ᥘᥤᥐ ᥗᥭᥰ

ᥑᥣᥛᥰ ᥗᥭᥰ ᥟᥢ ᥝᥣ ᥘᥢᥳ ᥕᥣᥱ ᥙᥥᥴ ᥟᥝ ᥐᥣᥱ ᥘᥩᥰ ᥓᥩᥛᥰ ᥑᥣᥛᥰ ᥗᥭᥰ ᥓᥥᥒᥱ ᥓᥣᥢᥰ ᥝᥢᥰ ᥖᥨᥐᥱ ᥘᥦᥲ ᥗᥭᥰ ᥖᥩᥢᥲ ᥐᥣᥒ ᥘᥢᥳ ᥔᥥᥴ ᥐᥛᥰ။ ᥑᥣᥛᥰ ᥗᥭᥰ ภาษาไทย ᥘᥭᥳ ᥔᥣ ᥕᥣᥛᥴ ᥘᥭᥴ ᥐᥩᥲ ᥝᥣ  Although"Thai" has become more common, the older term"Siamese" is still used by linguists, especially when disambiguating from other Tai languages (Diller 2008:6[full citation needed])."Proto-Thai", for example, is the ancestor of all of Southwestern Tai, not just of Siamese (Rischel 1998[full citation needed]).  ᥟᥛᥱ ᥘᥢᥴ ᥗᥭᥰ ᥖᥩᥢᥲ ᥐᥣᥒ ᥘᥭᥴ ᥐᥩᥲ ᥝᥣ ᥕᥧᥱ။ ᥙᥥᥢ ᥑᥨᥝᥲ ᥑᥣᥛᥰ ᥟᥢ ᥕᥧᥒᥱ ᥖᥪᥰ ᥘᥬᥰ ᥘᥧᥛᥰ ᥗᥭᥰ ᥔᥥᥴ ᥘᥭᥲ ᥝᥣ ᥙᥥᥢ ᥑᥨᥝᥲ ᥑᥣᥛᥰ ᥒᥝᥲ ᥐᥨᥢᥰ ᥗᥭᥰ ᥑᥝᥴ ᥘᥢᥳ ᥕᥝᥳ။ ᥗᥭᥰ ᥘᥭᥳ ᥑᥝᥲ ᥙᥣᥰ ᥘᥬᥰ ᥓᥧᥛᥰ ᥑᥫᥰ ᥖᥭᥰ ᥔᥥᥴ ᥑᥨᥝᥲ ᥑᥣᥛᥰ ᥗᥭᥰ ᥘᥢᥳ ᥙᥥᥢ ᥘᥬᥰ ᥓᥧᥛᥰ ᥐᥨᥢᥰ ᥖᥭᥰ -ᥐᥣᥳ ᥖᥭᥰ Tai-Kadai Language ᥘᥢᥳ ᥕᥝᥳ။ ᥑᥨᥝᥲ ᥑᥣᥛᥰ ᥗᥭᥰ ᥑᥫᥒ ᥙᥣᥭ ᥘᥢᥳ ᥐᥥᥐᥳ ᥟᥝ ᥑᥨᥝᥲ ᥑᥣᥛᥰ ᥙᥣᥱ ᥘᥤ၊ ᥔᥐᥳ ᥐᥖ ᥘᥦᥲ ᥑᥣᥛᥰ ᥑᥣ ᥛᥥᥢᥴ ᥙᥣᥢ ᥐᥝᥱ ᥘᥢᥳ ᥛᥣᥰ ᥘᥨᥝᥰ ᥝᥭᥳ။ ᥑᥨᥝᥲ ᥑᥣᥛᥰ ᥗᥭᥰ ᥘᥭᥳ ᥛᥤᥰ ᥔᥥᥒᥴ ᥑᥪᥢᥲ ᥔᥥᥒᥴ ᥘᥨᥒᥰ (Tonal)ᥔᥥᥴ ᥙᥥᥢ ᥚᥣᥱ ᥔᥣᥱ ᥑᥨᥝᥲ ᥑᥣᥛᥰ ᥟᥢ ᥓᥦᥐᥱ ᥕᥦᥐ ᥝᥭᥳ ᥙᥫᥒ ᥘᥫᥒ။ ᥑᥣᥛᥰ ᥗᥭᥰ ᥘᥦᥲ ᥑᥣᥛᥰ ᥘᥣᥝᥰ ᥘᥭᥳ ᥛᥫᥢᥴ ᥐᥢ ᥔᥥᥴ ᥘᥩᥒ ᥖᥦᥛᥲ ᥘᥤᥐ ᥘᥢᥳ ᥖᥥᥳ ᥙᥦᥐᥱ ᥙᥫᥒ ᥐᥢ ᥟᥤᥖᥴ ᥟᥩᥖᥴ ᥕᥧᥱ။ ᥙᥨᥝᥰ ᥟᥝ ᥟᥣ ᥛᥥᥝᥰ ᥑᥣᥛᥰ ᥝᥣ ᥖᥥᥳ ᥛᥫᥢᥴ ᥐᥢ ᥕᥝᥳ။"Ausbau and Abstand languages". Ccat.sas.upenn.edu. 1995-01-20. Retrieved 2012-07-08. 

