Yonne

Yonne is a department in the centre of France, in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region. The largest city in the department, and its prefecture (capital), is Auxerre.

The department is named after the Yonne river, a tributary of the Seine, that flows through the department. The Celts name of the river was Ica-onna () and from this name come the name of the river and of the people living in the department: Icaunais.

History
During Roman times, the main city in the territory of the present department was Sens, the capital of one Roman province.

Yonne is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on 4 March 1790 with Auxerre as its capital. It was formed from combined parts of the old provinces of Burgundy, Champagne and Île-de-France.

It was divided in seven districts: Auxerre, Sens, Joigny, Saint-Fargeau, Avallon, Tonnerre and Saint-Florentin.

In 1800, with the creation of the arrondissements in France, the seven districts were changed into five arrondissements: Auxerre, Avallon, Joigny, Sens and Tonnerre. On 10 September 1926, the arrondissements of Joigny and Tonnerre were eliminated.

Geography
Yonne is part of the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region. It has an area of . The highest point of the department is Bois de la Pérouse (),  high.

The department borders with five departments in four regions:
 Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region
 Côte-d'Or (east)
 Nièvre (south)
 Grand Est region
 Aube (northeast)
 Centre-Val de Loire region
 Loiret (west)
 Île-de-France region
 Seine-et-Marne (northwest)

The northern part of the department is formed by plains that are part of the great plain of Paris. The mountains of the Morvan and the hills of the Auxerrois (the region around the city of Auxerre) are in the southern half of the department.

The main river in the department is the Yonne, a tributary of the Seine river that flows through the department from south to north. Other rivers that flow through the department are the Armançon, Loing, Ouanne and Serein rivers.

Climate
The Köppen climate classification type for the climate at Auxerre is an "Oceanic climate" (also known as Maritime Temperate climate) and of the subtype "Cfb".

The average temperature for the year in Auxerre is . The warmest month, on average, is July with an average temperature of . The coolest month, on average is January, with an average temperature of .

The average amount of precipitation for the year in Auxerre is . The month with the most precipitation on average is December with  of precipitation. The month with the least precipitation on average is April with an average of .

Administration
Yonne is managed by the Departmental Council of Yonne in Auxerre. The department is part of the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region.

Administrative divisions
There are 3 arrondissements (districts), 21 cantons and 428 communes (municipalities) in Yonne.

 INSEEcode  Arrondissement  Capital  Population(2014)  Area(km²)  Density(Inh./km²)  Communes 891  Auxerre  Auxerre 179,922 3,514.6    171 892  Avallon  Avallon  47,594  2,209.2    139 893  Sens  Sens  114,298  1,703.6    118

The following is a list of the 21 cantons of the Yonne department (with their INSEE codes), following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015:

 Auxerre-1 (8901)
 Auxerre-2 (8902)
 Auxerre-3 (8903)
 Auxerre-4 (8904)
 Avallon (8905)
 Brienon-sur-Armançon (8906)
 Chablis (8907)
 Charny (8908)
 Cœur de Puisaye (8909)
 Gâtinais en Bourgogne (8910)
 Joigny (8911)
 Joux-la-Ville (8912)
 Migennes (8913)
 Pont-sur-Yonne (8914)
 Saint-Florentin (8915)
 Sens-1 (8916)
 Sens-2 (8917)
 Thorigny-sur-Oreuse (8918)
 Tonnerrois (8919)
 Villeneuve-sur-Yonne (8920)
 Vincelles (8921)

Demographics
The inhabitants of Yonne are known, in French, as Icaunais (women: Icaunaises).

Yonne had a population, in 2014, of 341,814, for a population density of  inhabitants/km2. The arrondissement of Auxerre, with 179,922 inhabitants, is the arrondissement with more inhabitants.

Evolution of the population in Yonne

The cities with more than 5,000 inhabitants in the department are:

 City  Population(2014) Arrondissement Auxerre  34,843  Auxerre Sens  25,507  Sens Joigny  9,672  Auxerre Avallon  7,025  Avallon Migennes  7,019  Auxerre Villeneuve-sur-Yonne  5,352  Sens Charny Orée de Puisaye  5,145  Auxerre

Gallery

Related pages
 Arrondissements of the Yonne department
 Communes of the Yonne department

References

Other websites

 General Council website 
 Prefecture website  
 Wild flowers of Yonne