Federal districts of Russia

The federal districts (, federalnyye okruga) are groupings of the federal subjects of Russia. Federal districts are not mentioned in the nation's constitution. They exist only to monitor the government's control over the region and to compare the federal and regional bodies of law.

 List of federal districts 
Federal districtDate
establishedArea
(km2)2010 censusHDI (2019)Gross regional product (2020)Federal subjectsAdministrative centreLargest cityMap of Federal DistrictPopulationper km2GRPGRP per capitaCentral18 May 2000650,20038,438,60059.10.847₽33.637 trillion
(€B)854,978 ₽
(€)18Moscowborder|105x105pxNorthwestern18 May 20001,687,00013,583,8008.10.835₽10.644 trillion
(€B)762,357 ₽
(€)11Saint Petersburgborder|124x124pxSouthern18 May 2000427,80016,141,10037.70.801₽6.710 trillion
(€B)407,280 ₽
(€)8Rostov-on-DonKrasnodarborder|100x100pxNorth Caucasian19 January 2010170,4009,496,80055.70.795₽2.404 trillion
(€B)241,662 ₽
(€)7PyatigorskMakhachkalaborder|100x100pxVolga18 May 20001,037,00029,900,40028.80.806₽13.669 trillion
(€B)468,462 ₽
(€)14Nizhny NovgorodKazanborder|100x100pxUral18 May 20001,818,50012,082,7006.60.842₽11.675 trillion
(€B)945,711 ₽
(€)6Yekaterinburgborder|134x134pxSiberian18 May 20004,361,80017,178,2983.90.796₽9.027 trillion
(€B)529,091 ₽
(€)10Novosibirskborder|101x101pxFar Eastern18 May 20006,952,6008,371,2571.20.810₽6.044 trillion
(€B)741,938 ₽
(€)11VladivostokKhabarovskborder|100x100px
Source:

 History 
The federal districts of Russia were established by President Vladimir Putin in 2000 to help with the federal government's task of controlling the then 89 federal subjects across the country.

On 19 January 2010, the new North Caucasian Federal District split from the Southern Federal District.
Crimea
In March 2014, after the annexation of Crimea, the Crimean Federal District was created. However, most countries say that this annexation was illegal. On 28 July 2016 the Crimean Federal District was removed and put into the Southern Federal District to improve the governing of the region.
Far East
In November 2018, Buryatia and Zabaykalsky Krai were removed from the Siberian Federal District and added to the Far Eastern Federal District. The administrative centre of the Far Eastern Federal District was moved from Khabarovsk to Vladivostok in December 2018.

 References 

 Other websites 

 Wilson Center article on Russia's federal districts

Category:Subdivisions of Russia