ᥖᥨᥝ ᥛᥥ ᥘᥤᥐ ᥗᥭᥰ
ᥖᥨᥝ ᥛᥥ ᥘᥤᥐ ᥗᥭᥰ อักษรไทย ᥘᥭᥳ ᥙᥥᥢ ᥘᥤᥐ ᥖᥣᥱ ᥖᥪᥰ ᥖᥦᥛᥲ ᥑᥣᥛᥰ ᥗᥭᥰ ᥘᥦᥲ ᥑᥣᥛᥰ ᥖᥣᥒᥱ ᥟᥣ ᥛᥥᥝᥰ ᥘᥬᥰ ᥛᥫᥒᥰ ᥗᥭᥰ ᥞᥝᥳ ။ ᥛᥥ ᥔᥥᥒᥴ พยัญชนะ ᥛᥤᥰ 44 ᥖᥨᥝ၊ ᥛᥥ ᥓᥣᥙ สระ ᥛᥤᥰ 15 ᥖᥨᥝ ᥔᥥᥴ ᥙᥨᥝᥰ ᥓᥣᥙ ᥐᥢ ᥙᥥᥢ ᥐᥣᥱ ᥛᥥ ᥓᥣᥙ 28 ᥖᥨᥝ။ ᥗᥝᥴ ᥔᥥᥒᥴ 4 ᥔᥥᥒᥴ။
Alphabetic
 ᥛᥥᥖ ᥛᥣᥭᥴ  ᥓᥪ ᥞᥩᥒᥳ  RTGS IPA ᥑᥐᥴ ᥔᥥᥒᥴ  ᥗᥭᥰ RTGS  ᥖᥤ ᥙᥩᥒᥱ  ᥔᥥᥒᥴ ᥒᥝᥲ  နောံဆုံး  ကနဦး  နောံဆုံး ก
က ก ไก่
ᥐᥩ ᥐᥭᥱko kai  ᥐᥭᥱ k  k     ᥐᥣᥒ ข
ခ ข ไข่
ᥑᥩ ᥑᥭᥱkho khai  ᥑᥭᥱ kh  k     ᥔᥧᥒᥴ ฃ
ခ ฃ ขวด
ᥠᥩ ᥠᥨᥖᥱkho khuat  ᥖᥝ kh  k     ᥔᥧᥒᥴ ค
ဂ ค ควาย
ᥑᥩ ᥑᥩᥭkho khwai   ᥑᥣᥭᥰ  kh  k     ᥖᥛᥱ ฅ
ဂ ฅ คน
ᥑᥩ ᥑᥨᥢkho khon   ᥐᥨᥢᥰ  kh  k     ᥖᥛᥱ ฆ
ဃ ฆ ระฆัง
ᥑᥩ ᥢᥣᥳ u ᥑᥒkho ra-khang   ᥞᥤᥒᥱ  kh  k     ᥖᥛᥱ ง
င ง งู
ᥒᥩ ᥒᥧngo ngu   ᥒᥧᥰ  ng  ng     ᥖᥛᥱ จ
စ จ จาน
ᥓᥩ ᥓᥣᥢcho chan   အပြား  ch  t     ᥐᥣᥒ ฉ
ဆ ฉ ฉิ่ง
ᥡᥩ ᥡᥤᥒᥱcho ching   ᥔᥦᥒᥱ ᥔᥤᥒᥰ  ch  –     ᥔᥧᥒᥴ ช
ဇ ช ช้าง
ᥡᥩ ᥡᥣᥒᥳcho chang   ᥓᥣᥒᥳ  ch  t     ᥖᥛᥱ ซ
ဇ ซ โซ่
ᥔᥩ ᥔᥨᥝᥳ so so   ᥓᥦᥒ  s  t     ᥖᥛᥱ ฌ
ဈ ฌ เฌอ
ᥡᥩ ᥡᥫcho choe   ᥖᥨᥢᥲ ᥛᥭᥳ  ch  –     ᥖᥛᥱ  ည ญ หญิง
ᥕᥩ ᥕᥤᥒᥴyo ying   ᥕᥤᥒᥰ  y  n     ᥖᥛᥱ ฎ
ဋ ฎ ชฎา
ᥖᥩ ᥡᥣᥳ ᥖᥣdo cha-da   ᥟᥢ ᥛᥣᥖᥱ ᥞᥨᥝᥴ  d  t     ᥐᥣᥒ ฏ
ဋ
|| style="text-align: left" | ฏ ปฏัก
ᥖᥩ ᥙᥣ ᥖᥐᥱto pa-tak   ᥞᥩᥐᥱ ᥘᥦᥛᥴ၊ ᥔᥣᥛᥲ  t  t     ᥐᥣᥒ  ဌ ฐ ฐาน
ᥗᥩ ᥗᥣᥢᥴtho than   ᥙᥧᥢᥳ ᥒᥝᥲ  th  t     ᥔᥧᥒᥴ ฑ
ဍ ฑ มณโฑ
ᥗᥩ ᥛᥨᥢ ᥗᥨᥝtho montho   ᥘᥣᥒᥰ ᥛᥨᥢ ᥗᥨᥝ  th  t     ᥖᥛᥱ ฒ
ဎ ฒ ผู้เฒ่า
