Umcwayiba

umcwayiba luhlobo lwenyama leyomisiwe, lephekiwe levela emaveni aseNingizimu ye-Afrika, INamibia, I-Botswana, iLesotho, i-Eswatini, kanye neZambia. Tinhlobo letehlukene tetinyama tisetjentiswa ekwakhiweni kwawo, kusuka enyameni yenkhomo kuya enyameni yetilwane tasendle. Lokusika kungaphindze kwehluke kube yinyama lencane lejutjiwe ibe tinhlavu letilandzela tinhlavu temsipha, noma tincenye letihlelekile letijutjwe kuto tonkhe tinhlavu. Yomkhe inyama leyomisiwe imnandzi; inongiwe, iyanambitseka, kanye netinchubo tekukhicita tingahluka.

Ligama lelitsi "bil" lichamuka elwimini lesi-Dutch bil ("buttock") kanye ne-tong ("strip" lokusho tindvukwana noma "tongue").

Inyama ingalondvolotwa ngekuphilisa ngasawoti, noma kuviniga kanye ne i-saltpetre (potassium nitrate). I-potassium nitrate ibulala ligciwane lelibulalako lelibangela i-botulism, kantsi i-asidi ye-vinegar ivimbela kukhula kwayo. Ngekusho kwe-World Health Organization, i-C. botulinum angeke ikhule etimeni te-asidi (pH lengaphansi kwa 4.6); ngako-ke lobuthi angeke bukheke ekudleni kwe-asidi.

Imikhicito ye-antimicrobial yetinongo letitsite nayo beyisetjentiswa kusukela etikhatsini takadzeni. Tinongo letetfulwa kumaDutch tifaka ekhatsi pepper, i-coriander, kanye ne cloves.

Ngenyanga yaBhimbidvwane 2017, licembu lelicwaninga  e-I-Portugal lashicilela lucwaningo lolumayelana netintfo letingaphili emagciwane emafutsa e-coriander (i-coriander ngulenye yetinongo letinkhulu etinhlotjeni letisisekelo temagciwane) macondzana netinhlobo temagciwane letingu-12, futsi latfola kutsi tinhlobo temagungumence letilishumi nakubili tabulawa ngelizingaphansi kwe-coriander oil (1.6%). Kuletinhlobo letimbili letingabulawanga, i-Bacillus cereus ne-I-Enterococcus faecalis, emafutsa e-coriander anciphisa kukhula kwawo kakhulu.

 Inyama
 Black pepper
 Coriander
 Salt
 Vinegar

Ngekwesintfu, umcwayiba wentiwa kuphela ngesikhatsi sekubandza kwebusika ngesikhatsi ingoti yekukhula kweligciwane kanye nesitjalo seyincane. Letinye tindlela tekupheka tidzinga kutsi inyama ifakwe i-vinegar solution (vinegar yemagilebisi iyintfo yesintfu kepha i-balsamic kanye ne-cider nayo isebenta kahle) ema-awa lambalwa, bese le-vinegar iyatfulwa ngaphambi kwekutsi inyama inambitseke ngeluswayi netinongo. Lenhlanganisela yetinongo ifakwa kakhulu enyameni bese iyahlikihlwa. I-Saltpetre iyintfo yekutikhetsela futsi ingafakwa njengentfo lengetiwe yekulondvolota (ledzingekako kuphela kuma-biltong lanemanti langeke aboshwe). Inyama kufanele ishiywe ema-awa lambalwa (noma ifakwe esiqandisini ebusuku) bese kutsi noma nguluphi luhlobo lolusetulu lutfulwe ngaphambi kwekutsi lenyama ilengiswe kumshini wekomisa.