Palaeoniscum

Palaeoniscum is an extinct genus of palaeoniscoid from the Permian of England, Turkey, North America, and more. The type species is Palaeoniscum freieslebeni. It is commonly misspelled as "Palaeoniscus" by many people.

 Etymology 
The palaeo part means "ancient" in Greek and the niscum part means "woodlouse".

 Description 

 Physical appearance 
This fish had a torpedo-shaped body and reached 30 cm. The dorsal fin was developed in height and the tail was forked. Palaeoniscum had a "swim bladder" made of air sacs. Its sharp teeth could grow back again when they were lost, just like today's sharks.

 Biology/Lifestyle 
Palaeoniscum was probably a predatory carnivore.

 Classification 
Palaeoniscum is the type genus of the family Palaeoniscidae in the order Palaeonisciformes.

 Naming 
Palaeoniscum was named by Henri Marie Ducrotay de Blainville in 1818. However, it was mistakenly called Palaeoniscus by others.

 Species 

 †Palaeoniscum angustum Rzehak, 1881
 †Palaeoniscum antipodeum Egerton, 1864
 †Palaeoniscum antiquum Williams, 1886
 †Palaeoniscum arenaceum Berger, 1832
 †Palaeoniscum capense Bloom, 1913
 †Palaeoniscum comtum Agassiz, 1833
 †Palaeoniscum crassum Woodward, 1908
 †Palaeoniscum daedalium Yankevich & Minich, 1998
 †Palaeoniscum devonicum Clarke, 1885
 †Palaeoniscum elegans Sedgwick, 1829
 †Palaeoniscum freieslebeni de Blainville, 1818 (type species)
 †Palaeoniscum hassiae Jaekel, 1898
 †Palaeoniscum kasanense Geinitz & Vetter, 1880
 †Palaeoniscum katholitzkianum Rzehak, 1881
 †Palaeoniscum landrioti le Sauvage, 1890
 †Palaeoniscum longissimum Agassiz, 1833
 †Palaeoniscum macrophthalmum McCoy, 1855
 †Palaeoniscum moravicum Rzehak, 1881
 †Palaeoniscum promtus Rzehak, 1881
 †Palaeoniscum reticulatum Williams, 1886
 †Palaeoniscum scutigerum Newberry, 1868
 †Palaeoniscum vratislavensis Agassiz, 1833

 Gallery 

 References 

 "Palaeoniscum freieslebeni Blainville, 1818". GBIF.
 Agassiz, Louis (1833–1843). "Recherches sur les poissons fossiles". Petitpierre, Neuchâtel.
 Hoşgör, Izzet; Štamberg, Stanislav (2014). "A first record of late Middle Permian actinopterygian fish from Anatolia, Turkey" . Acta Geologica Polonica.
 Henderson, Struan; Dunne, Emma M.; Fasey, Sophie A.; Giles, Sam (February 2023). "The early diversification of ray‐finned fishes ( Actinopterygii ): hypotheses, challenges and future prospects". Biological Reviews.

 Other websites 

 https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Fossil-records-of-A-cf-Palaeoniscum-sp-between-275-and-265-Ma-and-B-Palaeoniscum_fig5_370637624

Category:Extinct fish
Category:Ray-finned fish
Category:Animals of Europe
Category:Animals of North America