Bufonidae

Bufonidae is a family of true toads. The family has 35 genus groups in it. The Bufonidae toads live almost everywhere, on every continent except Australia and Antarctica. They live in rain forest. They lay their eggs in strings. Mostly, the eggs and become tadpoles. However, in the genus Nectophrynoides, the eggs hatch into small frogs instead.

True toads do not have any teeth. Their skin has bumps called warts. They have a pair of parotoid glands on the backs of their heads. These glands has alkaloid poison. They get this type of poison from stress. They have also other toxins such as Bufotoxin. Male toads has a Bidder's organ. The organ will become an active ovary if conditions are right. They will then become a female.

Taxonomy
Bufonidae has about 500 species in its 37 genuses.

 Genus Latin Name and AuthorCommon NameSpecies Adenomus    Altiphrynoides   Ethiopian Toads  Amietophrynus    Andinophryne   Andes Toads  Ansonia   Stream Toads  Atelopus   Stubfoot Toads  Bufo   Toads  Bufoides   Mawblang Toads   Capensibufo   Cape Toads  Churamiti     Crepidophryne   Cerro Utyum Toads  Dendrophryniscus   Tree Toads   Didynamipus   Four-digit Toads   Duttaphrynus    Epidalea   Natterjack Toads  Frostius   Frost's Toads   Ingerophrynus    Laurentophryne   Parkers Tree Toads   Leptophryne   Indonesia Tree Toads   Melanophryniscus   South American Redbelly Toads   Mertensophryne   Snouted Frogs  Metaphryniscus     Nectophryne   African Tree Toads   Nectophrynoides   African Live-bearing Toads   Nimbaphrynoides   Nimba Toads  Oreophrynella   Bush Toads  Osornophryne   Plump Toads   Parapelophryne     Pedostibes   Asian Tree Toads   Pelophryne   Flathead Toads  Pseudepidalea    Pseudobufo   False Toads  Rhinella   Beaked Toads  Schismaderma   African Split-skin Toads  Truebella     Werneria   Smalltongue Toads  Wolterstorffina   Wolterstorff Toads  

References

 Books 

 Stebbins, Robert. Western Reptiles & Amphibians (3rd ed.). Houghton Mifflin Co., 2003.
 Halliday, Tim R., and Kraig Adler (editors). The New Encyclopedia of Reptiles & Amphibians. Facts on File, New York, 2002.

Other websites

Amphibian and Reptiles of Peninsular Malaysia - Family Bufonidae
FED.us
Bufonidae recordings  from the British Library Sound Archive
Tolweb.org 
Bufonidae.com 

Category:Toads