang lahi ng mga reptilya)
The Amphibians → Reptiles Evolutionary Series Pag litaw Taxa Kaugnayan Estado Diskripsyon Imahe 326 - 318 MaGenus:
 Proterogyrinus One of the early reptile-like amphibians Amphibian A large, somewhat lizard-like labyrinthodont with a deep skull, laterally placed eyes and five digits to each foot. 150px ??? MaGenus:
 Limnoscelis The order Diadectomorpha is the sister group of the amniotes. The Limnoscelis was originally described as a "cotylosaur" (early reptiles) together with the other diadectomorphans. Today the large-bodied diadectomorphs are thought to have had a larval stage, falling close to, but just outside the amphibian/reptile divide. A large, predatory reptile-like amphibian. The limbs are extremely heavily built, indicating it fed on slow moving prey. 150px ??? MaGenus:
 Tseajaia Uncertain phylogeny, possibly a Seymouriamorph or Diadectomorph Amphibian A medium sized, probably herbivorious animal150px 350 MaGenus:
 Westlothiana Uncertain phylogenetic position. Westlothiana may be a small-bodied diadectopmorph, falling just outside the amphibian/reptile divide Originally described as the first reptile, it is now considered an advanced reptile-like amphibian. Small, probably insectovorious animal. The body and tail was long, the limbs small, somewhat like a modern skink. 150px 320-305 MaGenus:
 Solenodonsaurus Possibly allied to the Diadectomorpha, or belonging to a sister group to Diadectomorpha and AmniotaGauthier J., Kluge, A.G., & Rowe, T. (1988) The early evolution of the Amniota. In: M. J. Benton (ed.) The phylogeny and classification of the tetrapods, Volume 1: amphibians, reptiles, birds (1): pp 103-155. Oxford: Clarendon Press. Likely an amphibian Smallish, likely carnivorious.Solenodonsaurus  on the TOL-web 150px 340 MaGenus:
 Casineria The fragmentary nature of the fossil (it lacks a cranium) makes an exact phylogenetic position hard to establish. Possibly the first animal with an amniote egg, and thus the first reptile. Small lizard-like animal, the first known tetrapod to possess claws, indicating it has reptilian type skin with scutes.R. L. Paton, T. R. Smithson and J. A. Clack, "An amniote-like skeleton from the Early Carboniferous of Scotland", (abstract), Nature 398, 508-513 (8 April 1999) 150px 315 MaGenus:
 Hylonomus One of several small, basal reptile genera Reptile An early anapsid reptile, considered to be ancestral to both the synapsid and sauropsid lines, and thus the oldest representative of the crown group amniotes. 150px 312 - 304 MaGenus:
 Paleothyris One of several small, basal reptile genera Reptile (most likely a sauropsid) An early anapsid reptile. In phylogenetic analysis it falls on the sauropsid side, it is thus likely a progenitor of the diapsids150px

Pinag mulan ng mga Pagong at mga Pawikan

The Turtle Evolutionary Series Pag litaw Taxa Relasyon Estado Diskripsyon Imahe 220 MaGenus:
 OdontochelysPinaka matandang uri ng Pagong.200px 210 MaUri:
 Proganochelys200px 164 MaUri:
 EileanchelysIsang Tulay ng Ebolusyon sa pagitan ng mga pagong at mga sea turtles.

Mula sa mga  Butiki hanggang sa mga Ahas

The Lizard → Snake Evolutionary Series Pag litaw Taxa Relasyon Estado Diskripsyon Imahe 92 MaUri:
 EupodophisIsang uri ng Butiki na nasa anyong ahas na mula sa Panahong Cretaceous , Ito ay may apat na mga paa , (Marahil nagagamit o Marring ding hindi ang mga ito) .250px 90 MaUri:
 NajashIsang uri ng Sinaunang ahas na may dalwang paa.