ᥗᥩ ᥚᥧᥲ ᥗᥝᥲtho phu-thao   ᥚᥧᥱ ᥗᥝᥲ  th  t     ᥖᥛᥱ ณ ဏ  ณ เณร
ᥢᥩ ᥢᥥᥢno nen   ᥓᥝᥲ ᥔᥣᥒᥱ  n  n     ᥖᥛᥱ ด
ဒ ด เด็ก
ᥖᥩ ᥖᥥᥐᥱdo dek   ᥘᥧᥐ ᥟᥩᥢᥱ  d  t     ᥐᥣᥒ ต
တ ต เต่า
ᥖᥩ ᥖᥝᥱto tao   ᥖᥝᥱ  t  t     ᥐᥣᥒ ถ
ထ ถ ถุง
ᥗᥩᥴ ᥗᥨᥒᥴtho thung   ᥗᥨᥒᥴ  th  t      ᥔᥧᥒᥴ ท
ဒ ท ทหาร
ᥗᥩ ᥗᥣᥳ ᥞᥣᥢᥴ tho thahan   ᥔᥫᥐᥱ ᥞᥣᥢᥴ  th  t      ᥖᥛᥱ ธ
ဓ ธ ธง 
ᥗᥩ ᥗᥨᥒtho thong   ᥖᥧᥒᥰ(ᥟᥣ ᥘᥣᥛᥱ ᥓᥩᥛ ᥙᥤᥝ)  th  t      ᥖᥛᥱ น
န น หนู
ᥢᥩ ᥢᥧᥴno nu   ᥘᥧᥴ  n  n      ᥖᥛᥱ บ
ပ บ ใบไม้
ᥙᥩ ᥙᥭ ᥛᥭᥳbo baimai   ᥛᥬ ᥛᥭᥳ  b  p      ᥐᥣᥒ ป
ပ ป ปลา
ᥙᥩ ᥙᥣ ᥘᥣpo pla   ᥙᥣ  p  p      ᥐᥣᥒ ผ
ဖ ผ ผึ้ง
ᥚᥩᥴ ᥚᥪᥒᥲpho phueng   ᥚᥪᥒᥲ  ph  –      ᥔᥧᥒᥴ ฝ
ဖ ฝ ฝา ᥚᥩᥴ ᥚᥣᥴfo fa   ᥚᥣᥲ ᥞᥨᥛᥱ  f  –      ᥔᥧᥒᥴ พ
ဗ พ พาน
ᥚᥩ ᥚᥣᥢpho phan  ᥙᥣᥢᥳ  ph  p      ᥖᥛᥱ ฟ
ဗ ฟ ฟัน
ᥜᥩ ᥜᥢfo fan   ᥑᥥᥝᥲ(ᥜᥢᥰ)  f  p      ᥖᥛᥱ ภ
ဘ ภ สำเภา
ᥚᥩ ᥔᥛᥴ ᥚᥝpho sam-phao   ᥞᥫᥰ ᥘᥣᥒᥰ ᥕᥣᥢᥰ  ph  p      ᥖᥛᥱ ม
မ ม ม้า
ᥛᥩ ᥛᥣᥳmo ma   ᥛᥣᥳ  m m      ᥖᥛᥱ ย
ယ ย ยักษ์
ᥕᥩ ᥕᥐᥰyo yak   ᥕᥐᥱ ᥚᥤᥴ ᥘᥧᥰ  y    or n      or   ᥖᥛᥱ ร
ရ ร เรือ
-ro ruea   ᥞᥫᥰ  r  n      ᥖᥛᥱ ล
လ ล ลิง
ᥘᥩ ᥘᥤᥒ lo ling   ᥘᥤᥒᥰ  l  n      ᥖᥛᥱ ว
ဝ ว แหวน
ᥝᥩ ᥝᥦᥢᥴ wo waen   ᥛᥩᥒᥰ ᥐᥨᥭᥰ၊ ᥞᥣᥒᥴ ᥓᥩᥙᥱ  w        ᥖᥛᥱ ศ
ၐ ศ ศาลา
ᥔᥩ ᥔᥣ ᥘᥣ so sala   ᥔᥣᥴ ᥘᥣᥰ(ᥓᥣ ᥘᥩᥙ)  s  t      ᥔᥧᥒᥴ ษ
ၑ ษ ฤๅษี
ᥔᥩ ᥘᥪᥳ ᥔᥤᥴ so rue-si   ᥓᥝᥲ ᥕᥣ ᥔᥥᥰ  s  t      ᥔᥧᥒᥴ ส
သ ส เสือ
ᥔᥩ ᥔᥫᥴ ᥟᥣᥱ so suea   ᥔᥫᥴ  s  t      ᥔᥧᥒᥴ ห
ဟ ห หีบ
ᥞᥩ ᥞᥤᥙᥱho hip   ᥖᥫᥐ  h –      ᥔᥧᥒᥴ ฬ
