Maryland

Maryland (US :,] waa gobolka gobolka Mid-Atlantik ee Maraykanka, oo xuduud la leh Virginia, West Virginia, iyo Degmada Columbia ilaa koonfurta iyo galbeedka, Pennsylvania oo waqooyi ah, iyo Delaware ilaa bari. Magaaladda ugu weyn waa Baltimore, oo caasimadeeda waa Annapolis: Noocyada naanaysta ee joogtada ah waxaa ka mid ah Old Line State, State Free, iyo Chesapeake Bay State, Gobolka waxaa lagu magacaabaa boqoradda Ingiriiska Henrietta Maria oo Faransiis ah [10] [11]
Mid ka mid ah 13-kii subaxnimo ee ugu dambeeyay, Maryland waxaa loo tixgeliyaa meesha uu ku dhashay ee xoriyadda diinta ee Maraykanka. Dawlada waxaa aasaasay George Calvert, wasiirka arrimaha dibadda iyo saaxiibkiisa gaarka ah ee King James I. Markii Calvert loo beddelay Galbeedka 1625 waxaa loola jeeday inuu ka fadhiisto xafiis dawladeed, laakiin saaxiibtinimadiisa King James ayaa weli joogtay. [13] Calvert waxa uu lahaa xiiso hore oo ku saabsan maamulka gumeysiga iyo codsigiisi James James si ay u bixiyaan diin diimeed oo loogu talagalay Catholics oo lagu dhibaateeyay England iyo sidoo kale in la kordhiyo dhulalka Boqortooyada Ingiriiska. Sidaa darteed, 1632-kii James, wiilkiisa, Charles, ayaa u ogolaaday Calvert inuu raaco dhulalka Mareykanka ee ay heystaan ​​Crownka, si uu u wacyigeliyo: "gaadiidka ... Colony of the English Nation" si uu halkaas ugu dego. Si ka duwan Xajka iyo Pititans, oo bilaabay dhaqan-gelinta sida ay u aaminsan yihiin sida ugu dhakhsaha badan markay degaan Maraykanka, Calvert waxa uu u maleynayaa in colaadeed ay dadkani diimaha kala duwan ay wadaagaan mabda'a dulqaad. [14] Qaar ka mid ah taariikhyahanadu waxay aaminsanyihiin in Kalvert uu rabitaankiisa u hayo bulshadan oo laga yaabo in uu soo diray waxyaabihii uu Thomas Thomas ka ahaa, ugu badnaa gaar ahaan buugga Utopia. Sidaa darteed, 1649-kii Golaha Guud ee Maryland wuxuu ansixiyay Sharciga Diiniga ah, kaas oo sharraxay mabda'a dulqaad leh isagoo ciqaabaya qof kasta oo "ku caydhiyay" Marylander oo ah "cagajugle, Scismatick, Idolator, nadiifiye, madax-bannaani, madaxbannaanida caanaha, Jesuite, Jesuited Papist, Lutheran, Calvenist, Anabaptist, Brownist, Antinomiyan, Barrowist, Roundhead [ama] Separatist. "[16]
Lix iyo toban ilbiriqsi oo Maryland ah saddexda gobol ee xudduudaha ah ee ku yaalla biyaha bada ee Chesapeake Bay iyo qaybo badan, oo isku darsaday in ka badan 4,000 mayl u jirta xeebaha. Dadku waxay ku dhow yihiin lix milyan oo qof. Laga bilaabo 2015, Maryland waxay lahayd dakhliga reeraha ugu sareeya ee dawlad goboleed kasta, iyada oo qayb weyn ay u leedahay inay u dhowdahay caasimadda qaranka iyo dhaqaalaha kala duwan ee wax soo saarka, adeegyada, iyo biyotekoolajiyadda.