French Civil Aviation University

The French Civil Aviation University (French: École nationale de l'aviation civile), also known as ENAC,ENAC is a French acronym. ENAC stands for "École Nationale de l'Aviation Civile". is a French public aeronautical grande école. It was created on 28 August 1949. It has locations in Biscarosse, Carcassonne, Castelnaudary, Château-Arnoux-Saint-Auban, Grenoble, Melun, Montpellier, Muret, Saint-Yan and Toulouse, in France. It is a member of the Conférence des Grandes Écoles, the University of Toulouse, and of the Aerospace Valley. It is one of five founders of France AEROTECH.France Aérotech, un nouveau réseau pour l’aéronautique et le spatial 

ENAC provides training in civil aeronautics. The university has around 25 courses. These include aerospace engineering, Masters, Mastères Spécialisés, and courses for technicians, airline pilots, air traffic controllers, managers and flight instructors (people who teach others to fly planes).

 History 
 1945 - 1949 

Air travel grew rapidly in France after World War II. Safe air transport required staff trained specifically for this activity. It also required people in different sectors of the aviation world to work together and understand each other. That is why ENAC was started.50 ans d'Énac p.13 Max Hymans, the secretary general of civil and commercial aviation, was the chief organiser.

 1949 - 1955 


ENAC started on 28 August 1949 (Decree 49-1205) in Paris. The university was in Orly, south of Paris. René Lemaire considers ENAC as "a university of aviation safety".Speech on the 3rd of March 1951 

A report of the Inspection générale de l'aviation civile said: "It was in the minds of the creators of the university, to develop between the crew and the ground staff a community of ideas, reciprocal knowledge, and esteem, that are essential for the teamwork required by air transport."  Training courses were longer or shorter depending on specialty.50 ans d'Énac p.25René LEMAIRE, 1952

 1955 - 1959 

The decree of 13 October 1959 announced the first partner of the university: Air France.50 ans d'Énac p.28 It resulted in a sharing of tasks. It also established recruitment for airline pilots students with no previous flight experience. In 1958, the university had already welcomed the first airline pilots students, on an experimental basis.


ENAC cooperated with the National School of Meteorology. It promoted the teaching of this subject for air traffic controllers.50 ans d'Énac p.32  After World War II, ENAC helped the conversion of military aircrew.  The Service de l'aviation légère et sportive (SALS), under the decree of 31 March 1951, provided free flight training for airline pilot candidates coming from the army.50 ans d'Énac p.33

From 1949 to 1959, the number of courses increased from 6 to 64. The number of students increased from 49 to 800.50 ans d'Énac p.34  In 1956, the navigation instructor rating was created. A training programme also started. In 1958, the airline pilot theoretical training course started.50 ans d'Énac p.35

It had rites such as a reception in full uniform by local authorities when university officials and students arrived at a new location.50 ans d'Énac p.45

ENAC Orly also held a yearly trip for all the students. 

 1959 - 1968 

The university moved to Toulouse in 1968. The main campus is still there in 2020. It also changed from an external department of the French civil aviation administration to a public administration institution in 1970.50 ans d'Énac p.55

The French Civil Aviation University was started close to Paris-Orly Airport. This l was the largest French airport at the time. It offered easy use of airplanes for a lot of activities such as navigation flights and promotional trips. It was also close to many airlines and aircraft manufacturers or businesses related to the aviation industry. The managers of these businesses often gave lectures and conferences at the university.


Traffic at Paris-Orly Airport grew rapidly at the beginning of the 1950s. In the mid-1950s plans began for a new location near to Parisian airports.50 ans d'Énac p.57  The potential locations were all less than 150 km from Paris, for example Melun, Pontoise, Coulommiers, Étampes, Reims, Évreux, Chartres, and Orleans.  A report dated 20 May 1959 lists the disadvantages of a location too far from Paris.50 ans d'Énac p.58  René Lemaire gave a report on 14 June 1960 in which he supported a transfer to Toulouse.50 ans d'Énac p.59 The École nationale supérieure d'ingénieurs de constructions aéronautiques settled in Toulouse in 1961 and the École nationale supérieure de l'aéronautique et de l'espace50 ans d'Énac p.61 was also going to move from Paris to Toulouse. 