ဠ ฬ จุฬา
ᥘᥩ ᥓᥧ ᥘᥣlo chu-la   ᥐᥣ ᥝᥣᥝᥱ၊ ᥘᥣᥒᥰ ᥕᥣᥢᥰ  l n      ᥖᥛᥱ อ
အ
|| style="text-align: left" | อ อ่าง
ᥟᥩ ᥟᥣᥒᥱo ang   ᥟᥣᥒᥱ  –      ᥐᥣᥒ ฮ
ဂှ ฮ นกฮูก
ᥞᥩ ᥢᥨᥐᥳ ᥞᥨᥐho nok-huk   ᥘᥨᥐ ᥐᥝᥳ  h  –      ᥖᥛᥱ Notes
  The lower curves of the letter ญ are removed when certain letters are written below them, such as ญ + the mark nikkhahit (lower dot) = ญฺ, etc.
  The lower curves of the letter ฐ are removed when certain letters are written below them, such as ฐ + the vowel mark ุ = ฐุ, etc.
  When ย ends a syllable, it is usually part of the vowel. For example, mai (หมาย, [maːj˩˥]), muai (หมวย, [muaj˩˥]), roi (โรย, [roːj˧]), and thui (ทุย, [tʰuj˧]). There are some cases in which ย ends a syllable and is not part of the vowel (but serves as an independent ending consonant). An example is phinyo (ภิยโย, [pʰĩn˧.joː˧]).
  When ว ends a syllable, it is always part of the vowel. For example, hio (หิว, [hiw˩˥]), kao (กาว, [kaːw˧]), klua (กลัว, [kluːa˧]), and reo (เร็ว, [rew˧]).
  อ is a special case in that at the beginning of a word it is used as a silent initial for syllables that start with a vowel (all vowels are written relative to a consonant — see below). The same symbol is used as a vowel in non-initial position.