Uri ng mga Butiki

The Lizard Evolutionary Series Pag litaw Taxa Relasyon Estado Diskripsyon Imahe 61 - 58 MaGenus:
 AnqingosaurusIsa sa mga nakitang kauna-unahang chameleon. 92 MaGenus:
 Dallasaurusisang uri ng  mosasauroid mula s Upper Cretaceous ng  Hilanagng Amerika. 71 - 82 MaGenus:
 PalaeosaniwaIsa sa mga matandang uri ng  Varanoidea. 146–100 MaGenus:
 Gangiguanaisang sinaunang uri ng  iguanid 97–100 MaGenus:
 CretaceogekkoPinaka matandang uri ng  tuko

Ang Pterosaura
Rhamphorhynchoidea → Pterodactyloidea Evolutionary Series Pag litaw Taxa Relasyon Estado Diskripsyon Imahe 160 MaUri:
 DarwinopterusBasal to both rhamphorhynchoids and pterodactyloids150px 160 MaGenus
 Pterorhynchus Blogspot.comWordpress.com

Ebulusyon ng mga Archosaura hanggang sa dinosaura

The Archosauria → Dinosauria Series Pag litaw Taxa Relasyon Estado Diskripsyon Imahe ??? MaGenus:
 ProterosuchusAng Pinaka matandang uri ng  archosaur, Ang  Proterosuchus ay isa sa mga pinakamalaking reptilya lupa sa panahon ng Maagang Triassic, tungkol sa laki ng sa ngayon Komodo dragon s. Ito ay tumingin medyo buwaya, may nababagsak binti, mahaba ang panga, malakas na kalamnan at isang mahabang buntot. Ang isang natatanging proterosuchus kaugalian ay ang kakaiba hugis .200px ??? MaGenus:
 Marasuchus200px ??? MaGenus:
 AsilisaurusAng pinakaMatandang hayop sa uri ng dinosauro at terosor, magmula pa sa  245,000,000 taon na ang nakakaraanA small, lightly built animal. It had a fairly long neck (contrary to the short necked relatives of crocodiles), but ran on all four legs.200px ??? MaGenus:
 SpondylosomaNadiskubre lamang sa hwa-hiwalay na fossil ang Spondylosoma ay maaring isang naunang lahi o magiging dinosaur.Langer, M.C. (2004). Basal Saurischia. In: Weishampel, D.B., Dodson, P., and Osmólska, H. (eds.). The Dinosauria (second edition). University of California Press:Berkeley, 25-46. ISBN 0-520-24209-2 It has however also been classified as a rauisuchian. 228 MaGenus:
 EoraptorAng kauna-unahang masasabing isangsauropod.R.N. Martinez et al. A basal dinosaur from the dawn of the dinosaur era in southwestern Pangaea. Science, Vol. 331, 14 January 2011, p. 206.Kaplan M, "Move over Eoraptor", http://www.nature.com/news, 13-1-2011.isang mallit (na umaabo lamang sa 1 metro, ~ 10 kg) na kayang lumalakad sa dalawang paa  at may matatalim na mga ngipin at mabilis din tumak bo at may matatalas na mga kuko.200px

Dinosauria

The Dinosauria Evolutionary Series Pag litaw Taxa Relasyon Estado Diskripsyon Imahe 228 to 216.5 MaGenus:
 PisanosaurusPinaka matandang uri ng ornithischian.200px 216–200 MaGenus:
 ThecodontosaurusAng sinaunang uri ng  sauropodomorph  bago naging ganap na dinosaur.200px ??? MaGenus:
 HuayangosaurusAng pinaka matandang nakita na lahi ng  stegosaur.200px ??? MaGenus:
 Stenopelix isang pachycephalosaur mula sa Barremian panahon ng Cretaceous. 160 MaGenus:
 Yinlong isang uri ng ceratopsian mula sa Huling panahon ng Jurasik a Asya Sentral.200px 160 MaGenus:
 Guanlongisang lahi ng  proceratosaurid at tyrannosauroid , isa sa pinaka matandang halimbawa ng dinosaur.200px 126 MaGenus:
 FalcariusAng snaunang uri ng mga therizinosaur200px 208–194 MaGenus:
 ScelidosaurusIsa sa mga sinaunang uri ng  thyreophorans.200px 130–125 MaGenus:
 ProbactrosaurusMaaring ninuno ng mga dinosaur na may tuka na parang sa itik.200px ??? MaGenus:
 PelecanimimusIsang sinaunang uri  ng  ornithomimosaur.

