United States Minor Outlying Islands

The United States Minor Outlying Islands are nine island territories of the United States. They are Baker Island, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, Midway Atoll, Palmyra Atoll, and Wake Island in the Pacific Ocean; and Navassa Island in the Caribbean Sea. The islands are grouped together for statistical reasons. They are not administered together.

As of 2008, none of the islands have any people living there permanently. The only human population consists of temporary scientific and military personnel.  The 2000 census counted 315 people on Johnston Atoll and 1 person on Wake Island.US Census 2000 Population Summary — see Table I There has been no modern indigenous population, except at the 1940 census. In 1936, a colonization scheme began to settle Americans on Baker, Howland and Jarvis, but all three islands were evacuated in 1942 because of World War II.

The islands are all together represented by the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code UM. The ISO introduced the term "United States Minor Outlying Islands" in 1986. From 1974 until 1986, five of the islands (Baker Island, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Palmyra Atoll and Kingman Reef) were grouped under the term "United States Miscellaneous Pacific Islands", with ISO 3166 code PU. The code of Midway Atoll was MI, the code of Johnston Atoll was JT, and the code of Wake Island was WK. The Pacific islands are surrounded by large Exclusive Economic Zones.

Airports

The following is a list of island airports with ICAO (IATA) codes:
 PJON (JON): Johnston Atoll Airport, Johnston Atoll
 PMDY (MDY): Henderson Field (Midway Atoll), (Naval Air Facility), Sand Island
 PWAK (AWK): Wake Island Airfield, Wake Island
 PLPA: Palmyra (Cooper) Airport, Palmyra Atoll, Cooper Island
 PBAR: Baker Island Airport, Baker Island
 PLUR: Jarvis Airport, Jarvis Island

Ports

Three of the islands have ports listed in the World Port Index, with World Port Number:
 56325 JOHNSTON ATOLL: Johnston Atoll
 56328 MIDWAY ISLAND: Midway Atoll
 56330 WAKE ISLAND: Wake Island
 not listed WEST LAGOON: Palmyra Atoll

Baker Island, Howland Island and Jarvis Island have a small boat landing place on each. Kingman Reef and Navassa Island have offshore anchorage only.

Islands

 Atoll/Island  Island Areakm²  Lagoonkm²  Coordinates  NWREstablished  Date ofAcquisitionNorthern Pacific Ocean, scattered isolated islands Wake IslandA  7.4  6   2009 January 6 1899 January 17 Johnston AtollB  2.52  130     1926 July 291859 September 6Northern Pacific Ocean, Northwestern Hawaiian Islands Midway Atoll  5.18  40   1996 November 11867 August 28Central Pacific Ocean, Northern Line Islands Kingman Reef  0.01  76   2001 January 181860 February 8 Palmyra AtollB  6.56  15    2001 January 181912 February 21Central Pacific Ocean, Central Line Islands Jarvis Island  4.45  -   1974 June 271856 October 28Central Pacific Ocean, Northern Phoenix Islands Baker Island  1.24  -   1974  June 271856 October 28 Howland Island  1.62  -   1974 June 271856 October 28Caribbean Sea Navassa IslandC  5.2  -  1999 December 31858 October 31 Bajo Nuevo BankD  0.02  155  N/A1869 November 22 Serranilla BankD  0.02  1200  N/A1879 September 81880 September 13 'U.S. Minor Outlying Islands  34.2  267      A Claimed by the Marshall Islands B Previously claimed by Hawaii when independent. Palmyra was officially part of Hawaii until 1959.C Claimed by HaitiD These islands are controlled by Colombia, and are not included in the ISO list of territories. Their areas are not included in the totals.

References

Other websites
 WorldStatesmen- U.S.
 Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges 
 CIA World Factbook: United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges 
 Historical Population figures 
 dates of acquisition