The construction of new buildings on the campus of Rangueil began in April 1966.50 ans d'Énac p.79  The project ended on 19 August 1968. The academic year started on 16 September 1968. 500 students started, including 325 who started their training. These trainees were as follows: 15 air navigation engineering students (mostly from the École Polytechnique), 70 engineering students in air navigation from two-years studies after the French Baccalaureate (the main end of school exams in France), 60 airline pilot students, 100 air traffic controller students, 40 electronics students, 20 commercial pilot students and 20 flight dispatcher students.50 ans d'Énac p.81

 1968 - 1975 
Before the university opened its doors to its new campus, the Commission permanente took into consideration the problem of an inadequate (not good enough) legal status. This problem was old. It was identified soon after the creation of the university. ENAC was supervised closely. There were many inspection reports. On average, these usually happened once every two years, sometimes more often.50 ans d'Énac p.87 The management of the institution was judged strictly. In the mid-1950s, some reports said the university was not allowed to exist, for example, the confidential report of Brancourt Controller on 12 March 1952. Some reports said that the university had "a lack of doctrine", and that "there is a certain tension with the training center of Air France", and even that "ENAC is madness".

The final decision is taken by Decree No. 70-347 of 13 April 1970. It was applied on 1 January 1971. ENAC received a board of directors when it became a public administrative institution. René Lemaire was the first president.50 ans d'Énac p.91

 1975 - 1990 

From 1975  the proportion of engineering students called "civilians" increased over the "officials" (civil servants) engineering students.  it was in 1956 that the first students for the private sector were trained . At the end of 1950s, however, this was only a minority of students.50 ans d'Énac p.101 ENAC engineering education, particularly that of the specialty called "facilities" - it focuses on electronics - seduced the industrial sectors of electronics and information technology. Without having particularly desired it, the university became a National University of Engineers.

Industry oriented university research appeared in 1984, following the law on Higher education which provides that "engineering education [...] has a research activity, basic or applied,50 ans d'Énac p.125 " and is organized around four areas: electronics, automation, computer and air transport economy. 

The mid 1980s saw the emergence of mastères spécialisés programs. They come from an industrial demand, including the groupement des industries françaises aéronautiques et spatiales, in order to support the export contracts by training.50 ans d'Énac p.130 Indeed, while filling the needs of many French students or professionals, they can train foreign executives. The same period saw the diversification of continuing education50 ans d'Énac p.129 at the university. The continuing education courses are organized in five main areas: air traffic systems, electronics, computer, aeronautics and languages/humanities.50 ans d'Énac p.131

 1990 - today 

The international dimension of the university grew in the 1990s..50 ans d'Énac p.133 It consists first in the participation in European projects such as EATCHIP (European Air Traffic control Harmonization and Integration Program), then in joining mobility programs for students such as Erasmus or Socrates. Under these programs, the university welcomes a growing number of foreign students. In doing so, it forges close relations with foreign universities, including those of Berlin and Darmstadt in Germany, and Tampere in Finland.  The 2000s are the years of the creation of courses entirely taught in English language and the development of activities focused on air navigation.50 ans d'Énac p.146 In 2009, the university and its alumni association organize the first edition of the salon du livre aéronautique (aeronautical literary festival) in Toulouse.Le livre prend son envol au salon de l'ENAC In December 2010, ENAC becomes an ICAO center for training in aviation security.Le Centre de formation à la sûreté de l’ENAC agréé par l’OACI 

The university developed new teaching facilities: the air traffic control simulator "CAUTRA", the aerodrome control simulator "AERSIM", an Airbus A320 flight management system simulator, a static model of the Airbus A321' s engine and the laboratory of telecom networks.50 ans d'Énac p.143

Since the 1st January 2011 and the merging of ENAC with the SEFA, the university is the biggest European aviation university.La France dispose de la plus grande école d’aviation européenne 

In 2013, ENAC starts with the DGAC the consulting company France Aviation Civile Services.