Mula sa Dinosaur hanggang sa mga ibon

The Dinosaurs → birds Evolutionary Series Pag litaw Taxa Relasyon Estado Diskripsyon Imahe 152-151 MaGenus:
 JuravenatorPrimitive traits
 Undifferentiated hind digits displaying no specialties for climbing
 Spine attaches to the back end of the skull rather than the base
 Moderately long, bony tail
Derived traits
Basic proto-feathers cover parts of the body for insulation 150px 168-152 MaGenus:
 PedopennaThe find is represented only by a hind leg, but one that is very bird-like. It belonged to a small maniraptoran dinosaur with long, pennaceous feathers on its hind legs and (in all likelihood) arms. 161-151 MaGenus:
 AnchiornisBasal troodontidAlthough once classified as a bird, Anchiornis is now considered a basal troodontid which bears pennaceous, symmetrical feathers on all four limbs.Primitive traits
 Wings symmetrical and rounded, probably not used for flight but instead insulation, mating displays, and gliding
 Long legs overall morphology similar to that of other troodontids
 Spine attaches to the back end of the skull rather than the base
 Moderately long, bony tail
Derived traits
 Flexible wrists which are more similar to aves than other theropods
 Like birds and unlike troodontids, Anchiornis had arms nearly the same length as the hind legs
 Bore primary and secondary pennaceous symmetrical wings on both arms, legs, toes, and wrist 150px 150–145 MaGenus:
 ArchaeopteryxKnown for its mosaic of avian and theropod characteristics Archaeopteryx is both the first primitive bird in the fossil record and one of the first transitional fossils discovered.Traditionally seen as the first proper bird, though it is not directly ancestral to modern birds.Padian, K. & Chiappe, L.M. (1997): Bird Origins. In: Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs (red. Currie, P.J & Padian, K., Academic Press, San Diego, pp 41–96, ISBN 978-0-12-226810-6 An excellent intermediate form between dinosaurs and birds. Capable of gliding, but lacking alula and keel, it could likely not sustain powered flight.Primitive traits
 Slower dinosaur-like growth rate
 No keel
 Spine attaches to the back end of the skull rather than the base
 Forelimbs have three unfused, clawed fingers, no alula
 Maxilla and premaxilla bore unserrated teeth
 Moderately long, bony tail
Derived traits
 Fully developed asymmetrical flight feathers
 Fused furcula from two joined clavicles
 Backward and elongated pubis similar to maniraptors, but not found in more primitive theropods 150px 120 MaGenus:
 ConfuciusornisFound in the famous Liaoning province Confuciusornis is the first primitive bird with a pygostyle.With its short tail and toothless beak, Confuciusornis is very modern looking compared to Archaeopteryx. The toothless beak is however a case of convergent evolution, as more advanced birds retained teeth, illustration the sometimes confusing mosaic evolution of the dinosaur-bird transition.Primitive traits
 Retained unfused clawed digits, no alula
 Sideways-facing glenoid joint
Derived traits
 Short tail with fused vertebrae at the end (pygostyle)
 Larger sternum with a low primitive keel
Unlike other early birds Confuciusornis had a toothless beak 150px 115 MaGenus:
 EoalulavisPrimitive bird and possibly a descendant of "urvogels" like Archaeopteryx. First bird to possess an alula.Plesiomophic traits
Two unfused, functional digits remain on second and third digit
Derived traits
 First digit bearing an alula rather than claw 93.5-75 MaGenus:
 IchthyornisConsidered a close relative to the ancestor to modern birdsA flying bird found in several epochs in the late Cretaceous which still bore teeth, but in most respects very similar to Neornithes.Primitive traits
 Numerous sharp teeth in much of the beak
Derived traits
 Fused bones (metacarpals) II & III of the hand
 Rigid ribcage with a well-developed carina
 No functional claws on the hand
 Short childhood with distinct adult stage. 150px

Ebolusyon ng Mga Ibon

The Bird Evolutionary Series Pag litaw Taxa Relasyon Estado Diskripsyon Imahe 60-58 MaUri:
 WaimanuAng Kauna unahang uri ng Penguin. 150px ??? MaGenus:
 ElornisAkuna unahang uri ng flamingo. ??? MaGenus:
 ColymboidesAng kauna unahang gaviiform. 55-48 MaGenus:
 MopsittaAng kauna unahangpsittacine. ??? MaGenus:
 MasillaraptorIsang Ang kauna unahang uri ng  falconiform. 50 MaGenus:
 PrimapusAng kauna unahang uri ng apodiform.

