Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra

The Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra (PSO) is an American orchestra based in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The orchestra's home is Heinz Hall, located in Pittsburgh's Cultural District.

History
The orchestra was started in 1895. Several of the musicians had come from the Boston Symphony Orchestra. The earliest conductors were Archer, Victor Herbert and Emil Paur. Famous guest conductors included Edward Elgar and Richard Strauss. In 1910 the orchestra had to stop playing because they had no money.

In 1926 the orchestra was started again. The musicians were not paid, and they gave money to make it possible for the orchestra to continue. It started to become a good orchestra in 1937 when Otto Klemperer was asked to take the orchestra and reorganize it. Since then the orchestra has developed and become an international orchestra.

Fritz Reiner (1938-48) conducted the orchestra for ten years. It was not easy during the war because the musicians often had to go to fight in the war and others came instead. From 1948 to 1952, several famous conductors led the orchestra, including Leonard Bernstein and Leopold Stokowski.

When William Steinberg took over from 1952 to 1976 he took them on tour to Europe and made many recordings. He was followed by André Previn who helped the orchestra to make a television series Previn and the Pittsburgh. Lorin Maazel, who came from Pittsburgh, conducted them until 1996, taking them on several international tours. Mariss Jansons followed Maazel from 1997-2004. After he left the orchestra had guest conductors but not a musical director (main conductor) for four years. In 2008 the Austrian conductor Manfred Honeck was made music director. Leonard Slatkin is the main guest conductor.

In 2004, the Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra with conductor Gilbert Levine became the first American orchestra to play for the Pope.

Music Directors and other artistic leaders
 1895-1898 Frederic Archer (Lead Conductor)
 1898-1904 Victor Herbert
 1904-1910 Emil Paur
 1930-1937 Antonio Modarelli
 1937 Otto Klemperer (Guest Conductor)
 1938-1948 Fritz Reiner
 1948-1952 Victor de Sabata (Guest Conductor)
 1952-1976 William Steinberg 1976-1984 André Previn
 1984-1996 Lorin Maazel
 1996-2004 Mariss Jansons
 2005-2008 Andrew Davis (Artistic Advisor)
 2008-present Manfred Honeck

References

Other websites
 Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra official website

Category:American orchestras
Category:1895 establishments in the United States
Category:1890s establishments in Pennsylvania