Acid–base reaction

An acid-base reaction is a chemical reaction between an acid and a base. The products of such a reaction are a salt and water. This reaction may also regarded as neutralization reaction.

The reaction can be simplified to
(aq) + (aq) —> 
The other ions remain constant because they are not affected by the reaction. They are called spectator ions.

 Acids and oxides 
An example of an acid-oxide reaction is sulfuric acid and copper(II) oxide reacting to form copper sulfate and water:

H2SO4 + CuO —> CuSO4 + H2O

Another example of an acid-oxide reaction is hydrochloric acid reacting with sodium oxide to form sodium chloride and water:

2 HCl + Na2O —> 2 NaCl + H2O

The general equation is:

acid + oxide —> salt + water

 Acids and hydroxides 
This is one of the more common acid-base reactions. This reaction is one of the few processes to make sodium chloride and water using hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide:

HCl + NaOH —> NaCl + H2O

 Acids and carbonates 
An acid can also react with a carbonate, which is a relatively weak base. An example is hydrochloric acid reacting with sodium carbonate to form sodium chloride, carbon dioxide and water:

 2 HCl + Na2CO3 —> 2 NaCl + CO2 + H2O

The products of an acid-carbonate reaction is a soluble salt, carbon dioxide and water. 

Category:Chemical reactions
Category:Acids