Ang mga Synapsid (Reptilya na naging myebro ng Mamalya)

The Synapsids → Mammals Evolutionary Series Pag litaw  Taxa Relasyon Estado Deiskripsyon Imahe ??? MaGenus:
 ProtoclepsydropsKilala sa pagkaka hiwa-hiwalay na pag kakadiskubre ang mga  Protoclepsydrops Maaring sila ang mga unang  synapsid (Sa pagitan ng mamalya at mga Reptilya)isang mabagal at mukhang butiking nilalang na may katamtamang sukat. 306 MaGenus:
 ArchaeothyrisThe oldest undisputed synapsid (mammal-like reptile)Primitbong Anyo
 Isang Palapad at mukhang butiki.
 Typically reptilian sprawling gait
 Generally lizard-like proportions with a dorso-ventrally flattened body
Pagbabago
 Temporal opening low on the side of the skull roof, between the zygomatic bone and the elements above.
 Tendency to enlarged forward teeth on the maxilla150px 297 Ma Genus:
 Haptodus A primitive member of the Sphenacodontidae, or possibly just outside the group.A pelycosaur-grade synapsidDerived traits
 Two or three moderately large canine-like teeth about a third down the maxilla.
 Dentary bone the largest element of the lower jaw
 The skull deeper than in Archaeothyris150px 265 MaGenus:
 DimetrodonAn advanced member of the family Sphenacodontidae, from which the therapsids (advanced synapsids) evolvedA pelycosaur-grade synapsid. At up to 4 meters, Dimetrodon was one of the largest animals of its time. The distinct sail of the back makes it the most recognized synapsid knownPrimitive traits
 Cold blooded metabolism dependent of external heat source (hence the "sail")
 Sprawling gait
 No secondary palate
 No enlarged side teeth in the lower jaw
Derived traits
 Distinctly elongated 2nd and 3rd tooth on the maxilla, corresponding to the canine in mammals. The first canine generally longer than the second.Kenneth D. Angielczyk, Dimetrodon Is Not a Dinosaur: Using Tree Thinking to Understand the Ancient Relatives of Mammals and their Evolution Evolution: Education and Outreach, Volume 2, Number 2, 257-271, 
 Skull deep and narrow
 Body overall deeper than in earlier forms 150px 267 MaGenus:
 BiarmosuchusAng sinaunang therapsid. na kasing laki nga isang Aso, Ang Biarmosuchus ay isang magaan na hayop na kkayang kumain ng isang rin na hayop na kasinglai ng isang Agila.White, T. & Kazlev, M. A. (2009): Therapsida: Biarmosuchia: Biarmosuchidae / Eotitanosuchidae, from Palaeos website.Primitive traits
 No respiratory turbinates indicate limited overall oxygen consumption and hence bradymetaboliic metabolism
 Sprawling legs, but the legs longer and more slender than in pelycosaurs
 Long pelycosaur-like tail
Derived traits
 A single canine as the first tooth on the maxilla, all other maxillary teeth small
 Tendency for an enlarged caninelike tooth on the dentary
 Internal nostrils covered by a partial fleshy palate
 Enlarged temporal opening giving more powerful bite 150px 248-245 MaGenus:
 ThrinaxodonA small bodied relative of the larger Cynognathus.Am advanced cynodont, just on the reptilian side of the reptile/mammal dividePrimitive traits
 While the dentary dominated the lower jaw, the hinge was between the articulare and quadrate.
 Continuous change of teeth throughout life, with no occlusion.
 Likely no fur, but may have had whiskers
Derived traits
 Well developed respiratory turbinates and palate, indicating homeothermy
 Generally mammal-like dentition.
 Mammal-like ecology: Burrowing and small size
 Animals of different sizes found together, indicating post-hatching parental care. 150px 205 MaGenus:
 MorganucodonIsang Sinaunang Mamalya 150px 125 MaGenus:
 YanoconodonIsang Sinaunang mammalya. 150px

