Ligciwane lesifo se-Ebola

Ligciwane lesifo se-Ebola (EVD) nobe Imfiva yekophela ngekhatsi ye-i-Ebola/ ihemorrhagic (EHF) Isifo seluntfu lesibangelwa ligciwane le-Ebola  Timphawu tivamise kucala etinsukwini letimbili kuye emavikini lamatsatfu ngemuva kwekutfola leligciwane, lelihambisana nemkhuhlane, umphimbo lobuhlungu, iMyalgia/ tinhlungu temamaseli, kanye nekubulawa yinhloko. Ngalokwetayelekile kugonyuluka, kuhlanta, kanye nensheko kubese kuyalandzela, kuhambisane nekwehla kwekusebenta kwesibindzi kanye netinso. Kulesikhatsi lesi, labanye bantfu bacalwa kuba netinkinga tekopha.

Leligciwane lingatfolakala ngekuchumana nengati nobe lokusamanti lokuphuma emtimbeni wesilwane lesisulelekile (kuvamise kuba tingobiyane nobe emalilwane ladla titselo). Kubhebhetseleka ngemoya akukashicilelwa njengendlela leyenteka ngekwemvelo. Emalilwane ladla titselo kukholeka kwekutsi aba nalo leligciwane abuye alibhebhetselekise nangaphandle kwekutsi abe nalo. Ngalesikhatsi sekusuleleka kweluntfu, lesifo sisuke sesibhebhetseleka emkhatsini webantfu. Besilisa labanaso bakwati kusibhebhetselisa lesifo  ngalokusamanti kwebudvodza lokungenani etinyangeni letimbili.  Kute kube khona kwelapheka, ngalokuvamile letinye tetifo letinetimphawu leticishe tifane naleti malalaveva, sifo sensheko/ ikholera kanye naletinye letitsatselana ngemikhuhlane yemagciwane ekophela ngekhatsi/ ihemorrhagic letingakabalwa ekucaleni. Kucinisekisa kwelapheka kuye kutsatfwe emasampuli engati ahlolwe leligciwane tibulalamasotja, nobe ligciwane ngekwalo.

Kuvikeleka kufaka ekhatsi kunciphisa kubhebhetseleka kwalesifo etingobiyaneni lesetinaso kanye nasetingulubeni kute tingangeni kubantfu. Loku kungentiwa ngekutsi kuhlolwe tilwane letinjalo tibuye tibulawe kufake ekhatsi nekugujelwa kwenyama yato nangabe itfolakele inalesifo. Kuphekisisa kahle inyama kanye nekugcoka timphahla tekutivikela nako kungasita kakhulu nangabe usebenta ngenyama, njengako kufaka timphahla tekuvikela kanye nekugeza tandla nangabe usedvute nemuntfu lonalesifo. Emasampuli alokusamanti kwemtimba kanye neticubu temuntfu lonalesifo kumele kusetjentiswe ngalokukhulu kucophelela.

Alikatfolakali likhambi lokungilo lalesifo; imitamo yekusita labo labasulelekile ifaka ekhatsi kunika nanobe ngukuphi kwaloku kwelapha kwalokunatfwako (emanti ekunatsa lanashukela nasawoti lomncane) nobe lokusamanti lokufakwa engatini nobe emitsanjeni yengati. Lesifo sisezingeni lelisetulu  lekubulala: lokungenani emkhatsini kwema-50% ne-90% alabo labasuleleke ngaleligciwane. I-EVD yatfolakala kwekucala-, eSudan kanye nase Democratic Rephabliki yaseCongo. Lesifo sivamise kucubuka etifundzeni letinemswakamo loshisako tase Sub-Saharan Afrika. Kusukela nge-1976 (ngalesikhatsi itfolakala kwekucala) kute kufike nge-2013, bantfu laba-1, 000 ngemnyaka sebasulelekile. Kubhebhetseleka lokukhulu kute kube ngunamuhla kungulokuchubekako 2014 yeNshonalanga ne-Afrika lebhebhetseleka nge i-Ebola, yayedlulisela  e-Gunea, Sierra Leone, Liberia kanye nalokungenani  neNigeria. Kusukela ngeNgci 2014 kube netehlakalo letitfolakele letingetulu kwe-1600. Imitamo iyachubeka kute kutfutfukiswe  imijovo: nanobe kunjalo, ayikho letfolakele.

Imitfombolwati

 Tinhlatincwadzi








Kuchumana kwangaphandle

 ViralZone: Ebola-like viruses – Virological repository from the Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics
 CDC: Ebola hemorrhagic fever – Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Special Pathogens Branch
 WHO: Ebola haemorrhagic fever – World Health Organization, Global Alert and Response
 Virus Pathogen Database and Analysis Resource (ViPR): Filoviridae
 3D macromolecular structures of the Ebola virus archived in the EM Data Bank (EMDB)
 Google Map of Ebola Outbreaks
 WHO recommended infection control measures