East Berlin

East Berlin was the name of the eastern part of Berlin between 1949 and 1990. It was known as just simply Berlin in East Germany, the country it served as the capital of. It was the Soviet sector of Berlin that was established in 1945. The American, British and French sectors became West Berlin, a de facto part of West Germany. Although it was always legally a part of an occupied city, East Berlin was claimed as the capital of East Germany. From 13 August 1961 until 9   November 1989 it was separated from West Berlin by the Berlin Wall. The East German government referred to East Berlin simply as "Berlin" or often ""Berlin, Hauptstadt der DDR" (Berlin, capital of the GDR). The term "Democratic Sector" was also used until the 1960s.

The Western Allies (the USA, Great Britain and France) only recognized the power of the Soviet Union in East Berlin in accordance with the occupation status of Berlin as a whole. The three Western commandants regularly protested about the presence of the East German National People's Army (NPA) in East Berlin.

Nevertheless, the three Western Allies eventually established embassies in East Berlin in the 1970s, although they never recognized it as East Germany's capital. Treaties instead used terms such as "seat of government." In the 1960s the Western Allies sometimes said the capital of East Germany was Pankow. Pankow is the borough where the main East German government buildings were built.

On 3 October 1990, West Germany and East Germany were united, and East Berlin ceased to exist.

 East Berlin today 

In many East German cities streets were named after socialist heroes. Many were changed after reunification, but some, such as Karl-Marx-Allee, Rosa-Luxemburg-Platz and Karl-Liebknecht-Straße have been kept.

One way anyone could tell if they were in the old East Berlin or in West Berlin was by looking at the traffic lights. East Berlin used special designs on their pedestrian traffic lights, called "Ampelmännchen". The Berlin government wanted to abolish the East German signals, but lots of people objected, and now Ampelmännchen are being seen in West Berlin too.

 Commandants of Berlin Soviet Zone 

 Name TermstartTermend Nikolay Berzarin  2 May 194516 June 1945 Aleksandr Gorbetov 17 June 194519 November 1945 Dimitry Smirnov  19 November 19451 April 1946 Aleksandr Kotikov  1 April 19467 June 1950 Sergey Dienghin  7 June 1950April 1953 Pavel Dibrova  April 195323 June 1956 Andrey Chamov  28 June 195626 February 1958 Matvey Zakharov  26 February  19589 May 1961 Andrey Soloviev  9 May 196122 August 1962 Helmut Poppe 22 August 196231 May 1971 Artur Kunath 1 June 197131 August 1978 Karl-Heinz Drews 1 September 197831 December 1988 Wolfgang Dombrowski  1 January 198930 September 1990 Detlef Wendorf  1 October 19902 October 1990

 Boroughs of East Berlin 

At the time of German reunification, East Berlin comprised the boroughs of
 Friedrichshain
 Hellersdorf (since 1986)
 Hohenschönhausen (since 1985)
 Köpenick
 Lichtenberg
 Marzahn (since 1979)
 Mitte
 Pankow
 Prenzlauer Berg
 Treptow
 Weißensee

Related pages
 Berlin Wall
 Cold War
 Checkpoint Charlie
 Germany
 West Berlin

 References 

 Other websites 
 Berlin Photos 1989-1999 
 East Berlin Past and Present 
 Old East Berlin Fades Away Amid Renovations
 The Lives of Others official website

Category:Former polities of the Cold War
Category:East Germany
Category:20th century in Berlin
Category:1940s in Berlin
Category:Berlin Wall