List of kings of Sparta

Sparta was an important Greek city-state in the Peloponnesus. It was unusual in that it had a diarchial system, with two kings ruling at the same time. The kings were called Arkhagêtai. They were hereditary rulers, and came from two separate dynasties. According to tradition, the two lines, the Agiads and Eurypontids, were descended from the twins Eurysthenes and Procles. These twins were said to be the descendants of Heracles, who conquered Sparta two generations after the Trojan War. The dynasties were named after the twins' grandsons, the kings Agis I and Eurypon. The Agiad line was regarded as being senior to the Eurypontid line.Cartledge, Paul, The Spartans, Vintage Books, 2003

Although there are lists of earlier Kings of Sparta, there is little evidence to show that any kings existed before the middle of the 6th century BC.

Legendary kings
Many kings of Sparta are described in the Greek mythology.

Lelegids
 Lelex, a son of Poseidon or Helios
 Myles, a son of Lelex
 Eurotas, a son of Myles, father of Sparta

Lacedaemonids
 Lacedaemon, a son of Zeus, husband of Sparta
 Amyklas, a son of Lacedaemon. He founded Amyklai
 Argalus, a son of Amyklas
 Kynortas, a son of Amyklas
 Perieres, a son of Kynortas
 Oibalos, a son of Kynortas
 Tyndareos (First reign), a son of Oibalos and father of Helen
 Hippocoon, a son of Oibalos and brother of Tyndareos
 Tyndareos (Second reign)

Atreids
 Menelaus, a son of Atreus and husband of Helen — c. 1250 BC
 Orestes, a son of Agamemnon and nephew of Menelaus — c. 1200 BC
 Tisamenos, a son of Orestes
 Dion, husband of Iphitea, the daughter of Prognaus — c. 1200 BC

Heraclids

 Agiad dynasty 
The dynasty was named after its second king, Agis.
 Eurysthenes ? – c. 930 BC
 Agis I c. 930 – c. 900 BC
 Echestratus c. 900 – c. 870 BC
 Labotas c. 870 – c. 840 BC
 Doryssus c. 840 – c. 820 BC
 Agesilaus I c. 820 – c. 790 BC
 Archelaus c. 790 – c. 760 BC
 Teleclus c. 760 – c. 758 BC
 Alcamenes c. 758 – c. 741 BC
 Polydorus c. 741 – c. 665 BC
 Eurycrates c. 665 – c. 640 BC
 Anaxander c. 640 – c. 615 BC
 Eurycratides c. 615 – c. 590 BC
 Leon c. 590 – 560 BC
 Anaxandridas II c. 560 – c. 520 BC
 Cleomenes I c. 520 – c. 490 BC
 Leonidas I c. 490 – 480 BC
 Pleistarchus 480 – c. 459 BC
 Pleistoanax c. 459 – 409 BC
 Pausanias 409–395 BC
 Agesipolis I 395–380 BC
 Cleombrotus I 380–371 BC
 Agesipolis II 371–369 BC
 Cleomenes II 369–309 BC
 Areus I 309–265 BC
 Acrotatus II 265–262 BC
 Areus II 262–254 BC
 Leonidas II 254–242 BC
 Cleombrotus II, 242–241 BC
 Leonidas II, 241–235 BC
 Cleomenes III 235–222 BC

 Eurypontid dynasty 
The dynasty is named after its third king Eurypon. Not shown is Lycurgus, who served for a short time as regent either for the minor Charilaus (780–750 BC) or for Labotas (870–840 BC) the Agiad.
 Procles - c. 930 BC
 Soos ? - c. 890 BC
 Eurypon c. 890 – c. 860 BC
 Prytanis c. 860 – c. 830 BC
 Polydectes c. 830 – c. 800 BC
 Eunomus c. 800 – c. 780 BC
 Charilaus c.780 – c. 750 BC
 Nicander c. 750 – c. 725 BC
 Theopompus c. 725 – c. 675 BC
 Anaxandridas I c. 675 – c. 645 BC
 Zeuxidamus c. 645 – c. 625 BC
 Anaxidamus c. 625 – c. 600 BC
 Archidamus I c. 600 – c. 575 BC
 Agasicles c. 575 – c. 550 BC
 Ariston c. 550 – c. 515 BC
 Demaratus c. 515 – c. 491 BC
 Leotychidas c. 491 – 469 BC
 Archidamus II 469–427 BC
 Agis II 427–401/400 BC
 Agesilaus II 401/400–360 BC
 Archidamus III 360–338 BC
 Agis III 338–331 BC
 Eudamidas I 331 – c. 305 BC
 Archidamus IV c. 305 – c. 275 BC
 Eudamidas II c. 275 – c. 245 BC
 Agis IV c. 245 – 241 BC
 Eudamidas III 241–228 BC
 Archidamus V 228–227 BC
 Eucleidas 227–221 BC

After Cleomenes III was defeated by Antigonus III Doson of Macedon and the Achaean League in the Battle of Sellasia, the Spartan kingship began to fail. Sparta was a republic from 221 to 219 BC. The dual monarchy was restored in 219 BC.

 Agesipolis III, 219–215 BC, the last Agiad, deposed by Lycurgus

 Lycurgus, 219–210 BC
 Pelops, 210–206 BC, son of Lycurgus and last king from either dynasty

Nabis, who was regent for Pelops, deposed Pelops and took the throne for himself. He claimed to be descended from the Eurypontid king Demaratus. He ruled from 206–192 BC. Laconicus was the last known king of Sparta. He took the throne in 192 BC. The Achaean League took control of Sparta in 192 BC.

References

Other websites
 Eurypontids and Agiads  by Jona Lendering

Category:Lists of monarchs
Category:Kings of Sparta