Azote

AzoteVashona, 2015, "Nitrogen" Duramazwi re Vashona. Yakatariswa: 5 Chivabvu 2022"Duramazwi e Chishona" (kuChingezi nitrogen) kana nito, inhangande yechemushonga ine chiratidzo N ne chiperengo che atoma cha nomwe (7). Azote i-sinasimbi<ref group="C">non-metallic., kubva pakuti "sina" - 'non, without', na "simbi" -  '''metal; metallic</ref> uye chikamu chakarerukisisa muboka re gumineshanu (15) murupotera rwe nhangande, anovanzodanwa kunzi dzisikazote<ref group="C">nictogens., kubva pakuti "sika" - 'gen-, create, na "azote, nito" - 'nicto-, nitrogen'. 

Risikanito/risikazote (ushoma), dzisikanito/zote (uwandu).</ref>. Inhangande isingakoni kuwanikwa murudunhumwe, inofungairwa kuwapanzvimbo yechinomwe pakuwanda muGwararezhou ne Mutandira we Mushana. Pahujoto ne nzvinya<ref group="C">Pressure., imwenzira yekuti "kumanikidzwa"

Vashona Project, (2019), [https://vashona.com/en/dictionary/sn/nzvinya '''nzvinya] Yakaringwa 15 Chivabvu 2024.</ref> dzakajairika, mahatoma maviri,  enhangande anobatana ovumba N2, gasi ye maatoma maviri isina ruvara kana hwema. N2 inovumba muzana wemakumimanomwe-nesere (78%) ejingamweya re Rinopasi, zvichibva zvariisa pamusoro senhangande inowanikwa kakurusa isina kugumbanidzwacombined., added. "kugumbanidzwa; kukumbanidzwa" iri mumweya. Nekuda kwevupaparikoVashona Project, (2015), [https://vashona.com/sn/dictionary/en/being%20volatile 'being volatile]. Kubva pakuti "kupaparika".</ref> hwe mambundanirwacompound.,  eazote, inhangande yeushomekari muzvikamu zvekaoma zve Rinopasi.

Yakatanga kubvumbunurwadiscovered.,  nekupatsanururwa na chiremba wechiSkoti Daniel Rutherford muna-1772 uye na Carl Wilhelm Scheele pachake, na Henry Cavendish munguva yaivepedyo. Zita rokuti nitrogène rakayambiswa na mhizhamushonga wechiFurenji Jean-Antoine-Claude Chaptal muna1790 pazvakawanikwa kuti azote yainge iri munyong'o ye rw'azotenitric acid., uye maazoterinitrates.,. Antoine Lavoisier akayambisa zita rokuti azote, kubva pakuChigiriki-chekare ἀζωτικός "pasina vupenyu", nekudakwokuti raive gasi inovhumidzisaasphyxiant gas., .

