List of historical plagues

This list contains famous or well documented outbreaks of plagues or disease. They are examined in individual entries.

Before 1000 A.D.

 Great Plague of Athens (430–427 BC) 
 May have been caused by: Bubonic plague, smallpox, measles, typhus, anthrax, or typhoidPapagrigorakis, Manolis J.; Yapijakis, Christos; Synodinos, Philippos N.; Baziotopoulou-Valavani, Effie (2006). DNA examination of ancient dental pulp incriminates typhoid fever as a probable cause of the Plague of Athens. International Journal of Infectious Diseases 10 (3): 206–214. doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2005.09.001. PMID 16412683.Langmuir, Alexander D.; Worthen, Thomas D.; Solomon, Jon; | display-authors = etal (1985). The Thucydides Syndrome  A New Hypothesis for the Cause of the Plague of Athens. New England Journal of Medicine 313 (16):1027-1030. .
 Antonine Plague (165–180)
 Cause: Probably smallpoxStathakopoulos, Dionysios Ch. (2007). Famine and Pestilence in the Late Roman and Early Byzantine Empire: A Systematic Survey of Subsistence Crises and Epidemics. Ashgate Publishers Ltd. p. 95. .
 Plague of Cyprian (250)
 Cause: Probably smallpox
 Plague of Justinian (541–542)
 Cause: Bubonic plagueWichmann I; Grupe G. (2005). "Detection of Yersinia pestis DNA in two early medieval skeletal finds from Aschheim (Upper Bavaria, 6th century A.D.)." American Journal of Physical Anthropology 126 (1): 48–55. PMID 15386257.
 Plague of Emmaus (18 A.H./639 A.D.)
 Cause: Unknown (possibly bubonic plague)Dols, Michael W. (1974). "Plague in Early Islamic History". Journal of the American Oriental Society 94 (3): 371–383. .
 Plague of Constantinople (747–748)
 Cause: Bubonic plague

The "Black Death" of 13471353
 Great Plague of England (1348–1350)
 May have been caused by: Viral hemorrhagic plague or bubonic plague
 Great Plague of Ireland (1348–1351) 
 May have been caused by: Viral hemorrhagic plague or bubonic plague
 Great Plague of Scotland (1348–1350)
 May have been caused by: Viral hemorrhagic plague or bubonic plague
 Great Plague of Russia (1349–1353)
 May have been caused by: Viral hemorrhagic plague or bubonic plague
 Great Plague of Asia and Middle East

The 1400s and 1500s
 Great Plague of Iceland (1402–1404) 
 Caused by: Viral hemorrhagic plague (not bubonic plague, as there were no rats in Iceland)
 Plague of 1575, Italy, Sicily, and parts of Northern Europe (1571–1576)
 May have been caused by: Viral hemorrhagic plague or bubonic plague
 London Plague (1592–1594)
 May have been caused by: Viral hemorrhagic plague or bubonic plague

The 1600s
 Italian Plague of 1629-1631 or Great Plague of Milan (1629–1631) 
 May have been caused by: Viral hemorrhagic plague or bubonic plague
 Great Plague of Seville (1649) 
 May have been caused by: Viral hemorrhagic plague or bubonic plague
 Great Plague of London (1664–1665) 
 May have been caused by: Viral hemorrhagic plague or bubonic plague
 Great Plague of Vienna (1679–1680s) 
 May have been caused by: Viral hemorrhagic plague or bubonic plague

1700 and after
 Great Plague of Marseille (1720–1722)
 May have been caused by: Bubonic plague
 Plague Riot in Moscow (1771)
 May have been caused by: Bubonic plague
 The Third Pandemic (started in China; 1855–1950s)
 Caused by: Bubonic plague

Related pages
 Bubonic plague
 Epidemic
 List of epidemics
 Pandemic
 Influenza pandemic of 1918 (Spanish flu)

References

Category:Infectious diseases
Historical plagues