Lech Wałęsa

Lech Wałęsa (wuxuu dhashay 29 Sebtember 1943) waa nin reer Poland ah, is-neceb yahay, iyo abaalmarinta Nobel Peace Prize, oo u soo shaqeeyey Madaxweynihii ugu horreeyay ee si dimuqraadi ah loo doorto Poland 1990-kii illaa 1995. Markab koronto yaqaaneed ah oo ganacsade ah, wuxuu noqday hogaamiyaha midnimada, waxayna horseed u noqotay dadaal dimuqraadi ah oo lagu guuleysto kaas oo 1989kii lagu soo afjaray xukunkii shuuciyadda ee Poland oo la keenay dhammaadkii Dagaalkii Qaboobaa.

Markii uu ka shaqeynayay Lenin Shipyard (oo hadda ah Gdańsk Shipyard), Wałęsa, oo koronto yaqaan ah, wuxuu u dhaqdhaqaaqay midow-ganacsi, kaas oo uu cadaadis ku saaray maamulayaasha shuuciyada, oo uu ilaalo ku hayey, shaqada ka eryay 1976, oo xiray dhowr jeer. Bishii Ogosto 1980, wuxuu door muhiim ah ka qaatay gorgortanka siyaasadeed ee horseeday heshiiskii burburay ee Gdańsk ee u dhexeeya shaqaalaha shaqada joogey iyo dawladda. Wuxuu iskaashi la sameeyay dhaq-dhaqaaqa isbahaysiga ganacsiga ee Solidarity kaasoo xubinnimadiisu kor u dhaaftay in ka badan toban milyan oo qof.

Ka dib markii lagu soo rogay sharciga dagaalka ee Poland iyo Solidarity la sharciyeeyey, Wałęsa mar labaad waa la qabtay. Markii laga sii daayay xabsiga, wuxuu sii waday dhaqdhaqaaqiisa wuxuuna caan ku ahaa aasaasida heshiiskii 1989 Wareegga Sanadkii 1989 kaas oo horseeday doorashadii baarlamaaniga ee xorta ahayd bishii Juun 1989 iyo dawlad horseed u ah midnimada.

Ka dib markii uu ku guuleystay doorashadii madaxweynenimada ee Poland sanadkii 1990, Wałęsa wuxuu noqday Madaxweynihii ugu horreeyay ee Poland abid ee loo doorto cod caan ah. Wuxuu hogaaminayey guushii guusha ee Poland ka gaadhay shuuciyadeed una gudubtay dimoqraadiyad xor ah, laakiin doorkiisii ​​firfircoonaa ee siyaasada Polish wuu yaraaday kadib markii uu si dhumuc ah u waayey doorashadii madaxweynenimada 1995. Sannadkii 1995, wuxuu aasaasay Machadka Lech Wałęsa.

Ilaa 1980, Wałęsa waxay ka heshay boqolaal abaalmarinno, sharaf iyo abaalmarinno dalal badan oo adduunka ah. Waxaa loo magacaabay Waqtiga Qofka ee Sanadka (1981), oo ka mid ah 100ka qof ee ugu muhiimsan qarniga 20aad (1999), oo qaatay in ka badan afartan shahaado sharaf ah, oo ay ku jiraan Jaamacadda Harvard iyo Columbia University iyo sidoo kale daraasiin amarro heer gobol ah oo sarreeya: Biladda Madaxwaynaha ee Xorriyadda, Knight Grand Cross of the British Order of the Bath ama French Grand Cross of Legion of sharaf. Sanadkii 1989, Wałęsa wuxuu ahaa qofkii ugu horreeyay ee ajnabi ah oo aan madax ka ahayn dowladdii weligeed ka hadashay shirkii Wadajirka ee Koongareeska Mareykanka. Maddaarka Gdansk Lech Wałęsa waxaa magiciisa laga helay ilaa 2004