Ferdinand Peroutka

Ferdinand Peroutka (6 February 1895 – 20 April 1978) was a Czech journalist and writer. He is considered to be one of the most important journalists in Czech history.https://www.vaclavhavel.cz/en/index/calendar/751/ferdinand-peroutka-vcera-a-dnes

 Life 

 Early career 
From 1919 to 1924 he worked as editor of magazine Tribuna (Tribune), then from 1924 to 1939 he was editor-in-chief of revue Přítomnost (Presence). His activity was supported by T. G. Masaryk, who also contributed to his magazines. Peroutka was also wrote about politics in Lidové noviny, where he wrote against Nazis and communists, whose idelogies he saw as dangerous. For this he was frequently attacked by members of those parties. He also openly criticiced Adolf Hitler, for his lies and false promises. https://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt0r29r54s/

 World War II 
After German occupation of Czechoslovakia in 1939, Peroutka was forced to write propaganda for the Nazis. He didn't listen and in April 1939 issue of Přítomnost he wrote an article Dynamický život (Dynamic life) about the 50th birthday of Adolf Hitler. In this article he acknowledged Hitler's power, but refused that Czechs should listen to him. For this he was sent to concentration camp, but was released after few days. Although, a few months later in September 1939 he was jailed again, along with other potential enemies of Nazi regime.

Peroutka was jailed in concentration camps Dachau and Buchenwald, where he was liberated by American army in 1945.

 After the war 
After the war Peroutka became editor-in-chief of Svobodné noviny and Dnešek, that replaced his previous magazines.

In those years he was repeatedly accused  by communists of sympathizing with Nazis. Peroutka refused those claims. The alleged evidence of the communists were articles Dynamický život and Hitler po lidské strance (Hitler with a human face), that Peroutka didn't actually write.

Many years later in 2015, Czech president Miloš Zeman claimed that Peroutka was fascinated by Nazism and wrote an article called Hitler je gentleman (Hitler is gentleman). Although this was not proved, Zeman refused to offer an excuse. Zeman was eventually forced by the court to apologize for his false statement.

In the years 1945-1946 he was a member of the parliament for Czech National Social Party.

 Exile 
After Soviets assumed control over Czech government in 1948 Peroutka went to exile. First he went to England and later to United States. He worked for Radio Free Europe in Munich and was one of the members of The Council of Free Czechoslovakia.

Peroutka became one of the most important anti-communist personalities and his works were banned behind Iron Curtain. Reading and spreading his work was illegal and Communist government pretented he never existed. Because of this Czechs growing up after normalization had practically no way to find out who he was.

Peroutka died in 1978 in New York. After Velvet revolution he was buried on Vyšehrad in 1991.https://www.nytimes.com/1978/04/21/archives/f-peroutka-czech-journalist-dies-imprisoned-during-nazi-occupation.html

 References 

Category:1895 births
Category:1978 deaths
Category:Czechoslovak journalists
Category:Czech writers