 ᥑᥣᥛᥰ ᥟᥢ ᥐᥙᥴ ᥐᥣᥭᥱ ᥑᥣᥛᥰ ᥗᥭᥰ 
ᥚᥣᥱ ᥔᥣᥱ ᥑᥣᥛᥰ ᥗᥭᥰ ᥘᥭᥳ ᥙᥥᥢ ᥑᥣᥛᥰ ᥟᥢ ᥕᥧᥒᥱ ᥘᥬᥰ ᥘᥧᥛᥰ ᥗᥭᥰ ᥔᥥᥴ ᥐᥨᥢᥰ ᥘᥣᥖ ᥛᥢᥰ ᥛᥤᥰ ᥕᥧᥱ 20 ᥘᥣᥢᥳ (ᥙᥤ 2000) ᥘᥫᥴ ᥘᥫᥴ။ ᥑᥨᥝᥲ ᥑᥣᥛᥰ ᥗᥭᥰ ᥟᥢ ᥕᥧᥒᥱ ᥑᥪᥖᥴ ᥐᥣᥙ ᥘᥢᥳ ᥖᥥᥳ ᥙᥥᥢ ᥑᥣᥛᥰ ᥟᥢ ᥘᥣᥖ ᥖᥤ ᥛᥫᥒᥰ ᥐᥩᥐᥱ ᥟᥢ ᥓᥫᥰ ᥐᥨᥢᥰ ᥛᥤᥰ ᥓᥢᥳ ᥑᥝᥴ ᥘᥣᥖ ᥘᥢᥳ ᥕᥝᥳ။  Andrew Simpson (2007). Language and national identity in Asia. Oxford University Press. Standard Thai is a form of Central Thai based on the variety of Thai spoken earlier by the elite of the court, and now by the educated middle and upper classes of Bangkok. It... was standardized in grammar books in the nineteenth century, and spread dramatically from the 1930s onwards, when public education became much more widespread   Peansiri VongvWp/shn/IPAnond (Summer 1994)."Linguistic Perspectives of Thai Culture". paper presented to a workshop of teachers of social science. University of New Orleans. p. 2. Retrieved 26 April 2011. The dialect one hears on radio and television is the Bangkok dialect, considered the standard dialect.  