Fugo

Fugo (ing. domestication kutoka lat. domesticus: "kuhusiana na nyumba")  ni mchakato unaotoeka kama wanyama mwitu wanaishi karibu na watu na kufugwa nao kwa muda mrefu.

Uteuzi wa tabia za wanyama
Katika muda wa vizazi vingi tabia mbalimbali za wanayama zinabadilika. Hii inatokea hasa kwa sababu watu waliteua wanyama wenye tabia zilizotakiwa, kwa mfano
ukali ya kupungukiwa
uvumulivu kwa kukaa karibu na binadamu
kiasi cha nyama au maziwa au sufu  
uwezo wa kutumia chakula kilicholiwa na binadamu
idadi ya watoto na uwingi wa kuzaa

Katika mchakato wa uteuzi wanyama wasiolingana hawakupewa nafasi ya kuzaa tena yaani hawakufugwa na hivyo tabia zisizotakiwa zilipugua na tabia zilizotafutwa ziliongezeka.

Fugo kwa mimea
Mchakato huohuo ulitokea pia upande wa mimea.

Watu walikuta manyasi yenye mbegu kubwa kiasi uliofaa kama chakula wakatambua ya kwamba waliweza kutunza mbegu za aina hii ya nyasi na kuzipanda mahali walipohamia wakaona wakitunza mbegu kubwa zaidi kwa kupanda polepole mimea mpya ikaota mbegu kubwa zaidi.

Katika mchakato huu kipo chanzo cha kutokea kwa nafaka zote zinazoliwa na binadamu. lakini pia mimea mingine ya matunda kama vile ndizi au mitofaa.

 Kujisomea 
 Charles Darwin, The Variation of Animals and Plants under Domestication, 1868.
 Jared Diamond, Guns, germs and steel. A short history of everybody for the last 13,000 years, 1997.
Laura Hobgood-Oster, A Dog's History of the World: Canines and the Domestication of Humans, 2014
Hope Ryden, Out of the Wild: The Story of Domesticated Animals Hardcover, 1995
Halcrow, S. E., Harris, N. J., Tayles, N., Ikehara-Quebral, R. and Pietrusewsky, M. (2013), From the mouths of babes: Dental caries in infants and children and the intensification of agriculture in mainland Southeast Asia. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol., 150: 409–420. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.22215
Hayden, B. (2003). Were luxury foods the first domesticates? Ethnoarchaeological perspectives from Southeast Asia. World Archaeology, 34(3), 458-469.

 Viungo vya Nje 
 Crop Wild Relative Inventory and Gap Analysis: reliable information source on where and what to conserve ex-situ, for crop genepools of global importance
 Discussion of animal domestication
 Guns, Germs and Steel by Jared Diamond (ISBN 0-393-03891-2)
 News story  about an early domesticated cat find
 Belyaev experiment  with the domestic fox
 Use of Domestic Animals in Zoo Education
 The Initial Domestication of Cucurbita pepo in the Americas 10,000 Years Ago
 Cattle domestication diagram 
 Major topic "domestication": free full-text articles (more than 100 plus reviews) in National Library of Medicine
 Why don't we ride zebras?  an online children's film about animal domestication
 Isidro A. T. Savillo and Villaluz, Elizabeth A. 2013 this  introduces a proposed Domesticity Scale for Wild Birds 

Category:Kilimo
Category:Wanyama