Massasoit

Massasoit  (c. 15811661),"Native People" (page), "Massasoit (Ousamequin) Sachem" (section),MayflowerFamilies.com, web page:MFcom-Native 
was the Native American leader of the Wampanoag and "Massasoit" tribes.  His name means Great Leader.Bicknell, p. 12

Early years
Massasoit was born in a Pokanoket village at the site of today's Rhode Island. His village was near a spring of water which is named after him.Wilson, James Grant; Fiske, John, eds. (1900). "Massasoit". Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography. New York: D. Appleton.  He was liked by seven leaders.  In March 1621, a Native American named Samoset entered Plymouth Colony and said to the Pilgrims in English, "Welcome Englishmen".  He had learned some words from the English fishermen and traders that had visited his tribe. He said he was sent by Massasoit, “the greatest leader of the country.” After a few days, Massasoit came in person and was received with great friendship. 

Massasoit made a treaty with the Pilgrims.  They promised to protect each other against unfriendly Native Americans. They  promised not to hurt each other.  They also promised to help each other as friends. Massasoit told the pilgrims that there was much sickness where the colonist were now living and that many had died. The treaty was kept as long as Massasoit lived.

 Peace treaty 

Massasoit helped the people of Plymouth Colony in many ways, including how to plant corn.  He became friends with the all of the colonial leaders. Bradford, William, 1590-1657; (Boston, Wright & Potter state printers) Harvard University Library pp. 113-114-122

Children
During this time, Massasoit had five children.  His oldest son, "Moanam" or Wamsutta, died within a year after his father, and his brother Metacom (Philip) became chief in 1662.

 Alliance
There was some bad feeling for a time when the Plymouth leaders refused to give up Squanto to Massasoit.  He believe that Squanto had betrayed him.  This was settled when Edward Winslow visited him in March 1623.Alvin G. Weeks, Massasoit of the Wampanoags, 1919. Massasoit was ill and Winslow took care of him.  After he got better, Massasoit said the English are my friends and love me. He also said that while he lives he would never forget the kindness they have showed me."Winslow, ch. 4

The Wampanoag and the English maintained a friendship until Massasoit's death. During this time, Massasoit sold lands to the English that they needed. When Roger Williams, was sent away from the Massachusetts colony, he spent many weeks with Massasoit. Massasoit was friendly and honest and always kept his word. He warned the pilgrims of any Native Americans who were not their friends.

Massasoit died as early as 1660.  When he died, his son Wamsutta became chief. When Wamsutta died Metacom (Philip) took his place. Of Massasoit's five children, the only child to survive King Philip's War in 1676 was his daughter, Amie, wife of Tispaquin.Heath, Dwight B. “A Journal of the Pilgrims at Plymouth: Mourt’s Relation”, A relation or journal of the English Plantation settled at Plymouth in New England , by certain English adventurers both merchants and others. Edited from the original printing of 1622. p. 7

References
"Native People" (page), "Massasoit (Ousamequin) Sachem" (section), MayflowerFamilies.com, webpage: MFcom-Native .

Nathaniel Philbrick, Mayflower: A Story of Courage, Community, and War, New York 2006.

In fiction
Massasoit was a character in "The Mayflower Voyagers", a 1988 episode of the Peanuts television series, This is America, Charlie Brown. 

At the beginning of the 1995 movie adaptation of Nathaniel Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter, Massasoit dies and his tribe cremates him.

Notes

Category:1581 births
Category:1661 deaths
Category:Native American people
Category:People from Rhode Island
Category:Plymouth Colony