Mi'kmaq

The Mi'kmaq (; (also spelled Míkmaq, Mi'gmaq, Mi'qmac, or formerly Micmac) are a First Nations or Native American in the United States people, indigenous to northeastern New England, Canada's Atlantic Provinces, and the Gaspé Peninsula of Quebec. They are part of the Northeastern Woodlands. The word Míkmaw is an adjectival form of the plural noun for the people, Míkmaq.

The nation has a population of about 40,000 of whom approximately one-third still speak the Algonquian language L'nuí'simk which was once written in Míkmaq hieroglyphic writing and is now written using most letters of the standard Latin alphabet.

In the Canadian provinces of Nova Scotia and Newfoundland and Labrador, October is celebrated as Mi'kmaq History Month and the entire Nation celebrates Treaty Day annually on October 1.

 Mi'kmaq First Nation subdivisions 

Mi'kmaq names in the table have all been spelled according to a several orthographies. The Mi'kmaq orthographies in use are Mí'kmaq hieroglyphs, the orthography of Silas Tertius Rand, the Pacifique orthography, and the most recent Smith-Francis orthography, which has been adopted by most of the Mi'kmaq First Nation.

 Community  Province/State  Town/Reserve  Est. Pop.  Míkmaq name Abegweit First Nation  PE Scotchfort, Rocky Point, Morell 396  EpekwitkAcadia  NS  Yarmouth  996  MalikiaqAnnapolis Valley  NS Cambridge Station  219  Kampalijek Aroostook Band of Micmac  ME  Presque Isle  920  Ulustuk Bear River First Nation  NS  Bear River  272  L’setkuk Buctouche First Nation  NB Buctouche  80  Puktusk Burnt Church First Nation  NB  Burnt Church 14  1,488  Eskinuopitijk Chapel Island First Nation  NS Chapel Island  576  Potlotek Eel Ground First Nation  NB Eel Ground  844  Natuaqanek Eel River Bar First Nation  NB Eel River Bar  589  Oqpíkanjik Elsipogtog First Nation  NB  Big Cove  3000+  Lsipuktuk Eskasoni First Nation  NS  Eskasoni  3,800+  We'kistoqnik Fort Folly First Nation  NB  Dorchester  105  Amlamkuk Kwesawék Micmacs of Gesgapegiag  QC Maria  1,174  Keskapekiaq Nation Micmac de Gespeg  QC Fontenelle  490  Kespék Glooscap First Nation  NS  Hantsport  ?  Pesikitk Indian Island First Nation  NB Indian Island  145  L’nui Menikuk Lennox Island First Nation  PE Lennox Island  700  L’nui Mnikuk Listuguj Mi'gmaq First Nation  QC  Listuguj Mi'gmaq First Nation  3,166  Listikujk Membertou First Nation  NS  Sydney  1,051  Maupeltuk Metepenagiag Míkmaq Nation  NB Red Bank  527  Metepnákiaq Miawpukek First Nation  NL Conne River   2,366  Miawpukwek Millbrook First Nation  NS  Truro  1400  Wékopekwitk Pabineau First Nation  NB Pabineau  214  Kékwapskuk Paq’tnkek First Nation  NS Afton  1  Paqtnkek Pictou Landing First Nation  NS  Trenton  547  Puksaqtéknékatik Indian Brook First Nation  NS  Indian Brook (Shubenacadie)  2,120  Sipekníkatik Wagmatcook First Nation  NS Wagmatcook  623  Waqmitkuk Waycobah First Nation  NS  Whycocomagh  900  Wékoqmáq

 Demographics 
 Year  Population  Verification1500      4,500  Estimation1600      3,000  Estimation1700      2,000  Estimation1750      3,000  Estimation1800      3,100  Estimation1900      4,000  Census1940       5,000  Census1960       6,000  Census1972       9,800  Census2000     20,000  Estimation

 References 

 Rita Joe, Lesley Choyce. 2005. The Mi'kmaq Anthology, Nimbus Publishing (CN), 2005, ISBN

 Documentary film 
 Our Lives in Our Hands (Mi'kmaq basketmakers and potato diggers in northern Maine, 1986)  

 Other websites 

 First Nations Profiles 
 Micmac History
 Mi'kmaq Portraits Collection 
 Mi'kmaq Dictionary Online
 The Micmac of Megumaagee
 Mi'kmaq Learning Resource

Category:Native Americans
Category:First Nations