Kale

Kale is a vegetable with green or purple leaves. It is also called borecole. It is in the group of vegetables called Brassica oleracea or wild cabbage. It is cruciferous because of the shape of its flowers.D'Amico, Serge, L'Encyclopédie Visuelle des Aliments, Québec-Amérique, 1996, p.102.

A plant that would have been first cultivated in the Mediterranean area, it was called in these times cabbage well before the well rounded variety existed.  Kale was a significant crop in Roman times; it became a basic staple for peasants in the Middle Ages and it was bought to the United States by the English in the 17th century.

Kale is one of the most resistant from the cabbage family; it can support temperatures as low as -­15 °C but it doesn’t sustain high temperatures. Since it is resistant to cold temperatures and grows easily, kale was an appreciated winter vegetable, especially in Scotland, Germany, Holland and Scandinavia. Today, it is eaten the world over.

Kale has large stringy leaves, very curly, with a well-marked flavor. Their color varies from pale green to dark green, sometimes to blue-tinted green. The leaves are not well rounded, a characteristic expressed by the Latin word which describes this variety of cabbage « acephala » and which means « without head ». The leaves surmount a fine whitish and very fibrous stem, it can measure from 30 to 40 cm. Kale is so decorative that ornamental varieties were developed.

Nutrients
 Nutrient  % Daily Value  World Healthiest Foods Rating Vitamin K  1327.6% excellent Vitamin A   354.1% excellent  Vitamin C  88.8% excellent Manganese  27% excellent Fiber  10.4%  very good Copper   10% very good Tryptophan  9.3% very good Calcium  9.3% very good Vitamin B6  9%  very good Potassium   8.4% very good Iron  6.5% good Magnesium  5.8% good Vitamin E  5.5%  good Omega 3 fats   5.4% good Vitamin B2  5.2% good Protein 4.9% good Vitamin B1  4.6% good Folate  4.2% good Phosphorus  3.6% good Vitamin B3  3.2% good Calories(36)  2%

Kale is an excellent source of vitamin K, C, A and manganese; it is a very good source of fiber, copper, tryptophan, calcium, vitamin B6 and potassium.  Kale is a good source of iron, magnesium, vitamin E, omega 3 fats, vitamin B2, protein, vitamin B1, folate, phosphorus and vitamin B3.

 Usage 

Kale is rarely eaten raw.  We can add it sparingly to salads.  It transmits its well-marked taste to soups and stews.  You can blanch it to attenuate its flavour.  Kale is delicious coated with sauce, sprinkled with cheese or in purée (alone or with mashed potatoes).D'Amico, Serge et Claire de Guillebon, La Mini-Encyclopédie des Aliments, Québec-Amérique, 2008, p.83.

 Cooking 

Choose kale with firm leaves, well colored and relatively small, without stain or mold. One cup cooked makes 130 grams. Cut the leaves around the stem, cut the core, separate each leaf.  Wash well with running water or with vinegary water to remove dirt and bugs that could remain.  We cook kale in water or we steam it from 20 to 30 min, braised in a slow cooker, stuffed or sautéed in a wok.

 Preservation 

Put the kale leaves very tight rather than loose in refrigerator without washing it, inside a perforated plastic bag.  It can be kept in this way from five to ten days, but it is more flavorful and less bitter when it is eaten rapidly.  Kale can be frozen after having been blanched two to three minutes, until the leaves soften a bit.

References

Category:Leaf vegetables
Category:Vegetables 
Category:Brassica oleracea