In June 2025, the school created the Toulouse School of Aviation and Aerospace Engineering in partnership with ISAE-SUPAERO.L'Enac et l'Isae-Supaero mettent leur recherche aéronautique en commun

 Heads history 

The current head of the university is Olivier Chansou, after Marc HouallaMarc Houalla le pilote du changement who was SEFA director from 2006 till the 1st of January 2011.Marc HOUALLA  He is the eighth person to be director since 1949. He was elected the 27th of November 2017.Décret du 27 novembre 2017 portant nomination du directeur de l'Ecole nationale de l'aviation civile (ENAC) - M. CHANSOU (Olivier)

+ List of ENAC headsAnnuaire INGENAC 2010 page 9 Name Years Guy du Merle 1948 to 1951 Gilbert Manuel 1951 to 1967 Louis Pailhas 1967 to 1982 André Sarreméjean 1982 to 1990 Alain Soucheleau 1990 to 1999 Gérard Rozenknop 1999 to 2008 Marc Houalla 2008 to 2017 Olivier Chansou since 2017

 Administration 
 Governance 
As all the equivalent universities in France, ENAC is managed by a President elected by a board of directors.Organigramme général  He is member of the three councils of the university :
 Training and research council, managed by Gilles Perbost at the 1st of September 2011 ;
 Flight training council, coming from the merger with SEFA ;
 International relations and development council.

In addition to these three councils, the university has a director's office which includes communication and cultural affairs, a division of information systems and a general secretariat for legal management, logistics, financial and human resources.Rapport d'évaluation de  l'École Nationale de l’Aviation Civile – ENAC 

 Budget 

The university spent for its operation 126 million euros in 2011. The budget is up 61.12% compared to 2010Avis présenté au nom de la commission du développement durable et de l'aménagement du territoire sur la loi de finances pour 2011 (n° 2824), tome IV, écologie, développement et améngament durables : transports aériens as a result of its merger with the SEFA and consists of:"Ecologie, développement et aménagement durables" et comptes spéciaux
 24 million of euros of own resources, of which 8.5 million euros corresponding to those of the service d'exploitation de la formation aéronautique ;
 102 million euros in subsidies.

 ENAC fondation 

In consideration for several months,Enac : L'école cherche à se doter d'une fondation a corporate foundation has been established in September 2011. It aims to guide the training and research council on the changes to be made to the training Ingénieur ENAC (ENAC engineer) and to the corporate partnerships. It consists of technical and human resources managers from aerospace companies such as Air France, Airbus, Aéroport de Paris, Rockwell Collins, Thalès, Aéroconseil,....Newsletter ENAC - n°97 / Septembre 2011

 Campuses 


ENAC has eight campuses and can provide accommodation.École Nationale de l’Aviation Civile ENAC - Toulouse  It also has a canteen, cafeteria, library, computer rooms, sports halls including a fitness room, a sports field, a rugby field, five tennis courts, a beach volleyball and a golf driving range. Its main campus is located at Rangueil (Toulouse).Travaux. Rangueil : l'Enac rénove son campus

