List of monarchs of Luxembourg

The territory of Luxembourg has been ruled successively by counts, dukes and grand dukes. It was part of the medieval Kingdom of Germany, and later the Holy Roman Empire until it became a sovereign state in 1815.

Counts of Luxembourg
House of Ardenne–Luxembourg

ImageNameDate of birth Date of death Reign Relationship with predecessor 100px|center Siegfried 922 28 October 998 963–28 October 998 100px|center Henry I 964 27 February 1026 28 October 998–27 February 1026 his son 100px|center Henry II 1007 16 October 1047 27 February 1026–16 October 1047 his nephew  Giselbert 1007 14 August 1059 16 October 1047–14 August 1059 his brother 100px|center Conrad I 1040 8 August 1086 14 August 1059–8 August 1086 his son 100px|center Henry III 1070 1096 8 August 1086–1096 100px|center William I 1081 1131 1096–1131 his brother 100px|center Conrad II 1106 1136 1131–1136 his son Ermesinde I 1080 1143 1136–1136 his aunt

House of Luxembourg–Namur

ImageNameDate of birth Date of death Reign Relationship with predecessor 100px|center Henry IVthe Blind 1112 14 August 1196 1136–14 August 1196 her son

House of Hohenstaufen

ImageNameDate of birth Date of death Reign Relationship with predecessor 100px Otto June/July 1170 13 January 1200 1196–1197 his third-cousin once removed

House of Luxembourg–Namur

ImageNameDate of birth Date of death Reign Relationship with predecessor 100px|center Ermesinde II July 1186 12 February 1247 1197–12 February 1247 Henry IV's only daughter and Otto's fourth cousin 100px|center Theobald I 1158 13 February 1214 1197–13 February 1214 her first husband and co-ruler 100px|center Waleran 1180 2 July 1226 May 1214–2 July 1226 her second husband and co-ruler

House of Luxembourg–Limburg

ImageNameDate of birth Date of death Reign Relationship with predecessor 100px|center Henry V  the Blond 1216 24 December 1281 12 February 1247–24 December 1281 their son 100px|center Henry VIthe Condemned 1240 5 June 1288 24 December 1281–5 June 1288 his son 100px|center Henry VII 1275/1270 24 August 1313 5 June 1288–24 August 1313 100px|center John the Blind 10 August 1296 26 August 1346 24 August 1313–26 August 1346 100px|center Charles IV 14 May 1316 29 November 1378 26 August 1346–1353 100px|center Wenceslaus I 25 February 1337 7 December 1383 1353–13 March 1354 his brother

Dukes of Luxembourg
In 1354, the county was elevated to a duchy.

House of Luxembourg-Limburg

ImageNameDate of birth Date of death Reign Relationship with predecessor 100px|center Wenceslaus I 25 February 1337 7 December 1383 13 March 1354–7 December 1383 himself as count 100px|center Wenceslas II the Lazy 26 February 1361 16 August 1419 7 December 1383–1388 his nephew 100px|center Jobst December 1351 18 January 1411 1388–18 January 1411 his cousin 100px|center Elisabeth I November 1390 2 August 1451 18 January 1411–1443 his heiress & first cousin once removed 100px|center Anthony August 1384 25 October 1415 18 January 1411–25 October 1415 her first husband and co-ruler 100px|center John II the Pitiless 1374 6 January 1425 10 March 1418–6 January 1425 her second husband and co-ruler

As Elisabeth had no surviving children, she sold Luxembourg to Philip III, Duke of Burgundy in 1441, but only to succeed upon her death. Philip captured the city of Luxembourg in 1443, but did not assume the ducal title because of conflicting claims by Anne of Austria, the closest Luxembourg relative.

Claimants
  Image  Name  Date of birth  Date of death  Reign  Relationship with predecessor 100px|center Elisabeth I November 1390 2 August 1451 1443to2 August 1451 100px|center Ladislausthe Posthumous 22 February 1440 23 November 1457 2 August 1451to23 November 1457 Her first cousin once removed 100px|center Anne 12 April 1432 13 November 1462 23 November 1457to13 November 1462 His sister 100px|center William the Brave 30 April 1425 17 September 1482 Her husband and co-pretender 100px|center Elisabeth II 1436 30 August 1505 13 November 1462to1467 Her sister 100px|center Casimir Jagiellon 30 November 1427 7 June 1492 Her husband and co-pretender 100px|center George of Poděbrady 23 April 1420 22 March 1471 1458to1471 Claimed title as king of Bohemia

House of Valois-Burgundy

In 1467, when Elisabeth II of Austria, last rival claimant to the title, renounced her rights, Philip III's son, Charles, Duke of Burgundy, assumed the title of duke of Luxembourg, making it a subsidiary title of the Duke of Burgundy.

  Image  Name  Date of birth  Date of death  Reign  Relationship withpredecessor 100px|center Philip I "the Good" 31 July 1396 15 June 1467 1443to15 June 1467 Elisabeth I's second cousinonce removed and "usurper" 100px|center Charles II"the Bold" 10 November 1433 5 January 1477 15 June 1467to5 January 1477 His son 100px|center Mary I"the Rich" 13 February 1457 27 March 1482 5 January 1477to27 March 1482 His daughter 100px|center Maximilian I"the Last Knight" 22 March 1459 12 January 1519 Her husband and co-ruler

House of Habsburg

In 1482, Luxembourg passed to the House of Habsburg. After the abdication of Emperor Charles V, the duchy of Luxembourg fell to the Spanish line of the House of Habsburg.

