Oswald wa Northumbria

Oswald wa Northumbria (Deira, Northumbria, 604 hivi – Maserfield, 5 Agosti 641/642Bede gives the year of Oswald's death as 642, however there is some question as to whether what Bede considered 642 is the same as what would now be considered 642. R. L. Poole (Studies in Chronology and History, 1934) put forward the theory that Bede's years began in September, and if this theory is followed (as it was, for instance, by Frank Stenton in his notable history Anglo-Saxon England, first published in 1943), then the date of the Battle of Heavenfield (and the beginning of Oswald's reign) is pushed back from 634 to 633. Thus, if Oswald subsequently reigned for eight years, he would have actually been killed in 641. Poole's theory has been contested, however, and arguments have been made that Bede began his year on 25 December or 1 January, in which case Bede's years would be accurate as he gives them.) alikuwa mfalme wa Northumbria kuanzia mwaka 634 hadi kifo chake vitani. Aliunganisha tena nchi na kueneza Ukristo ndani yakehttp://www.santiebeati.it/dettaglio/65350. 

Ni kwamba mwaka 616 alilazimishwa kwenda uhamishoni katika kisiwa cha Iona ambako akabadilika kuwa Mkristo na kubatizwa. 

Mwaka 634 Oswald alirudishiwa ufalme wa Northumbria akaamua kuwaingiza katika Ukristo wananchi wake ambao wengi wao walikuwa Wapagani. Ili kutekeleza lengo hilo aliwaomba watawa wa Iona wamtumie wamisionari, naye Aidani wa Lindisfarne akafika mwaka 635.

Aidan alichagua kisiwa cha Lindisfarne kiwe makao makuu ya dayosisi yake kwa vile kilikuwa karibu na ngome ya kifalme kule Bamburgh. 

Mwanzoni alikuwa mfalme Oswald mwenyewe aliyewatafsiria Aidan na watawa wake kwa vile walikuwa hawajajifunza lugha ya kale ya Kiingereza. 

Jamadari hodari, ingawa alipenda zaidi amani, aliuawa na Wapagani waliomchukia Yesu Kristo.

Habari zake ziliandikwa hasa na Beda Mheshimiwa .

Tangu kale anaheshimiwa na Wakatoliki, Waorthodoksi na Waanglikana kama mtakatifu mfiadiniSee entry for 5 August .Craig, Oswald.

Sikukuu yake huadhimishwa tarehe ya kifo chakeMartyrologium Romanum.

Tazama pia
Watakatifu wa Agano la Kale
Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakristo
Orodha ya Watakatifu wa Afrika
Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko

Tanbihi

Marejeo ya Kiswahili
 John Kabeya na wengine - Maisha ya Watakatifu – ed. T.M.P. Book Department – Tabora 1965, 1989, uk. 273-274
 Pd. Leandry Kimario, O.F.M.Cap. - Mfahamu Mtakatifu Somo Wako - Maisha ya Watakatifu wa Kila Siku pamoja na Watakatifu Wafransisko - Toleo la pili - Dar es Salaam 2021, uk. 234

 Marejeo ya lugha nyingine
 Adomnán, Life of Saint Columba translated and edited Richard Sharpe. ISBN 0-14-044462-9
   (as )
 Bailey, Richard N., "St Oswald's Heads", in C. Stancliffe and E. Cambridge (eds), Oswald: Northumbrian King to European Saint (1995, 1996). ISBN 1-871615-51-8
 Brooks, Nicholas, "The formation of the Mercian kingdom", in S. Bassett (ed.), The Origins of Anglo-Saxon Kingdoms (1989).

 Kirby, D.P., The Earliest English Kings (1991, 2000). ISBN 0-04-445692-1
 Pelteret,  David A.E. "Oswald: d. 642," Reader's Guide to British History (London: Routledge, 2003) online in Credo Reference. Historiography
 Remfry, P.M., Annales Cambriae.  A Translation of Harleian 3859; PRO E.164/1; Cottonian Domitian, A 1; Exeter Cathedral Library MS. 3514 and MS Exchequer DB Neath, PRO E (ISBN 1-899376-81-X)
Rollason, David, "St Oswald in Post-Conquest England", in C. Stancliffe and E. Cambridge (eds), Oswald: Northumbrian King to European Saint (1995, 1996).
 Stancliffe, Clare, "Oswald, 'Most Holy and Most Victorious King of the Northumbrians'", in C. Stancliffe and E. Cambridge (eds), Oswald: Northumbrian King to European Saint (1995, 1996).
 Stancliffe, Clare, "Where Was Oswald Killed?", in C. Stancliffe and E. Cambridge (eds), Oswald: Northumbrian King to European Saint (1995). ISBN 1-871615-51-8
 Tudor, Victoria, "Reginald's Life of St Oswald", in C. Stancliffe and E. Cambridge (eds), Oswald: Northumbrian King to European Saint (1995, 1996). ISBN 1-871615-51-8
 Ziegler, Michelle, "The Politics of Exile in Early Northumbria", The Heroic Age, Issue 2, Autumn/Winter 1999.

Marejeo mengine
 Adams, Max (2013), The King in the North: The Life and Times of Oswald of Northumbria. ISBN 1781854181

Viungo vya nje

"St. Oswald, King and Martyr", Butler's Lives of the Saints
Catholic Encyclopedia - Saint Oswald
Patron Saints Index  - Saint Oswald of Northumbria

Category:Waliozaliwa 604
Category:Waliofariki 642
Category:Wafalme na malkia wa Uingereza
Category:Wafiadini Wakristo
Category:Watakatifu wa Uingereza