Since its merger with the SEFA, ENAC has eight locations :
 A gliding center at the Château-Arnoux-Saint-Auban AirportEnac / SEFA : La fusion opérationnelle pour le 1er janvier 2011Les cadets Air France dans la nature 
 A maintenance center at the Castelnaudary - Villeneuve Airport (long-term maintenance for ENAC fleet)
 A campus at the Carcassonne Airport (flight training)De la voltige de haut niveau
 A campus at the Grenoble-Isère Airport (flight training)Formation FI 
 A campus at the Biscarrosse - Parentis Airport (flight and air navigation training)L'École nationale d'aviation civile ouvre ses portes
 A campus at the Saint-Yan Airport (flight training)SEFA 60 Ans au SommetLes 60 ans de Saint Yan L'AEROPORT DE SAINT YAN 
 A campus at the Montpellier – Méditerranée Airport (flight and air navigation training. This campus has an antenna at the Aix-en-Provence Aerodrome)Montpellier, entre ciel et mer
 A campus at the Muret - Lherm Aerodrome (flight and air navigation training)Muret 
 Melun Villaroche Aerodrome (official people)Melun-Villaroche - L'aérodrome restera occupé toute la semaine 

 Equipment 

ENAC has a fleet of 130 aircraft of different types:La France dispose de la plus grande école d'aviation européenne Tout est bon dans le Salon CAP-10, Socata TB-10, Socata TB-20, Beechcraft Baron 58, Beechcraft 200, ATR 42, Diamond DA40 (to replace the Socata TB-20) and Diamond DA42 (to replace the Beechcraft Baron 58).

On its Toulouse campus, the university has flight simulator Robin DR400 and Socata TB-20, and also some static simulators of Airbus A320 and Airbus A340.Un simulateur de vol à prix discount

In the air navigation department, it has control tower simulatorsLettre mensuelle DSNA numéro 29 - avril 2010  (at 120 or 360 degrees).L'ENAC met en réseau ses simulateurs de vol et de contrôle pour répondre aux besoins de formation et de recherche des entreprises aéronautiques 

 Teaching and research 
 Initial training 

ENAC has four Bachelor's degree courses to train pilots and aerospace technicians.

ENAC provide theoretical training for pilot students in eight months in its campus of Toulouse.  Practical training of 16 months is given in the other campuses of the university in Montpellier, Carcassonne, Saint-Yan or Muret.  There is also training for various aviation technicians. It has seven Master's degree programs to train people for both aerospace industry and French civil aviation authority.

Courses of Air traffic controller and Air Traffic Safety Electronics Personnel are done by the university.  The Ingénieur ENAC course trains aerospace engineer in three sectors : electronics and aeronautical telecommunications, computer systems and air traffic and aeronautical engineering.  The university created in 2007 a Master's degree in International Air Transport Operation Management, in 2011 the course Master's degree in Global Navigation Satellite SystemNouveau MASTER Global Navigation Satellite System, (GNSS)  supported by the European CommissionCréation du Master GNSS Les formations ingénieur ENAC  and in 2012 the Master's degree in Air Traffic Management in partnership with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. The Master's degree in Human–computer interaction is realized in cooperation with the Paul Sabatier University.Master IHM 

It provides nine Mastères Spécialisés coursesENAC Ecole nationale de l'aviation civile in the fields: airport management, air transport management (in partnership with Toulouse Business School), communication - navigation - surveillance and satellite applications for aviation, aviation safety aircraft airworthiness (in partnership with other grandes écolesSM-ASAA), air-ground collaborative systems engineering, aviation and air traffic managementLa Conférence des Grandes Écoles accrédite le nouveau Mastère Spécialisé AVIATION & AIR TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT de l’ENAC  and aerospace project management in partnership with other grandes écoles.Mastère Spécialisé : Aerospace Project Management    Mastère Spécialisé : Aerospace Project Management SM-APM

The former students of the three Master programs, the Ingénieur ENAC course, as well as those of the Corps of Bridges and Roads and those of the Mastères Spécialisés courses was represented by an association, INGENAC, created in 1988, member of the CNISF (French scientific and engineer council) and in Toulouse.Page d'accueil  The 16th of March 2012, INGENAC decided to represent all the former students of the university and changes its name to « ENAC Alumni ».Assemblée générale d'ENAC Alumni

Each course of the university has its own recruitment process.Calendrier des recrutements ÉNAC 2012 

 Continuing education 

By hosting each year more than 7,500 students who participate to more than 600 courses, with a turnover of 15 million euros, ENAC is now the largest organization in Europe for aeronautical continuing education. The continuing education of ENAC has been developed in areas which ENAC is well recognized : air traffic, electronics, computer science, aeronautical engineering, aircraft control, ...

