Turkic languages

The Turkic languages are a language family of some thirty languages. They are spoken by Turkic peoples across an area from Eastern Europe and the Mediterranean to Siberia and Western and Northern China. Traditionally, people think that they are part of the Altaic languages.

Turkic languages are spoken by some 150 million people as a native language;Turkic Language family tree entries provide the information on the Turkic-speaking populations and regions. and the total number of Turkic speakers is about 180 million, including speakers as a second language. The Turkic language with the greatest number of speakers is the Turkish, or Anatolian Turkish. Its speakers are about 40% of all Turkic-speakers.

 History 

The geographical distribution of Turkic-speaking peoples across Eurasia spreads from Turkey to Siberia.Turkic Language tree entries provide the information on the Turkic-speaking regions.

Classification
The number of speakers derived from statistics or estimates (2019) and were rounded:https://www.ethnologue.com/https://glottolog.org/

 Number  Branch  Languages  Status  Native Speakers  Main Writing System1 Oghuz languages 8 Normal 108,000,000 Latin2 Karluk languages 4 Normal 69,000,000 Latin3 Kipchak languages 12 Normal 31,300,000 Latin4 Siberian Turkic languages 9 Vulnerable 800,000 Cyrillic5 Oghur languages 1 Vulnerable 1,200,000 Cyrillic6 Arghu Turkic language 1 Vulnerable 20,000 Perso-ArabicTotal Turkic languages 35 Normal 210,000,000 Latin

Languages by native speakers

The Turkic languages are a language family of at least 35 Dybo A.V., Chronology of Türkic languages and linguistic contacts of early Türks, Moscow, 2007, p. 766,  (In Russian) documented languages, spoken by the Turkic peoples. The number of speakers derived from statistics or estimates (2019) and were rounded:

 Number  Name  Branch  Status  Native Speakers  Main Country  Main Writing System1 Turkish language  Oghuz languages Normal 76,000,000   Latin2 Uzbek language  Karluk languages Normal 35,000,000   Latin / Cyrillic3 Azerbaijani language  Oghuz languages Normal 30,000,000   Latin5 Uyghur language  Karluk languages Normal 25,000,000   Perso-Arabic4 Kazakh language  Kipchak languages Normal 19,000,000   Cyrillic / Latin6 Turkmen language  Oghuz languages Normal 7,000,000   Latin7 Tatar language  Kipchak languages Normal  5,500,000   Cyrillic / Latin8 Kyrgyz language  Kipchak languages Normal 5,000,000   Cyrillic9 Bashkir language  Kipchak languages Vulnerable 1,500,000   Cyrillic10 Chuvash language  Oghur languages Vulnerable 1,200,000   Cyrillic11 Qashqai language  Oghuz languages Normal  1,000,000   Perso-Arabic12 Khorasani Turkic language  Oghuz languages Vulnerable 1,000,000   Perso-Arabic13 Karakalpak language  Kipchak languages Normal 650,000   Latin14 Crimean Tatar language  Kipchak languages Severely endangered 600,000   Latin15 Kumyk language  Kipchak languages Vulnerable 450,000   Cyrillic16 Karachay-Balkar language  Kipchak languages Vulnerable 400,000   Cyrillic17 Yakut language  Siberian Turkic languages Vulnerable 400,000   Cyrillic18 Tuvan language  Siberian Turkic languages Vulnerable 300,000   Cyrillic19 Urum language  Oghuz languages Definitely endangered  200,000   Cyrillic20 Gagauz language  Oghuz languages Critically endangered 150,000   Latin  21 Siberian Tatar language  Kipchak languages Definitely endangered 100,000   Cyrillic22 Nogai language  Kipchak languages Definitely endangered 100,000   Cyrillic23 Salar language  Oghuz languages Vulnerable 70,000   Latin24 Altai language  Siberian Turkic languages Severely endangered 60,000   Cyrillic25 Khakas language  Siberian Turkic languages Definitely endangered 50,000   Cyrillic26 Khalaj language  Arghu Turkic language Vulnerable 20,000   Perso-Arabic27 Äynu language  Karluk languages Critically endangered 6,000   Perso-Arabic28 Western Yugur language  Siberian Turkic languages Severely endangered 5,000   Latin29 Shor language  Siberian Turkic languages Severely endangered 3,000   Cyrillic30 Dolgan language  Siberian Turkic languages Definitely endangered 1,000   Cyrillic31 Krymchak language  Kipchak languages Critically endangered 200   Hebrew32 Ili Turki language  Karluk languages Severely endangered 100   Cyrillic33 Tofa language  Siberian Turkic languages Critically endangered 100   Cyrillic34 Karaim language  Kipchak languages Critically endangered 100   Cyrillic35 Chulym language  Siberian Turkic languages Critically endangered 50   CyrillicTotal Turkic languages  Common Turkic languages Normal 179,000,000   Latin
Further reading
 Johanson, Lars. 1998. "The history of Turkic." In: Johanson & Csató, pp. 81–125.
 Johanson, Lars. 1998. "Turkic languages." In: Encyclopaedia Britannica. CD 98. Encyclopædia Britannica Online, 5 sept. 2007.
 Menges, K. H. 1968. The Turkic languages and peoples: An introduction to Turkic studies. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.
Other websites
Turkic Languages: Resources - University of Michigan
Map of Turkic languages
Classification of Turkic Languages 
Online Uyghur-English Dictionary

Category:Asia
Category:Turkey
Category:Europe

Category:Language families of Pakistan
References