Sifo se-Leishmaniasis

Sifo se-Leishmaniasis , lesibuye sipelwe nge leishmaniosis , sisifo lesibangelwa yipharasayithi  yemajini iprotozoaniprotozoan" Leishmania" lebuye isatjalaliswe kulunywa nguletinye tetinhlobo teti nambutane tenhlabatsi Lesifo singatibonakalisa ngetindlela letintsatfu letibalulekile: cutaneous, mucocutaneous, or visceral leishmaniasis. Lendlela ye-cutaneous ivela netilondza esikhunjeni, ngalesikhatsi i-mucocutaneous yona ivela ngetilondza esikhunjeni, emlonyeni, nasemphumulweni, kantsi leletitfolakala etilwaneni ticala ngetilondza esikhunjeni bese sekulandzela ngefiva, kwehla kwemasotja emtimba labovu, nekuvuvuka kwenyongo nesibindzi. 

Kungena kwalesifo kubantfu kubangelwa tilwanyane letindlula ku-20 te Leishmania. Tintfo letiyingoti tifaka ekhatsi kweswela, kungadli kahle, kujutjwa kwemahlatsi kanye nekuguculwa kwetindzawo tibe tekuhlala. Tonkhe letinhlobo letintsatfu tingabonwa ngekubonakala kwaleligciwane ngekusebentisa i-microscope.  Ngalokungetiwe, tifo letivela etilwaneni tingabonakala ngekutsi kutsatfwe ingati. 

i-Leishmaniasis incenye yayo ingavikeleka ngekulala ngaphansi kwenetha ufake umutsi wekuvikela kulunywa tinambutane. Letinye tindlela tifaka ekhatsi kufutsa umutsi wekubulala tinambutane netimphungane nekulapha bantfu labanalesifo kusenesikhatsi kute kuvikelwe kuchubeka nekubhebhetseka.  Lokulashwa lokudzingekako kuya ngekutsi lesifo usitfole kuphi, letitalelwane te Leishmania, kanye naloluhlobo lwalesifo lesikungenile.  Leminye imitsi lengahle isetjentiselwe sifo se-visceral ifaka ekhatsi i-liposomal amphotericin B, inhlanganisela ye-pentavalent antimonials ne paromomycin, ne miltefosine.kusifo se- cutaneous , paromomycin fluconazole, noma i-pentamidineingahle isebente.

Bantfu labalinganiselwa kutigidzi leti-12 bangenwe ngulesifo emaveni lange-98.  Kunebantfu labalinganiselwa kutigidzi leti-2 labasandza kungenwa ngulesifo labasemkhatsini wema-20 kuya ku-50 walabashona njalo ngemnyaka.  Bantfu labalinganiselwa kutigidzi leti-200 base Asia, Afrika, eNingizimu naseNkhabeni ye-Amerika, eNingizimu ne Europe bahlala etindzaweni lapho lesifo sivame khona.  INhlangano Yetemphilo Velonkhe batfole taphulelo kuleminye imitsi kulapha lesifo.  Lesifo singabonakala nakuletinye tilwane letimbalwa kufaka ekhatsi tinjakanyetilwanyane.

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