 International partners 


Students of the aerospace engineer course can study at the two other grandes écoles members of the groupement des écoles d'aéronautique, and also at the National Polytechnic Institute of ToulouseMaster IT parcours SIGL  and at Nantes business school.Enac : Partenariat avec l'Ecole de Commerce de Nantes Moreover, as part of France AEROTECH, an exchange of third year engineering students is under elaboration with the grandes écoles of this network.Élargissement du réseau FRANCE AEROTECH et signature d’une charte de gouvernance 

In another country, students have access to the Erasmus programmePage des échanges internationaux and to Pegasus. In the aerospace engineer course, the university welcomed 8% of foreign students in 2011.ÉNAC Toulouse dans le palmarès l'Étudiant 2012  Considering all the courses, this number was 46% in 2010.OBJECTIF n° 2 : Faire de l’ENAC une école de référence dans le domaine du transport aérien en France et à l’étranger 

The university has also agreements with  : Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Florida Institute of Technology, University of California, University of Washington, École africaine de la météorologie et de l'aviation civile. It also educates people of the Agence pour la sécurité de la navigation aérienne en Afrique et à Madagascar.

ENAC is a founder of the Institut sino-européen d'ingénierie de l'aviation of Tianjin. On this city, the university has four Mastères Spécialisés courses at the Civil Aviation University of ChinaPlaquette de présentation de l'ÉNAC  L'ÉNAC dans le monde only for Chinese students : airport management, aviation safety management - airworthiness, aviation safety management - flight operations and aviation safety management - aeronautical maintenance.Students graduate from Airbus aviation program

In December 2011, the university signed a partnership with the École des Ponts ParisTech and the Académie internationale Mohammed VI de l'aviation civile to start an Executive MBA in aviation management for aerospace peopleL'AIAC lance un Executive MBA in Aviation Management in March 2012 at Casablanca.UN NOUVEL EXECUTIVE MBA POUR L’AVIATION

 Research activities 

Research is a growing business at ENAC since 1984, following the law on higher education which provides that  « engineer training...contains a research activity, pure or applied ».50 and d'Enac page 125 It was originally organized around four areas : electronics, automation, computer and air transport economy. Mid-2009, the research teams was in the following laboratories : automation - operational research,Laboratoire de recherche opérationnelle et automatique  economy - air econometrics,Laboratoire d'économie et d'économétrie de l'aérien  study - optimization of telecommunications networks architectures,Présentation (succincte) du LEOPARTDéveloppement d'algorithmes de planification tactique de trajectoires avion.  electromagnetism for aeronautical telecommunications,Laboratoire d'Électromagnétisme pour les Télécommunications Aéronautiques (LETA)  interactive computer,Le laboratoire d'informatique interactive  applied mathematics, air traffic optimization  and signal processing for aeronautical telecommunications.Laboratoire de Traitement du Signal pour les Télécommunications Aéronautiques (LTST) 

ENAC also has, since 2005, a team that maintains and develops Paparazzi, a free system for Page d'accueil unmanned aerial vehicle laboratory. The infrastructure includes also a planetarium and an air traffic control simulator. ENAC is a founding member of the European academy for aviation safety,Page principale network of the key training organizations in the field of air safety. During the Paris Air Show of 2005, the university announced a partnership with Office National d'Études et de Recherches AérospatialesPartenariat stratégique ÉNAC-ONÉRA dans le domaine de la recherche  in the fields of air traffic management, air safety, satellite navigation, sustainable development and air transport economy.L’ENAC et l’ONERA mettent leurs compétences en commun afin de promouvoir une recherche d’excellence et apporter des solutions à des clients français et étrangers 

