Louis, Grand Dauphin

Louis of France, Dauphin of France (1 November 1661  14 April 1711) was the eldest son and heir of Louis XIV, King of France and his wife, Maria Theresa of Spain. He was called the "Le Grand (the big) Dauphin" after the birth of his son Louis, Dauphin of France (1729-1765) who was called "Le Petit (the little) Dauphin. The Petit Dauphin was in turn the father of King Louis XVI .

The Grand Dauphin married twice. His first wife was Maria Anna Victoria of Bavaria. They married in 1680 and had 3 children together. She died in 1690. His second was Marie Émilie de Joly from their marriage in 1695 until Louis's death in 1711. They had one son, who died in 1697.

Louis the Grand Dauphin never became king as he died before his father did. Therefore, his eldest child, Louis, Duke of Burgundy became the heir apparent. However, the Duke of Burgundy (Petit Dauphin) died a year later, so  his son, Louis XV became the heir.

Issue
 Louis of France, Duke of Burgundy (16 August 1682 - 18 February 1712), Duke of Burgundy and later Dauphin of France; married second cousin Maria Adelaide of Savoy and had the future Louis XV of France;
 Philippe of France (19 December 1683 -  9 July 1746), Duke of Anjou, (later King of Spain); became King of Spain in 1700; married second cousin Maria Luisa of Savoy and had issue; married again Elisabeth Farnese and had issue such as the future Dauphine of France, Infanta Maria Theresa;
 Charles of France (31 July 1686 – 5 May 1714), Duke of Berry, Alençon and of Angoulême Count of Ponthieu; married his first cousin Marie Louise Élisabeth d'Orléans and had issue but none survived over a year;

Thus, through Burgundy and Anjou, Louis ensured the continuation of the senior Bourbon line on the throne of France and the establishment of the cadet Spanish Bourbon dynasty respectively.

References

Further reading
 Lahaye, Matthieu, Louis, Dauphin de France. Fils de roi, père de roi, jamais roi, DEA directed by Joël Cornette, University of Paris VIII, 2005.
 Lahaye, Matthieu, Louis Ier d'Espagne (1661-1700) : essai sur une virtualité politique, Revue historique, Numéro 647, PUF, Paris, Novembre 2008.

Category:1661 births
Category:1711 deaths
Category:House of Bourbon
Category:Heirs apparent who never acceded
Category:Dauphins and Dauphines of France