Laika

Laika (; c. 1954 – November 3, 1957) was a Soviet Union space dog.  She was one of the first animals in space, and the first animal to orbit the Earth. She was possibly a mix of a Siberian Husky or other Nordic breed, and a terrier. NASA refers to Laika as a "part-Samoyed terrier."Sputnik 2 . National Space Science Data Center. Accessed April14, 2015. A dog was sent into space to get information about the behavior of living organisms in a space environment. Information from the flight led to the discovery of solar (from the sun) and cosmic radiation.

Laika had been a stray dog living in the streets of Moscow. She underwent training with two other dogs. She was then chosen as the dog to go up in the Soviet spacecraft Sputnik 2. It was launched into outer space on November 3, 1957.

 Fate of Laika known 
Not much was known about how spaceflight would affect living animals at the time of Laika's mission. There was also no way, at that time, to bring the satellite back down to Earth. So all the scientists knew there would be no way for Laika to survive her trip. It was necessary to send a dog first as a test, because it was not thought that humans could live in outer space.

Before her trip in Sputnik, one of the scientists took Laika home to play with his children. Dr. Vladimir Yazdovsky wrote: "Laika was quiet and charming...I wanted to do something nice for her: She had so little time left to live."

One of the technicians getting the capsule ready before final lift-off said that "after placing Laika in the container and before closing the hatch, we kissed her nose and wished her bon voyage, knowing that she would not survive the flight."

Death in space 
Laika died within hours from overheating.  Her body temperature got way too hot for her to survive. The heat in her spacecraft had quickly risen to 40 degrees Celsius (104 degrees Fahrenheit). The true cause and time of her death were hidden from people until 2002.  Instead, it was reported that she died when her oxygen ran out on day six. Another lie the Soviet government perpetuated, was that she was euthanised (put to sleep) before her oxygen ran out.

In the Soviet Union, during the following years, no one openly questioned the decision to send a dog into space. It was not until 1998, after the collapse of the Soviet Union, that Oleg Gazenko, one of the top-level scientists responsible for sending Laika into space, said he was sorry for allowing her to die:Dick Abadzis, afterword to Laika, First Second, 2007, 

 Return to Earth 
Over five months later, after 2,570 orbits, Sputnik 2 burned up—along with Laika's remains—during re-entry on April 14, 1958.

 Memorials and tribute 
On April 11, 2008, Russian officials opened a monument to Laika. It was built near the military research facility in Moscow which prepared Laika's space flight. It is of a dog standing on top of a rocket."Laika".accuweather.com. Retrieved on 2014 August 2014.

She also appears on the Monument to the Conquerors of Space in Moscow.

Laika & the Cosmonauts, a Finnish surf rock band, were named for Laika. They formed in 1987.

References
Notes

Citations

 Other websites 

Picture of Laika's memorial

Category:Spaceflight
Category:Animal rights
Category:Individual dogs
Category:1950s in the Soviet Union