End of 2011, the university has established a new research organization that are six transverse programs : unmanned aerial vehicles and air traffic management, airports, aircraft and air operations, human-computer interaction, air/ground communications and sustainable development. Everything is now based on four laboratories : applied mathematics - optimization - optimal control - control engineering operations research, signal processing - satellite positioning system - electromagnetism - networks (TELECOM), architecture - modeling - engineering of interactive systems and economics - air transport econometrics.Newsletter ENAC - n°98 / Novembre 2011

 Famous people 
 Alumni 

Several famous pilots have studied at the French Civil Aviation University like Émile Allegret, soldierÉmile ALLEGRET and member of the French ResistanceEmile Allegret during the World War II, Xavier Barral (Promotion 1966), former President of the association des professionnels navigants de l'aviation (Professional aircrew association), Noël Chevrier (Promotion 1970), antistress center manager at Air France, Gérard Feldzer (Promotion 1971), former President of the Aéro-Club de France,Les bons vœux de Gérard Feldzer Gérard Feldzer Le Bourget : Une femme succède à Gérard Feldzer au musée de l’Air Bernard Pestel (Promotion 1972), vice president of the société française de droit aérien (French Air Law company), Béatrice Vialle (Promotion 1981), one of the two female Concorde pilotTout Concorde Béatrice VIALLEPlus de 100 femmes pilotes au Bourget ce week-end  and the first French female pilot on a supersonic airliner.BÉATRICE VIALLE, LA SEULE FEMME QUI A PILOTÉ UN CONCORDE

Particularly because of its status of a French civil servant university, some civil servants have been students at ENAC like Jean-Marc de Raffin Dourny (Promotion 1966), President of the organisme pour la sécurité de l'aviation civile (organization for the safety of civil aviation), Michel Bernard (Promotion 1967), former head of the Agence nationale pour l'emploiMichel Bernard va piloter l'ANPELe successeur de Michel Bon a fait sa carrière dans l'aéronautique. and former President of Air Inter,Michel Bernard, PDG d'Air Inter: ""Nous allons nous ouvrir sur l'international"" Paul-Louis Arslanian (Promotion 1968), former headBritish Airways grounds Concorde fleet of the French Bureau d'Enquêtes et d'Analyses pour la Sécurité de l'Aviation Civile,Le directeur du BEA, Paul-Louis Arslanian, partira à la retraite en octobre Le BEA regrette de ne pas être associé aux autopsies, les recherches avancent Jean-Paul Troadec (Promotion 1970), head of the Bureau d'Enquêtes et d'Analyses pour la Sécurité de l'Aviation Civile, Patrick Ky (Promotion 1989), head of the EASA, Michel Wachenheim (Promotion 1975), French ambassador.Décret du 9 avril 2009 portant nomination d'un ambassadeur, représentant permanent de la France auprès du conseil de l'Organisation de l'aviation civile internationale à Montréal - M. Wachenheim (Michel)Michel WACHENHEIM’s BIOGRAPHY

Some alumni of the university became managers like Yves Lambert (Promotion 1959), former head of Eurocontrol, Gérard Mestrallet (Promotion 1971), CEO of GDF Suez., Jean-Michel Vernhes (Promotion 1971), head of the Toulouse-Blagnac Airport, Jean-Charles Corbet (Promotion 1974), former head of Air Lib,Jean-Charles Corbet, l'ancien patron d'Air Lib à la barre Olivier Colaïtis (Promotion 1977), President of Galileo, Lionel Guérin, founding President of Airlinair,Débarquement surprise du patron d'Air France-KLM  Philippe Crébassa, head of Toulouse-Blagnac airport,Président du Directoire de l’Aéroport de Toulouse-Blagnac  Franck Goldnadel (Promotion 1990), former head of the Paris-Charles de Gaulle Airport, Régis Lacote (Promotion 1997), head of the Orly Airport, Méziane Idjerouidène (Promotion 2003), general manager of Aigle Azur.