Ebolusyon ng Uring mammalya

The Mammal Evolutionary Series Pag litaw Taxa Relasyon Estado Diskripsyon Imahe 100–104 MaGenus:
 KollikodonSinaunang uri ng monotreme. 125 MaGenus:
 SinodelphysAng Pinaka matandang uri ng metatherian na nakita.150px ?? MaGenus:
 DjarthiaAng kauna-unahang lahi ng marsupial (umaakyat o nakatira sa Puno).150px 164-165 MaGenus:
 JuramaiaIsa sa matandang uri ng eutherian Electronic supplementary material150px 63-50 MaGenus:
 EritheriumKauna-unahang lahi ng proboscidean. 60-55 MaGenus:
 MiacisPosibleng ninuno ng mga  hayop / mamalya na nasa hanay ng Carnivora.150px 15.97–11.61 MaGenus:
 HeteroproxKauna-unahang uri ng Alamid.150px 20-18 MaGenus:
 EotragusMatandang uri ng bovid.150px 45-40 MaGenus:
 ProtylopusAng pinaka matandang uri  kamely na nakita, at ang pinaka maliit. ??? MaGenus:
 HyrachyusHinihinalang ang ninuno ng mga modernong  uri ng tapir at mga rhinoceros.150px 55.4—48.6 MaGenus:
 HeptodonIsa din sa pinag hihinalaang ninuno ng mga  tapir.150px 38—33.9 MaGenus:
 HesperocyonIsang matandang lahi ng canid.150px ??? MaGenus:
 Eurymylusang matandang uri ng  lagomorph na nakita. 52.5 MaGenus:
 OnychonycterisIsa sa pinaka matatdang ninuno ng mga monospecific na nasa lahi ng mga  paniki.  2 MaSpecies:
 Ailuropoda microtaang isa sa mga Pinaka matandang miyembro ng  Higanteng Panda. 63 - 61.7MaGenus:
 PurgatoriusPinaniniwalaang ang isa sa kauna-unahang uri ng primate (Lahi ng unggoy) o isang  proto-primate, na isang 'primatomorph na ninuno ng mga Plesiadapiformes.200px 12.5-8.5 MaGenus:
 SivapithecusMIto ay isang sinaunang lahi ng unggoy na maihahalintulad sa mga  Urangutan.150px 16 - 8 MaGenus:
 KenyapotamusIsa sa maaring ninuno ng  lahinghippopotamid (Hipoptamus). ?? MaGenus:
 EomanisIto ang masasbing  Kauna-unahang  uri ng totoong  may kaliskis pangolin.150px

Mual sa uring artiodactyla hanggang sa pagiging balyena (Ebolusyon ng mga Balyena)

The whale Evolutionary Series Appearance Taxa Relationships Status Description Image55.8 ± 0.2 - 33.9 ± 0.1 MaGenus:
 Pakicetus 150px50 MaGenus:
 Ambulocetus 150px46 MaGenus:
 Kutchicetus 150px47 MaGenus:
 Artiocetus41-33 MaGenus:
 Dorudon 150px25 MaGenus:
 Aetiocetus150px40-34 MaGenus:
 Basilosaurus 150px8-15 MaGenus:
 Eurhinodelphis 150px26 MaGenus:
 Mammalodon

Ebolusyon ng lahi ng mga Sirenia

The Sirenia Evolutionary Series Paglitaw Taxa Relasyon Estado Diskripsyon Imaghe 50 MaGenus:
 PezosirenIsang sinaunang sirenia.150px 40 MaGenus:
 Prorastomus150px ??? MaGenus:
 Protosiren48.6–33.9 MaGenus:
 EotheroidesAng ninuno ng mga Sinaunang sirenia hanggang sa lahi ng  sirenian na nakatira sa katubigan150px??? MaGenus:
 Halitherium150px

