Mars flyby

A Mars flyby is when a spacecraft passes near the planet Mars, but does not enter orbit or land on it.Page 15-16 in Chapter 3 of David S. F. Portree's Humans to Mars: Fifty Years of Mission Planning, 1950 - 2000, NASA Monographs in Aerospace History Series, Number 21, February 2001. Available as NASA SP-2001-4521. Unmanned (no humans on board) space probes have used this method to collect data on Mars and other worlds. A spacecraft that is built for a flyby is also known as a "flyby bus" or "flyby spacecraft".Joseph A. Angelo - Encyclopedia Of Space And Astronomy (2006) - Page 171

List of Mars flybys
Dawn, closest approach (2009) was 549 km.
RosettaESA - Rosetta successfully swings-by Mars, within 250 kmSpace probe performs Mars fly-by - BBC
Nozomi
Mariner program spacecraft
Mariner 4 (1965, the first successful Mars flyby), Mariner 6, and Mariner 7 returned data from Mars flybys
Mars program spacecraft
Two Mars flyby attempts were made in 1960 under Mars 1M (Mars 1960A and Mars 1960B). 
The third attempt at a Mars flyby was the Soviet Mars 2MV-4 No.1,  also called Mars 1962A or Sputnik 22, which launched in 1962 as part of the Mars program. but it was destroyed in low Earth orbit due to rocket failure. 
Mars 1 also launched in 1962 but communications failed before it reached Mars.The Soviet Mars program , Professor Chris Mihos, Case Western Reserve University 
Mars 4 achieved a flyby in 1974 and detected a night-side ionosphere, although by that time Mars was already orbited by other spacecraft.
Mars 6 and 7 were Mars landers carried by flyby buses.

 References 

Other websites
Astronautix - Mars flyby
Mars by Rosetta 

Category:Mars
Category:Spaceflight