Terpenoid

Terpenoids, or isoprenoids, are a large group of organic compounds. They are derivatives of terpenes. Like terpenes, they are made out of one or more isoprene molecules combined into a polymer. Unlike terpenes, terpenoids can have small changes to the structure, like taking away methyl groups or adding other chemical elements like oxygen.

They are lipids, and are found in all classes of living things. They are the largest group of natural products. About 60% of natural products are terpenoids.

Plant terpenoids are often used for their scent. They are used in traditional herbal remedies. Terpenoids help the scent of eucalyptus, the flavors of cinnamon, cloves, and ginger, the yellow color in sunflowers, and the red color in tomatoes. Well-known terpenoids include citral, menthol, camphor, salvinorin A in the plant Salvia divinorum, the cannabinoids found in cannabis, ginkgolide and bilobalide found in Ginkgo biloba, and the curcuminoids found in turmeric and mustard seeds.

The steroids and sterols in animals are biologically produced from terpenoid precursors.

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Category:Terpenoids
Category:Lipids