Ebolusyon ng mga pinnipedo

The Pinniped Evolutionary Series Pag litaw Taxa Relasyon estado Diskripsyon Imahe 21 to 24 MaGenus:
 PuijilaAng sinasabing sinaunang uri ng  pinnipedo.200px ??? MaGenus:
 Potamotherium A very basal pinniped.200px 24-22 MaGenus:
 Enaliarctos Ang sinaunang lahi ng  seal, ngunit mas primitibo pa ang ulo at mga paa nito.200px

Ebolusyon of ng mga Kabayo
The Hyracotherium → Equus Evolutionary Series Pag litaw Taxa Kaugnayan Status Diskripsyon Imahe60-45 MaGenus:
 Hyracotherium 150px40-30 MaGenus:
 Mesohippus 150px20 MaGenus:
 Parahippus 150px17-11 MaGenus:
 Merychippus 150px12 MaGenus:
 Pliohippus 150px1.8-0 MaGenus:
 Equus 150px

Ebolusyon ng Sangkatauhan

The Human Evolutionary Series Pag litaw Taxa Kaugnay Estado  Diskripsyon Imahe36-32 MaGenus
 ApidiumAng sinaunang ninuno ng mga unggoy ayon sa mga rekord sa fossil , na itinatayang nabuhay bago mahati sa dalawang uri ang mga unggoy.Basal to both Old and New world monkeys.Primitive traits
 Smaller canines than later monkeys such as Parapithecus
 Retains some post-cranial characters seen in prosimians
Derived traits
 Fused mandibular symphysis
 Scapula similar to modern squirrel monkeys
 Low rounded molar cusps rather than high cusps as is seen in tarsiers and strepsirrhine33 MaGenus
 AegyptopithecusA Miocene monkey which bridges the gap between the Eocene ancestors of Old world monkeys and Miocene ancestor of Hominoidea.Tentatively positioned transitional form prior to the Old world monkey/ape split.Primitive traits
 Retained auditory features similar to Old world monkeys
 Incapable of true brachiation unlike extant apes
 Reduced capitular tail, but was proportionally smaller than Apidium
Derived traits
 Ape-like teeth including broad, flat incisors and sexually dimorphic canines
 A low sagittal keel and strong temporalis muscles
 Increased size in the visual cortex150px27-14 MaGenus
 ProconsulThis primate exhibits very ape-like features like its teeth, but much of its post-cranial remains are more similar to monkeys.Universally accepted to be intermediate between 'ape-like monkeys' such as Aegyptopithecus and later apes including hominids.Primitive traits
 Monkey-like wrist
 Narrow, monkey-like illium
Derived traits
 Completely lacked a fully formed tail
 5-Y pattern on lower molar cusps as also seen in hominoids 150px13 MaGenus:
 PierolapithecusA European ape which is considered to be the predecessor of the great apes.Some objections have been raised to this fossils status due to its location in Spain, but Pierolapithecus is likely a transitional taxon between generalized apes and the lineage which led to great apes.Pleisomorphic traits
 Relatively short fingers and walked in a similar quadrupedal fashion like baboons
 Lacks adaptations for both gibbon-style brachaition as well as derived knuckle-walking like in chimpanzee's and gorilla's
Derived traits
 Flat, wider rib cage like great apes for tree-climbing
 The clavicle is large and similar to modern chimps suggesting a dorsally positioned scapula4.4 MaGenus:
 Ardipithecus Ang isang gubat hominid inangkop sa hayop na may apat na paa nabubuhay sa mga kahoy lokomosyon, ngunit din para sa bipedalism. Intermediate sa pagitan ng huling mga karaniwang ninuno ng chimps at mga kawani na tao, at ang australopithecines. 'Primitive mga ugali'''
 Talino na mas maliit kaysa sa ibang pagkakataon hominids mula sa tungkol sa 300-350 cc
 Paa thumb ay hindi binawi sa paanan bilang isang 'malaking daliri'
 Phalanges ay mas mabigat kaysa sa hindi tuwid sa Australopithecus 'Nagmula mga ugali Nabawasang laki sa canines, gayunpaman mananatili pa rin dimorphic characte
|150px
|-
|4.4-2.0 Ma
|Genus: Australopithecus
|Unang kilala genus ng ganap na may dalawang paa apes na kung saan ay marahil minamana sa matatag australopithecus at ang genus homo.
| Intermediate sa pagitan ng patay may apat na paa at may dalawang paa apes. Habang ang relasyon sa pagitan ng ilang mga species ay nire-revise, Australopithecus afarensis ay itinuturing na, sa pamamagitan ng karamihan ng mga eksperto, ang ninuno sa lahat mamaya hominids.
|Primitibong hitsura Some species retain a sagittal crest
 kurbada pa ang phalanges, palatandaan na  tumitira sa itaas ng mga puno.
 Semisectorial premolar is present
 Prognathic face to varying degreesPagbabago Fully bipedal as indicated by many features including the knee joint, hips, lumbar curve in the spine, position of the foramen magnum, and feet
 lumaki ang sukat ng utak nito ng mga 375-500 cc
 nag babago din ang hitsura ng panga.
| 150px
|-
|2.3-1.4 Ma
|Species: Homo habilis