Azote yechinhangande inowanzo gadzirwa nemweya ne ruambahweza<ref group="C">technology., kumba pakuti 'eza, hueza; hweza' - 'art, craft', na "ruamba, unena" '''-logy, study</ref> rwe runamatiro nemushanduruko wenzvinyapressure swing adsorption., kureva "kunamatira kwe[zvinhu] nekuda kwekushanduka kwe nzvinya/puresha".. Pamusviko wembiri-dzemunhatu (2/3) dzeazote yechinhangande inogadzirwa zvepamutengesocommercial.,  inoshandiswa segasi iri inetiinert., hapasati pave neshoko reChishona (isina-ufemo) pakuita nezvepamutengeso senge kuphekeja chikafu, uye uwandu hwayo hwunoshandiswa seazote yeumadzi muzviiswa zverusikarutonho<ref group="C">cryogenic., kureva "zvehujoto hwakatonhora". Kubva pakuti "sika" - 'gen-, create' uye "kutonhora", 'cryo-, cold</ref>. Huzhinji hwe mambundanirwa akakosha muhushangazhi, senge amoniyaammonia., , nyong'o yerw'azote, maazoteri echerumhenyuorganic.,  (chityovhesipropellant., kubva pakuti "kutyovha, kuchovha", nekumwe kutaura tingait 'kuchovha.' Zvinoreva "chinhu chinowedzera ito yekuita zviro, chinotyovhesa zvimwe.", uye zviputiko), masiyanidhicyanides.,, aneazote. Musungo weutatutriple bond., wakasimba kakuru kwazvo muazote yechinhangande (N=N), musungo wechipiri pakusimva mumamorikyuri yemaatoma maviri mushure mechimurasha chenyong'omwe (CO)<ref group="C">carbon monoxide., kubva pakuti "chimurasha, kabhoni', 'carbon = coal', ne "nyong'omwe', '''mono = single, one' + 'oxide = acid, sharp, inokurira chemushonga cheazote. Izvi zvinokonzeresa kukoniwa kwezvinyanhengo ne hushangazhi pakushandurudzwa N2 kuvamambundanirwa anemushando, asi pamwepo zvinoreva kuti kupisa, kuputisa, kana kubvurunura mambundanirwa eazote kuitira kuwumba gasi ye azote zvinobuditsa huwandu hwukuru hweitoenergy., inemushando. Amoniya ne maazoteri anogadzirwa zveukotsvanidzwasynthetic.,  akakosha mufetiraiza yechishangazhi, uye maazoteri efetiraiza itsvinisopollutants.,  dzakakosha mukutyofikechwaeutrophication., pachirikudingwa zita rechivanhu. kwe mitandira ye mvura. Kunze kwekushandiswa mumafetiraiza nemukubangwa kwe ito, azote chikamu chemabundanirwa echerumhenyu anosiyana-siyana semaaramidhaaramids., aromatic polyamides  anoshandiswa munduko dzesimba-huru ne sayanoakrireticyanoacrylate.,  anoshandiswa munamiridzidzosuperglue., iyo yamazuva ose ichingonzi namiso.. 

Azote inowanikwa muzvinyanhengo zvose, kunyanya mudzinyong'o dzeamino (uyezve muzvwakanyamaprotein., ), mudzinyong'o dzerusomo (DNAdeoxyribonucleic acid., de + oxy + ribose + nucleic acid 

Chirevo kuChivanhu tinoti, 'morekyuri renyong'o ririmu-usomo rinetsvigiri yakarasa ufemo umwe', tichitodza chirevo kuChivanhu. ne RNAribonucleic acid.,) uye mumorekyuri rinotapuridza ito rinonzi adhenosini terafosifetiadenosine triphosphate., . Mwiri wemunhu une muzana wechitatu (3%) we ndemu ye azote, ichiva nhangande yechina pakuwanda mumwiri ichitevera ufemo, chimurasha, ne husikamadzioxygen, carbon, hydrogen. Rudzovo rwe azotenitrogen cycle.,  rwunotsanangura kufamba kwe nhangande mumweya, ichipinda mujingabenyu ne mambundanirwa echerumhenyu, ichizodzoka mujingamweya. Azote inoshandiswa mumadharaki mazhinji anoshandiswa kurapa, zvichisanganisa makazautachiwanaantibiotics., . Madharaki mazhinji anoitazvekutevedza kana maprodrugs eazote yechekusikwa inemamorekyuri anoninirasignal molecules.,   : semuenzaniso, maazote echerumhenyu nitirogiriseninitroglycerine., 

kuChivanhu imorekyuri rine azote ne nyong'o ne doro rinozipa.

azote + nyong'o + doro + nzipo/zipo ne nitiropurisidhinitroprusside., 

imorekyuri rine azote + nyong'o + iron cyanide-nitric oxide complex ion  anodzoredza nzvinya ye ropablood pressure.,  nekuimetabholaiza kuva chitutso che azotenitric oxide.,. Madharaki anozivikwa ane azote, kusanganiswa dzekusikwa senge kafeni ne morufini kana iyo  amufetamini yeukotsvanidzwa, dzinoshanda pamarhiseputa emanyurotiranzimitaneurotransmitters., emhuka.

