Madhesh Province

Madhesh Province () is a province in the southeastern region of Nepal.

History
The province was formed after the adoption of the Constitution of Nepal.

On 17 January 2022, the meeting of Provincial assembly declared Janakpur as capital of Province No. 2 while the province was renamed to Madhesh Province. Hari Shankar Mishra is the Head of Province while Mohammad Lalbabu Raut Gaddhi is the current Chief Minister.
Geography
Borders
It borders Koshi Province to the east, Bagmati Province to the north, and India’s Bihar state to the south. It has an area of -about 6.5% of the country's total area. 

The Koshi River and Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve acts as provincial border between Madhesh Province and Province No.1 in the east. And the line between Chitwan National Park and Parsa National Park (previously Wildlife Reserve) acts as provincial border between Madhesh Province and Bagmati Province in the west.

Districts
The province includes eight districts from Saptari District in the east to Parsa District in the west.
Capital
The Capital city Janakpur, also known as Janakpurdham,Burghart, R. (1978). The disappearance and reappearance of Janakpur. Kailash: A Journal of Himalayan Studies 6 (4): 257–284. is a centre for religious and cultural tourism.Rastriya Samachar Samiti (2004). "More Indian tourists visit Janakpurdham". Himalayan Times, 17 January 2004. It is also thought to have been the capital of the Videha dynasty that ruled Mithila region in ancient times.
Other cities
The first urban planned municipality of Nepal, Rajbiraj, is also the oldest place of the Terai belt of Nepal. The town is believed to have been named after the ancient Rajdevi temple, which dates back to the 1700s. The city of Birgunj is an economically important industrial centre and the only metropolitan city in the province.

Population
It is Nepal's most populous province, and smallest province by area. 
It has a population of 6,126,288 as per the 2021 Nepal census, making it the most populated province of Nepal.

The majority of the province's population speaks Maithili, Bhojpuri and Nepali and Bajjika.

 References