Intellectuals graduated from the university include Jacques Villiers (Promotion 1948), founder of the Centre d'études de la navigation aérienne (French air navigation center),Aviation Civile magazine, May 2007, 60 ans de contrôle aérien "en-route", page 19  Jean Peyrelevade (Promotion 1961), politician and business leader,J'ai changé d'avis  Hamza Ben Driss Ottmani (Promotion 1963), Moroccan economist and writer,Hamza Ottmani présente son récit  Alain Lefebvre (Promotion 1970), Journalist,Conférences, colloques, lectures   Solenn Colléter (Promotion 1993), novelist.,J'AI ENDURÉ UN BIZUTAGE INFERNAL. PAR SOLENN COLLÉTER.  Nicolas Tenoux (Promotion 2007), Philanthropist.Nicolas, diplômé d'un Mastère Spécialisé à l'ENAC

In science, personalities like Gabriel Weishaupt (Promotion 1948), founding member of the Académie de l'air et de l'espace, Jean Robieux, Physicist, Georges Maignan (Promotion 1955), former director of the experimental center of Eurocontrol, Gérard Desbois (Promotion 1979), younger flight engineer graduateGérard Desbois and crew member during the first flight of the Airbus A380, have studied at the university.L’équipe des essais en vol de l’A380 récompensée par la grande médaille de l'Aéro-Club de France

 Teachers and former teachers 

Some aerospace personalities teach at the university such as Hervé Hallot, meteorology teacherLA TEMPÊTE COMME CAUSE ÉVENTUELLE DU CRASH DE L'AIRBUS A330 DANS L'ATLANTIQUE and co-author of Météorologie aéronautique, Joel Laitselart (TAE 8750 ans d'ENAC page 314), air operations teacher and former operations manager of Aeris airline,Indiscrétion : Aéris recapitalisée pour de nouveaux projets Patrick Lepourry, head of the engine departmentLe volcan islandais surveillé à Toulouse and co-author of Propulseurs aéronautiques, Instruments de bord and Initiation à l'aéronautique, Félix Mora-Camino, head of the control engineering department and co-author of Avionique - Tome 2, Système de conduite automatique et gestion du vol, Yves Plays (IENAC S71), head of the specialized master in air transport and co-author of Initiation à l'aéronautique.,Initiation à l'aéronautique or Frantz Yvelin, founder of two French airlines.Frantz Yvelin est le nouveau PDG d'Aigle Azur 

 Related pages 
 Service d'exploitation de la formation aéronautique
 Civil Aviation University of China

 References 

 Bibliography 
 Ariane Gilotte, Jean-Philippe Husson and Cyril Lazerge, 50 ans d'Énac au service de l'aviation, Édition S.E.E.P.P, 1999
 Académie nationale de l'air et de l'espace and Lucien Robineau, Les français du ciel, dictionnaire historique, June 2005, 782 p. (), p. 626, « Les écoles d'ingénieurs aéronautiques »
 Sandrine Banessy, Le rêve d'Icare - Histoire de l'aviation à Toulouse, Labége, éditions TME, 2006, 95 p. (), p. 80 et 81 « Du rêve à la réalité »
 [PDF] Agence d'évaluation de la recherche et de l'enseignement supérieur, « Rapport d'évaluation de l'École nationale de l'aviation civile », September 2010
 GIFAS, Ouvrez grand vos ailes : une formation pour un métier dans l'industrie aéronautique et spatiale, Paris, GIFAS, 2011, 62 p., p. 41

  Nicolas Tenoux (MS EAGTA ENAC 2007), 6 mois dans la vie d’un Pilote de ligne: Les secrets du quotidien..., 15 April 2020, Amazon, 51p., (), p. 10
 Nicolas Tenoux (MS EAGTA ENAC 2007), 6 months in the life of an Airline pilot: Daily life secrets …, 5 October 2020, Amazon, 77p., (), p. 10

 Other websites 
 Official website
 Fondation ENAC
 ENAC Alumni
Category:1949 establishments in Europe
Category:1940s establishments in France