Tafura ye horokodza 

 AzoteMarotlopiallotropes., rotlopi kuChivanhu kutodza Chingezi.:tarisai chikamu chemarotlopi eAzoteRatidziko:gasi isina ruvara, mutuvi, godoUremu weatoma Ar°(N): [14.00643, 14.00728]
 14.007±0.001 (abridged)Azote muTafura ye NhangandeChiperengo cheatoma (Z)7Boka:boku 15 (pdzisikazote)Rupotera:rupotera 2Bhuroku:bhuroku-pJenganiso yemhodzgetsi:[He] 2s2 2p3Mhodzigetsi pagoko:2, 5Mutumbi we mirikiFezi pa STP:gasiPoyindi yekunyauka:(N2) 63.23 K ​
(−209.86 °C, ​−345.75 °F)Poyindi yekufanza:(N2) 77.355 K ​
(−195.795 °C, ​−320.431 °F)Dhenziti (pa STP)1.2506 g/L at 0 °C, 1013 mbarSemutuvi (pa b.p.)0.808 g/cm3Poyindi itatu:63.151 K, ​12.52 kPaPoyindi iri kiritikari:126.21 K, 3.39 MPaDziya yekunyenguka:(N2) 0.72 kJ/molKudziya kwekupfunga:(N2) 5.57 kJ/molKapasiti ye kudziya 
kwechi-molar:(N2) 29.124 J/(mol·K)Nzvinya ye mupfunga:P (Pa)1101001 k10 k100 kat T (K)374146536277Miriki ye HatomuUmiriro ye 
Rututsiro:−3, −2, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5
(chitutso chine nyong'o yakasimba) Uhwaradadahwegetsi:
(Electronegativity)Pauling scale: 3.04Ito yekunonda: 1st: 1402.3 kJ/mol
 2nd: 2856 kJ/mol
 3rd: 4578.1 kJ/mol
 (more)Rhedhiyasi ye
Gombedzwana:71±1 pmRhedhiyasi ye
Vhandewaarusi:155 pmMitsara yeunangazire we AzoteDzimwe MirikiChiitiko murusikwa:primordialJenganiso ye njenjeka:hexagonalSpidhi ye ruzha:353 m/s (gas, at 27 °C)Thermal conductivity:25.83×10−3 W/(m⋅K)Raya re magineti:huguramaginetiChiperengo che CAS:17778-88-0
7727-37-9 (N2)NhoroondoKuvhumburwa:Daniel Rutherford (1772)Yakatumidzwa na:Jean-Antoine Chaptal (1790)Enzanhara huru ye AzoteEnzanharaUzhinjiChidimbu-Upenyu (t1/2)Modhi ye
bvurunuroPurodhakiti13Nsyn9.965 minε13C14N99.6%stable15N0.4%stable 

 Zita 

 Unenashoko 
Zita iri rinowanikwa ku Chistandadhi Shona, hariko kuChishona chakadzama saka rinogona kunge richibva kuChiputukezi kunyangwe zvisina kugwarwa paDuramazwi reVashona. MuChiputukezi iyo nitrojeni inonzi azoto kana azote.

Zita rokuti sikanito ririkubva pachirevo cheChingezi, nitrogen kana rikapatsanurwa shoko rokuti nitro ndiro "nito" muChishona uye chivakamberi -gen zvinoreva kuti "sika; umba; gadzirwa ne-". Sika shoko rokuti nitrogen'' ndiro sikanito kana umbanito.

 Chibanthu 
Mazita renhangande zhinji haawanikwi kumitauro yakawanda yeChibanthu. Chiswahiri pachinoshaya mazwi rinotora kubva kuChiarabhu nokuti kubva kudhara wakambo tora mazwi kubva kumutaura wacho. Mitauro zhinji yekuMabvazuva kwe Afurika inotodza Chiswahiri saka inowanzo tora wo mazita ezvinhu kubva kuChiswahiri nokuti chinotaurwa vanhu hobho.

 Chiswahiri chinoti: Nitrojenisw:wiki kutodza Chingezi.
 KuChindevele, Chizulu ne Chixhosa inonzi: I-Nitrogeni Chingala chinoti: Azotiln:wiki
 Chivhenda chinoti: naiṱhrodzheni'''https://web.archive.org/web/20220625054645/http://www.dac.gov.za/sites/default/files/terminology/natural-sciences-and-technology-for-grade-4-to-6%20Ven.pdf Peji 113. Yakatariswa: 5 Chivabvu 2022
 Chitsonga choti wo: nayitirojeni

 Mabviro eruzivo 
C = chirevo pachivanhu. A = Anodinga uturikiso pachivanhu.
Category:Azote
Category:Nhangande dze Chemushonga

Category:Chemishonga