Supercomputer

A supercomputer is a computer with great speed and memory. This kind of computer can do jobs faster than any other computer of its generation. They are usually thousands of times faster than ordinary personal computers made at that time. Supercomputers can do arithmetic jobs very fast, so they are used for weather forecasting, code-breaking, genetic analysis and other jobs that need many calculations. When new computers of all classes become more powerful, new ordinary computers are made with powers that only supercomputers had in the past, while new supercomputers continue to outclass them. 

Electrical engineers make supercomputers that link many thousands of microprocessors.

Jupiter (supercomputer) is the fastest supercomputer in Europe, according to media (2025's third quarter).https://www.euronews.com/next/2025/09/04/what-is-exascale-computing-the-fastest-supercomputer-coming-to-europe-that-will-unlock-ai. Retrieved 2025-12-16

 Types 
Supercomputer types include: shared memory, distributed memory and array. Supercomputers with shared memory are developed by using a parallel computing and pipelining concept. Supercomputers with distributed memory consist of many (about 100~10000) nodes. CRAY series of CRAYRESERCH and VP 2400/40, NEC의 SX-3 of HUCIS are shared memory types. nCube 3, iPSC/860, AP 1000, NCR 3700, Paragon XP/S, CM-5 are distributed memory types.

An array type computer named ILIAC started working in 1972. Later, the CF-11, CM-2, and the Mas Par MP-2 (which is also an array type) were developed. Supercomputers that use a physically separated memory as one shared memory include the T3D, KSR1, and Tera Computer.

 Supercomputing centers, organizations 
Organizations
 CINECA; Its "... infrastructure [... is made] of several supercomputers, [... including] Leonardo (picture), ... Pitagora, Galileo100, and ADA Cloud", according to media; CINECA Interuniversity Consortium, Italyhttps://www.cineca.it/en/infrastructure/infrastructure-configuration. Retrieved 2025-12-17

 Specific machines, general-purpose 
 Linux NetworX press release: Linux NetworX to build "largest" Linux supercomputer
 ASCI White press release 
 MCR @ LLNL Linux NetworX Supermicro based Supercomputer "3rd largest supercomputer in 2004" 
 Article about Japanese "Earth Simulator" computer 
 "Earth Simulator" website (in English) 
 NEC high-performance computing information 
 Superconducting Supercomputer 
 Blue Waters Petascale Computing System 

 Specific machines, special-purpose 
 Papers on the GRAPE special-purpose computer 
 More special-purpose supercomputer information 
 Information about the APEmille special-purpose computer
 Information about the apeNEXT special-purpose computer
 Information about the QCDOC project, machines 

Related pages
 Cluster (computing)
 Grid computing

 References 

Category:Computers