ᥘᥫᥴ ᥔᥥᥴ ᥗᥭᥰ ᥖᥩᥢ ᥐᥣᥒ ᥘᥢᥳ ᥛᥫᥒᥰ ᥗᥭᥰ ᥘᥭᥳ ᥙᥥᥢ ᥒᥝᥲ ᥒᥣᥱ ᥑᥣᥛᥰ ᥖᥭᥰ Tai Language ᥘᥧᥰ ᥐᥩᥢᥱ။ ᥚᥧᥱ ᥘᥥᥙ ᥞᥥᥢᥰ ᥙᥣᥭᥰ ᥚᥣᥱ ᥔᥣᥱ ᥑᥨᥝᥲ ᥑᥣᥛᥰ ᥑᥝᥴ ᥖᥥᥳ ᥝᥣ ᥑᥨᥝᥲ ᥑᥣᥛᥰ ᥐᥝᥱ ᥝᥨᥝᥰ ᥞᥣᥱ ᥘᥣᥳ ᥐᥝᥱ ᥑᥝᥴ ᥓᥫᥰ ᥘᥢᥳ ᥛᥢᥰ ᥛᥤᥰ ᥘᥩᥒ ᥐᥩᥒᥳ ᥐᥣᥭᥱ ᥐᥢ ᥕᥧᥱ ᥝᥣ ᥘᥭᥴ ᥔᥥᥴ ᥖᥣᥳ ᥟᥢ ᥙᥦᥐᥱ ᥙᥫᥒ ᥐᥢ ᥘᥭᥳ ᥐᥩᥲ ᥛᥢᥰ ᥙᥥᥢ ᥘᥨᥭ ᥝᥨᥝᥰ ᥞᥣᥱ ᥘᥣᥳ ᥖᥩᥢᥲ ᥘᥬ ᥖᥩᥢᥲ ᥘᥢᥳ ᥟᥛᥱ ᥛᥫᥢᥴ ᥐᥢ ᥟᥤᥖᥱ ᥟᥩᥖᥴ ᥐᥩᥭᥰ။ Antonio L. Rappa; Lionel Wee (2006), Language Policy and Modernity in Southeast Asia: Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand, Springer, pp. 114–115  
 ᥑᥣᥛᥰ ᥗᥭᥰ ᥘᥬᥰ ᥛᥫᥒᥰ ᥗᥭᥰ 
 ᥟᥤᥱ ᥔᥣᥢᥴ (ᥗᥭᥰ ᥙᥩᥖᥴ ᥞᥩᥒᥱ) ᥑᥣᥛᥰ ᥟᥤᥱ ᥔᥣᥢᥴ ᥘᥭᥳ ᥘᥣᥖ ᥐᥢ ᥖᥤ ᥘᥬᥰ ᥛᥫᥒᥰ ᥗᥭᥰ။ ᥖᥥᥴ ᥘᥭᥲ ᥝᥣ ᥙᥥᥢ ᥑᥣᥛᥰ ᥘᥣᥝᥰ ᥟᥢ ᥛᥣᥰ ᥘᥣᥖᥲ ᥘᥬᥰ ᥛᥫᥒᥰ ᥗᥭᥰ ᥔᥥᥴ ᥔᥛᥳ ᥕᥧᥒᥱ ᥖᥪᥰ ᥘᥤᥐ ᥗᥭᥰ။ ᥐᥨᥢᥰ ᥘᥣᥖ ᥑᥣᥛᥰ ᥟᥤᥱ ᥔᥣᥢᥴ ᥛᥤᥰ ᥕᥧᥱ ᥛᥩᥐ 20 ᥘᥣᥢᥳ။ ᥐᥨᥢᥰ ᥗᥭᥰ ᥟᥢ ᥛᥤᥰ ᥖᥤ ᥚᥣᥭᥱ ᥘᥬᥰ ᥚᥣᥭᥱ ᥘᥩᥐ ᥓᥥ ᥖᥩᥢ ᥟᥤᥱ ᥔᥣᥢᥴ ᥘᥧᥐ ᥖᥤ ᥐᥨᥢᥰ ᥘᥣᥖ ᥑᥣᥛᥰ ᥘᥣᥝᥰ ᥛᥫ ᥐᥩᥢᥱ ᥔᥥᥴ ᥘᥦᥐ ᥘᥣᥭ ᥛᥣᥰ ᥐᥩᥭᥰ.
