Neopterygii

Neopterygii is a group of fish. Neopterygii means "new fins". 

There are only few changes during their evolution from the earlier actinopterygians. They appeared somewhere in the Late Permian, before the time of the dinosaurs. The Neopterygii is a very successful group of fishes, because they can move more rapidly than their ancestors. Their scales and skeletons began to lighten during their evolution, and their jaws became more powerful and efficient.

The following diagram explains their relationship to the teleosts. Almost all modern fish are teleosts.

 Evolution and diversity 

 Classification 

 Order †Pholidopleuriformes
 Order †Redfieldiiformes
 Order †Platysiagiformes
 Order †Polzbergiiformes
 Order †Perleidiformes
 Order †Louwoichthyiformes
 Order †Peltopleuriformes
 Order †Luganoiiformes
 Order †Pycnodontiformes
 Infraclass Holostei
 Clade Halecomorphi
 Order †Parasemionotiformes
 Order †Panxianichthyiformes
 Order †Ionoscopiformes
 Order Amiiformes, the bowfin
 Clade Ginglymodi
 Order †?Dapediiformes
 Order †Semionotiformes
 Order Lepisosteiformes, the gars
 Clade Teleosteomorpha
 Order †Prohaleciteiformes
 Order †Aspidorhynchiformes
 Order †Pachycormiformes
 Infraclass Teleostei
 Order †?Araripichthyiformes
 Order †?Ligulelliiformes
 Order †?Tselfatiiformes
 Order †Pholidophoriformes
 Order †Dorsetichthyiformes
 Order †Leptolepidiformes
 Order †Crossognathiformes
 Order †Ichthyodectiformes
 Superorder Osteoglossomorpha
 Order †Lycopteriformes
 Order Osteoglossiformes, the bony-tongued fishes
 Order Hiodontiformes, including the mooneye and goldeye
 Superorder Elopomorpha
 Order Elopiformes, including the ladyfishes and tarpon
 Order Albuliformes, the bonefishes
 Order Notacanthiformes, including the halosaurs and spiny eels
 Order Anguilliformes, the true eels
 Order Saccopharyngiformes, including the gulper eel
 Superorder Clupeomorpha
 Order †Ellimmichthyiformes
 Order Clupeiformes, including herrings and anchovies
 Superorder Ostariophysi
 Order †Sorbininardiformes
 Order Gonorynchiformes, including the milkfishes
 Order Cypriniformes, including barbs, carp, danios, goldfishes, loaches, minnows, rasboras
 Order Characiformes, including characins, pencilfishes, hatchetfishes, piranhas, tetras.
 Order Gymnotiformes, including electric eels and knifefishes
 Order Siluriformes, the catfishes
 Superorder Lepidogalaxii
 Order Lepidogalaxiiformes, the salamanderfish
 Superorder Protacanthopterygii
 Order Argentiniformes, including the barreleyes and slickheads (formerly in Osmeriformes)
 Order Salmoniformes, including salmon, Arctic char, and trout
 Order Esociformes, the pikes and mudminnows
 Order Galaxiiformes, the galaxiids
 Order Osmeriformes, including the smelts
 Superorder Stenopterygii (may belong in Protacanthopterygii)
 Order Ateleopodiformes, the jellynose fish
 Order Stomiiformes, including the bristlemouths and marine hatchetfishes
 Superorder Cyclosquamata (may belong in Protacanthopterygii)
 Order Aulopiformes, including the Bombay duck, tripod fish, and lancetfishes
 Superorder Scopelomorpha
 Order Myctophiformes, including the lanternfishes
 Superorder Lampridiomorpha
 Order Lampriformes, including the oarfish, opah and ribbonfishes
 Superorder Polymyxiomorpha
 Order †Pattersonichthyiformes
 Order †Ctenothrissiformes
 Order Polymixiiformes, the beardfishes
 Superorder Paracanthopterygii
 Order Percopsiformes, including the cavefishes and trout-perches
 Order †Sphenocephaliformes
 Order Batrachoidiformes, the toadfishes
 Order Lophiiformes, including the anglerfishes
 Order Gadiformes, including cods
 Order Ophidiiformes, including the pearlfishes
 Superorder Acanthopterygii
 Order Mugiliformes, the mullets
 Order Atheriniformes, including silversides and rainbowfishes
 Order Beloniformes, including the flying fishes
 Order Cetomimiformes, the whalefishes
 Order Cyprinodontiformes, including live-bearers, killifishes
 Order Stephanoberyciformes, including the ridgeheads and gibberfishes
 Order Beryciformes, including the fangtooths and pineconefishes
 Order Zeiformes, including the dories
 Order Gobiesociformes, the clingfishes
 Order Gasterosteiformes including sticklebacks
 Order Syngnathiformes, including the seahorses and pipefishes
 Order Synbranchiformes, including the swamp eels
 Order Tetraodontiformes, including the sunfish, filefishes and pufferfish
 Order Pleuronectiformes, the flatfishes
 Order Scorpaeniformes, including scorpionfishes and the sculpins
 Order Perciformes 40% of all fish including anabantids, bass, cichlids, gobies, gouramis, mackerel, perches, scats, whiting, wrasses

 References 

 Gardiner, B. G. (1993). "Osteichtythyes: basal actinopterygians". Fossil Record II.
 Nelson, Joseph, S. (2016). Fishes of the World. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. ISBN 978-1-118-34233-6.

Category:Ray-finned fish