Bioanuwai

Bioanwai (pia baioanwai; kwa Kiing. biodiversity) ni dhana ya biolojia inayoleenga kueleza wingi wa anwai za spishi za kibiolojia katika mazingira fulani, pamoja na wingi wa jeni katika mimea na wanyama wa eneo fulani.

 Umuhimu wa bioanwai 
Bioanwai ni muhimu kwa sababu viumbehai wote wanategemeana kwa namna fulani. 

 Misitu ni makazi ya wanyama
 Wanyama hula mimea
 Mimea hutegemea udongo wenye tabia fulani kwa ustawi wake
 Fungi zinasaidia kuozesha mimea na wanyama waliokufa
 Wadudu kama nyuki hubeba chavua kutoka mmea mmoja hadi mwingine na hivyo kuwezesha mimea mingi kuzaa
 Kama bioanwai hiyo katika makazi fulani inapungua, uhusiano baina ya pande zake unafifia na pande zote zinaweza kupata hasara.

Bioanwai ni muhimu kwa binadamu kwa namna nyingi. Mimea hutoa oksijeni na kusafisha hewa chafu. Mimea hutoa pia chakula, kivuli, vifaa vya ujenzi, dawa na nyuzi za nguo na karatasi. Mizizi ya mimea inapunguza mmomonyoko na mafuriko. Mimea, fungi na wadudu hutunza rutuba ya udongo na kusafisha maji. Kadri bioanwai inavyopungua, mifumo hiyo inaharibika.

Mfano ni matumizi ya kemikali katika kilimo yaliyolenga wadudu wanaoharibu mazao; lakini dawa hizo zunaathiri wadudu wote; katika nchi zenye matumizi makubwa ya dawa hizo idadi ya wadudu kwa jumla imepungua na kuhatarisha kustawi kwa mimea mingi pamoja na kilimo cha matunda.

Kuelewa na kutunza bioanwai ni shabaha muhimu katika hifadhi ya mazingira.

 Viungo vya Nje 

 NatureServe: This site serves as a portal for accessing several types of publicly available biodiversity data
 Biodiversity Factsheet by the University of Michigan's Center for Sustainable Systems
 Color-coded images of vertebrate biodiversity hotspots

 Taarifa 
 Biodiversity Synthesis Report (PDF) by the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MA, 2005)
 Conservation International hotspot map
 The Economics of Biodiversity: The Dasgupta Review 2021
 Zhuravlev, Yu. N., ed. (2000) Стратегия сохранения биоразнообразия Сихотэ-Алиня = A Biodiversity Conservation Strategy for the Sikhote-Alin' Vladivostok: Russian Academy of Sciences, Far Eastern Branch 

 Marejeo 
 GLOBIO, an ongoing program to map the past, current and future impacts of human activities on biodiversity
 World Map of Biodiversity an interactive map from the United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre
 Biodiversity Information Serving Our Nation (BISON) , provides a United States gateway for serving, searching, mapping and downloading integrated species occurrence records from multiple data sources
 Biodiversity Heritage Library – Open access digital library of taxonomic literature.
 Mapping of biodiversity
 Encyclopedia of Life – Documenting all species of life on earth.

jamii: Ekolojia