| Ang isang maagang pantao kung saan ay ang morphological link sa pagitan ng [[australopithecines at mamaya pantao species.
| Perpekto intermediate sa pagitan ng maagang hominids at mamaya mga kawani na tao, marahil ay minamana sa mga modernong tao.
|Primitibong hitsura Pronounced brow ridge
 Hindi pa sila nakakatayo ng tuwid tulad sa modernong mga tao, gumagamit parin ng kamay para sa pag lalakad.
 kahit na bahagyang lummit ang hitsura ng mukha, medyo malaki parin ang mgipin ng mga ito.Derived traits lumaki din ang sukat ng utak nito ng mga  510-800 cc.
 hindi pa akma ang hitsura ng mga ito sa modernong mga tao.
 Maaring nakakapag salita na ang mga ito? 
 Sila ang mga gumagamit ng mga kasangkapang bato.
| 150px
|-
|2.0-1.0 Ma
|Species: Homo erectus
|Sila ang pinaka matagumpay na lahi na kung saan ang mga Modernong tao at mga  neanderthals. Hinihilalang sila din ang mga unang tao na kumalat at nag tayo ng mga grupo ng pamayanan sa Aprika? 
|Sila ang ninuno ng mga Modernong tao  at neanderthals.
|Primitibong Hitsura Still retains a heavy brow ridge and nuchal torus
 Hindi parin sila nakakapag salita tulad sa modernong mga tao.
 Makakapal pa ang mga buto, at malalaki pa ang mga ngipin para sa modernong tao.Pag babago Mas bilog na ang utak nito, (mga 900-1100 cc) kay sa  H. habilis
 Face is orthognathic compared to H. habilis
 hinihilalang sila din ay nakakapag grupo sa twing silay nagagaso.
 Hinihilalang ang lahing ito ang aksidenteng naka diskubre ng Apoy at nakakagamit na din sila ng mga kasangkapan.
| 150px
|-
|500 Ka-recent
|Species Homo rhodesiensis
| Homo rhodesiensis ay ang agarang ninuno ng modernong mga tao kung saan talaga displaced ang neanderthal s sa Europa at ng isla mga 'hobbit' ng timog-silangan Asya.  H. rhodesiensis umunlad mula sa Homo erectus tungkol sa kalahati ng isang milyong taon na ang nakaraan ngunit pa rin Pinapanatili ang ilang mga primitive na mga katangian tulad ng medyo makapal na buto at molars mas malaki kaysa sa modernong tao.
| Minamana sa mga modernong tao.
|Mga Primitibong hitsura Malaki pa ang mga ngipin
 Heavy brow ridge
 Extremely robust build in most groupsPagbabago '''
 Rounder, less broad based cranium
 Malaki na ang utak, Nakakapag isip na katulad sa modernong mga tao. 150px

Mga sanggunian

Mga Kawing Pang labas
 Vuletic.com, Section V: Paleontology – Transitional fossils between every animal group
 Palaeos.com , Palaeos vertebrates starting with lobe-finned fish (very comprehensive)
 Talk.origins.org, FAQ: Transitional vertebrate fossils
 (A few) transitional fossils