 ᥗᥭᥰ ᥙᥩᥖᥴ ᥞᥩᥒᥱ (ᥚᥣᥱ ᥔᥣᥱ ᥘᥫᥴ၊ ᥘᥣᥢᥳ ᥘᥣᥰ၊ ᥑᥣᥛᥰ ᥛᥫᥒᥰ ᥟᥛᥱ ᥘᥢᥴ ᥕᥨᥢᥰ) ᥘᥢᥳ ᥐᥨᥢᥰ ᥘᥣᥖ ᥛᥢᥰ ᥛᥤᥰ ᥕᥧᥱ 6 ᥘᥣᥢᥳ (1983) ᥛᥫ ᥙᥣᥢ ᥓᥝᥲ ᥞᥨᥝᥴ ᥑᥛᥰ ᥘᥣᥢᥳ ᥢᥣᥰ (ᥐᥥᥒᥰ ᥛᥬᥱ)ᥘᥢᥳ ᥘᥣᥝᥰ ᥘᥦᥲ ᥗᥭᥰ ᥛᥫᥢᥴ ᥐᥢ ᥔᥥᥴ ᥗᥭᥰ ᥐᥩᥲ ᥝᥣ ᥑᥝᥴ ᥕᥢ ᥖᥤ ᥘᥣᥝᥰ ᥔᥥᥴ ᥛᥣᥰ။
 ᥗᥭᥰ ᥙᥩᥖᥴ ᥓᥣᥢᥰ (ᥗᥭᥰ ᥖᥭᥰ၊ ᥚᥣᥐᥱ ᥖᥭᥰ ᥟᥛᥱ ᥘᥢᥴ ᥖᥛ ᥙᥣ ᥘᥨᥝᥰ) ᥘᥢᥳ ᥐᥨᥢᥰ ᥘᥣᥖ ᥑᥣᥛᥰ ᥛᥢᥰ ᥛᥤᥰ ᥕᥧᥱ,ᥛᥤᥰ ᥕᥧᥱ 4.5 ᥘᥣᥢᥳ (2006)
 ᥙᥧᥱ ᥗᥭᥰ ᥐᥨᥢᥰ ᥘᥣᥖ ᥑᥣᥛᥰ ᥙᥧᥱ ᥗᥭᥰ ᥛᥤᥰ ᥕᥧᥱ 5 ᥔᥦᥢᥴ ᥛᥤᥰ ᥕᥧᥱ ᥓᥩᥛᥰ ᥢᥣᥳ ᥑᥩᥢᥰ ᥚᥣ ᥢᥧᥛᥰ၊ 300,000 ᥐᥨᥝᥳ ᥘᥫᥴ ᥔᥛᥳ ᥛᥤᥰ ᥕᥧᥱ ᥖᥤ ᥘᥬᥰ ᥛᥫᥒᥰ ᥘᥣᥝᥰ ᥘᥦᥲ ᥛᥫᥒᥰ ᥝᥦᥖᥳ ᥘᥣᥛᥰ။
 ᥚᥩᥒᥰ ᥐᥨᥢᥰ ᥘᥣᥖ ᥑᥣᥛᥰ ᥚᥩᥒᥰ ᥛᥤᥰ ᥕᥧᥱ 200000 ᥕᥧᥱ ᥖᥤ ᥛᥫᥒᥰ ᥗᥭᥰ ᥖᥩᥢᥲ ᥐᥣᥒ ᥘᥦᥲ ᥟᥤᥱ ᥔᥣᥢᥴ။ 100000 ᥐᥨᥝᥳ ᥘᥫᥴ ᥛᥤᥰ ᥛᥫᥒᥰ ᥘᥣᥝᥰ ᥙᥩᥖᥴ ᥞᥩᥒᥱ (2006)
 ᥖᥭᥰ ᥡᥣᥛᥱ (ရှမ်း) (ᥖᥭᥰ ᥘᥨᥒᥴ၊ ᥗᥭᥰ ᥕᥬᥱ) 100000 ᥐᥨᥝᥳ ᥛᥤᥰ ᥖᥤ ᥓᥥᥒᥱ ᥞᥩᥒᥱ ᥝᥢᥰ ᥖᥨᥐᥱ ᥛᥫᥒᥰ ᥗᥭᥰ။ 3.2 ᥘᥣᥢᥳ ᥛᥤᥰ ᥘᥬᥰ ᥛᥫᥒᥰ ᥛᥣᥢ။ (2006)
 ᥘᥪᥳ (ᥘᥪᥳ၊ ᥕᥨᥢᥰ၊ ᥖᥭᥰ) ᥚᥧᥱ ᥘᥣᥖ ᥑᥣᥛᥰ ᥛᥢᥰ ᥛᥤᥰ 1 ᥘᥣᥢᥳ ᥖᥛ ᥖᥤ ᥛᥫᥒᥰ ᥗᥭᥰ ᥙᥩᥖᥴ ᥞᥩᥒᥱ။ 600000 ᥘᥫᥴ ᥛᥤᥰ ᥖᥤ ᥔᥤᥙᥱ ᥔᥩᥒᥴ ᥙᥢᥰ ᥘᥣᥰ၊ ᥛᥫᥒᥰ ᥛᥣᥢ ᥘᥦᥲ ᥘᥣᥝᥰ။ (1981-2000)
 ᥒᥦᥝᥳ ᥛᥤᥰ 50000 ᥐᥨᥝᥳ ᥛᥤᥰ ᥖᥛ ᥖᥤ ᥢᥣᥳ ᥑᥩᥢᥰ ᥚᥣ ᥢᥨᥛᥰ၊ᥔᥣ ᥑᥩᥢᥰ ᥢᥣ ᥑᥩᥢᥰ၊ ᥟᥧ ᥖᥩᥢᥰ ᥗᥣᥴ ᥢᥤᥱ ᥟᥢ ᥛᥤᥰ ᥓᥥᥒᥱ ᥞᥩᥒᥱ ᥝᥢᥰ ᥟᥩᥐᥱ ᥛᥫᥒᥰ ᥗᥭᥰ။