  Image  Name  Date of birth  Date of death  Reign  Relationship withpredecessor 100px|center Philip II "the Handsome" 22 July 1478 25 September 1506 27 March 1482to25 September 1506 Their son 100px|center Charles III"the Golden" 24 February 1500 21 September 1558 25 September 1506to16 January 1556 His son 100px|center Philip III"the Prudent" 21 May 1527 13 September 1598 16 January 1556to6 May 1598100px|center Isabella Clara Eugenia 12 August 1566 1 December 1633 6 May 1598to13 July 1621 His daughter Albert 15 November 1559 13 July 1621 His son-in-law 100px|center Philip IV"the Great" 8 April 1605 17 September 1665 13 July 1621to17 September 1665 Their nephew 100px|center Charles IV "the Bewitched" 6 November 1661 1 November 1700 17 September 1665to1 November 1700 His son

During the War of Spanish Succession, 1701–1714, the duchy was disputed between Philip of Anjou, grandson of Louis XIV of France, of the House of Bourbon; and Charles of Austria, son of Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor, of the House of Habsburg. In 1712, Luxembourg and Namur were ceded to Maximilian II Emanuel, Elector of Bavaria by his French allies, but at the end of the war in 1713 with the Treaty of Utrecht Maximilian Emanuel was restored as Elector of Bavaria. In 1713, the duchy fell to the Austrian branch of the House of Habsburg.

House of Bourbon

ImageNameDate of birth Date of death Reign Relationship with predecessor 100px|center Philip VPhilippe de France 19 December 1683 9 July 1746 1 November 1700–1712 his grandnephew

House of Wittelsbach

ImageNameDate of birth Date of death Reign Relationship with predecessor 100px|center Maximilian IIMaximilian Emanuel Ludwig Maria Joseph Kajetan Anton Nikolaus Franz Ignaz Felix 11 July 1662 26 February 1726 1712–11 April 1713 his uncle

House of Habsburg
ImageNameDate of birth Date of death Reign Relationship with predecessor 100px|center Charles VKarl Franz Joseph Wenceslau Balthasar Johann Anton Ignatius 1 October 1685 20 October 1740 11 April 1713–20 October 1740 his second cousin 100px|center Maria II TheresaMaria Theresa Walburga Amalia Christina 13 May 1717 29 November 1780 20 October 1740–29 November 1780 his daughter 100px|center JosephJoseph Benedikt AugustJohannes Anton Michael Adam 13 March 1741 20 February 1790 29 November 1780to20 February 1790 her son 100px|center LeopoldPeter Leopold JosephAnton Joachim Pius Gotthard 5 May 1747 1 March 1792 20 February 1790to1 March 1792 His brother 100px|center Francis IIFrancis Joseph Charles 12 February 1768 2 March 1835 1 March 1792to1794 His son
Luxembourg was occupied by French revolutionaries between 1794 and 1813. At the Vienna Congress, it was elevated to a grand duchy and given in personal union to William I of the Netherlands.
List of Dukes
House of Orange-Nassau
 Image  Name  Date of birth  Date of death  Reign Relationship withpredecessor 100px|center Willem IWillem Frederik(Prince William VI of Orange) 24 August 1772 12 December 1843 15 March 1815to7 October 1840 Francis' third cousin and Anne's direct descendant 100px|center Willem IIWillem Frederik George Lodewijk 6 December 1792 17 March 1849 7 October 1840to17 March 1849 His son 100px|center Willem IIIWillem Alexander Paul Frederik Lodewijk 17 February 1817 23 November 1890 17 March 1849to23 November 1890

House of Nassau-Weilburg
NamePortraitBirthMarriagesDeathRight ofSuccession Adolphe23 November 1890 –17 November 1905 100px|center 24 July 1817Wiesbaden (Prussia) (1) Grand Duchess Elizabeth Mikhailovna of Russia31 January 1844[1 child (stillborn)](2) Princess Adelheid-Marie of Anhalt-Dessau23 April 1851[5 children] 17 November 1905Colmar-Berg William III's 17th cousin once removed through male line Guillaume IV17 November 1905 –25 February 1912 100px|center 22 April 1852Wiesbaden (Prussia) Infanta Marie Anne of Portugal[6 children] 25 February 1912Colmar-Berg Son ofAdolphe Marie-Adélaïde25 February 1912 –14 January 1919(abdicated) 100px|center 14 June 1894Colmar-Berg Unmarried[childless] 24 January 1924Lenggries (Germany) Daughter ofWilliam IV Charlotte14 January 1919 –12 November 1964 (abdicated) 100px|center 23 January 1896Colmar-Berg Prince Felix of Bourbon-Parma6 November 1919[6 children] 9 July 1985Fischbach Daughter ofWilliam IV /Sister ofMarie-Adélaïde Jean12 November 1964 –7 October 2000(abdicated) 100px|center 5 January 1921Colmar-Berg Princess Joséphine Charlotte of Belgium9 April 1953[5 children] 23 April 2019
Luxembourg City Son ofCharlotte Henri7 October 2000 –3 October 2025(abdicated) 100px|center 16 April 1955Betzdorf María Teresa Mestre y Batista4 February/14 February 1981[5 children] living Son ofJean Guillaume V3 October 2025 –present 100px|center 11 November 1981Luxembourg City Grand Duchess Stéphanie19/20 October 2012[2 children] living Son ofHenri

Timeline of Grand Dukes of Luxembourg since 1815

References

Other websites
History of titles of the counts and dukes of Luxembourg based on contemporary documents (before 1467)
History of titles of the dukes of Luxembourg based on contemporary documents (1467-1795)
History of titles of the grand dukes of Luxembourg based on contemporary documents (since 1814)


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