 ᥔᥨᥒᥳ ᥛᥤᥰ 30000 ᥐᥨᥝᥳ ᥛᥤᥰ ᥖᥛ ᥖᥤ ᥛᥫᥒᥰ ᥗᥭᥰ ᥙᥩᥖᥴ ᥐᥣᥒ ᥘᥦᥲ ᥙᥩᥖᥱ ᥞᥩᥒᥱ။
 ᥘᥤᥐ ᥗᥭᥰ 
ᥚᥧᥱ ᥘᥨᥒᥳ ᥚᥣᥭᥱ ᥘᥤᥐᥳ ᥑᥝᥴ ᥕᥧᥛᥱ ᥕᥛ ᥝᥣ ᥘᥤᥐ ᥗᥭᥰ ᥘᥭᥳ ᥘᥧᥐᥳ ᥖᥤ ᥖᥨᥝ ᥘᥤᥐ ᥑᥣ ᥛᥥᥢᥴ ᥔᥥᥴ ᥙᥥᥢ ᥛᥣᥰ။ ᥘᥤᥐ ᥑᥣ ᥛᥥᥢᥴ ᥔᥛᥳ ᥘᥧᥐ ᥖᥤ ᥘᥤᥐ ᥙᥣ ᥘᥣᥳ ᥞᥣᥳ ᥛᥤᥱ ᥟᥢ ᥙᥥᥢ ᥟᥣ ᥛᥥᥝᥰ ᥘᥤᥐ ᥘᥬᥰ ᥛᥫᥒᥰ ᥟᥤᥢᥱ ᥖᥤᥳ ᥕᥣᥳ ᥘᥢᥳ ᥕᥝᥳ။ ᥙᥥᥢ ᥞᥪᥴ ᥙᥥᥢ ᥘᥤᥐ ᥗᥭᥰ ᥘᥭᥳ ᥒᥣᥭᥰ ᥛᥫᥢᥴ ᥘᥤᥐ ᥖᥭᥰ ᥘᥛᥴ ᥝᥭᥳ ᥔᥥᥴ ᥖᥤᥴ ᥐᥩᥒᥳ ᥐᥣᥭᥱ ᥐᥢ ᥛᥫᥢᥴ ᥘᥒᥱ ᥘᥤᥐ ᥑᥣ ᥛᥥᥢᥴ ᥘᥢᥳ ᥒᥝᥲ ᥛᥢᥰ ᥘᥧᥐ ᥖᥤ ᥟᥤᥢᥱ ᥖᥤᥳ ᥕᥣᥳ ᥛᥣᥰ ᥘᥢᥳ ᥕᥧᥱ။ ᥑᥣᥛᥰ ᥗᥭᥰ ᥘᥦᥲ ᥘᥤᥐ ᥗᥭᥰ ᥘᥭᥳ ᥓᥛ ᥑᥣᥛᥰ ᥘᥣᥝᥰ ᥘᥦᥲ ᥘᥤᥐ ᥘᥣᥝᥰ ᥕᥝᥳ။ ᥓᥫᥰ ᥟᥢ ᥛᥨᥝᥴ ᥘᥤᥐ ᥘᥣᥝᥰ ᥘᥢᥳ ᥑᥝᥴ ᥛᥨᥝᥴ ᥚᥖᥴ ᥘᥭᥲ ᥘᥤᥐ ᥗᥭᥰ ᥞᥧᥳ ᥙᥩᥒᥱ ᥑᥣᥛᥰ ᥗᥭᥰ ᥕᥝᥳ။ ᥑᥨᥝᥲ ᥑᥣᥛᥰ ᥝᥨᥝᥰ ᥞᥣᥱ ᥘᥣᥲ၊ ᥔᥖᥳ ᥖᥣᥱ၊ ᥔᥥᥒᥴ ᥑᥪᥢᥲ ᥔᥥᥒᥴ ᥘᥨᥒᥰ ᥘᥦᥰ ᥔᥣᥱ ᥘᥣᥳ ᥗᥭᥰ ᥑᥫᥒ ᥙᥣᥭ ᥘᥢᥳ ᥛᥫᥢᥴ ᥐᥢ ᥖᥒᥰ ᥘᥣᥝᥰ ᥕᥝᥳ။ ᥛᥢᥰ ᥒᥣᥭᥰ ᥛᥫᥢᥴ ᥘᥤᥐ ᥛᥣᥢ ᥟᥝ ᥛᥣᥰ ᥖᥤ ᥘᥤᥐ ᥛᥩᥢᥰ ᥘᥢᥳ ᥕᥝᥳ။ ᥗᥭᥰ ᥟᥤᥒ ᥟᥝ ᥘᥤᥐ ᥑᥣ ᥛᥥᥢᥴ ᥔᥥᥴ ᥛᥥᥰ ᥞᥥᥖᥱ ᥞᥬᥲ ᥙᥥᥢ ᥘᥤᥐ ᥑᥝᥴ ᥛᥣᥰ ᥞᥬᥲ ᥑᥪᥢᥲ ᥕᥬᥱ ᥛᥤᥰ ᥓᥢᥳ ᥘᥣᥭᥰ ᥖᥦᥛᥲ ᥞᥒᥰ ᥑᥨᥝᥴ ᥑᥝᥴ ᥛᥣᥰ ᥕᥧᥱ။ ᥖᥨᥝ ᥘᥤᥐ ᥑᥣ ᥛᥥᥢᥴ ᥛᥤᥰ ᥛᥣᥰ ᥓᥥᥛ ᥛᥫ 600 CE ᥘᥢᥳ ᥔᥥᥴ ᥖᥨᥝ ᥘᥤᥐ ᥗᥭᥰ ᥖᥥᥳ ᥛᥤᥰ ᥛᥣᥰ ᥛᥩᥐ ᥛᥫ 1292 CE ᥘᥢᥳ ᥕᥝᥳ။

 ᥖᥤ ᥟᥣᥒᥲ ᥟᥤᥒ