1543

Events 
February 21 – Battle of Wayna Daga – A combined army of Ethiopian and Portuguese troops defeat the armies of Adal led by Ahmed Gragn.
May – Nicolaus Copernicus publishes De Revolutionibus Orbium Coelestium
July 12 – King Henry VIII of England marries Catherine Parr. It is the sixth of Henry's marriages and the third of Catherine's. Princess Elizabeth attends the wedding
 August 5 – Turkish and French troops under Khair ed-Din Barbarossa occupy Nice
September-October – Landrecies in Picardy is besieged by forces under Emperor Charles V, but withdraw on the approach of the French army.

Japanese receive first firearms from shipwrecked Portuguese
Native Americans in Spanish colonies are announced free against the wish of local settlers
Martin Luther publishes On the Jews and Their Lies.
 Births 
 January 18 – (baptized) – Alfonso Ferrabosco, Italian composer
 January 31 – Tokugawa Ieyasu, Japanese shogun
 February 15 – Charles III, Duke of Lorraine
 February 16 – Kano Eitoku, Japanese painter
 April 1 – François de Bonne, duc de Lesdiguières, Constable of France
 September 14 – Claudio Aquaviva, Italian Jesuit

 Deaths 
January 2 – Francesco Canova da Milano, Italian composer
January 3 – Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo, Portuguese explorer
January 9 – Guillaume du Bellay, French diplomat and general
February 21 – Ahmad ibn Ibrihim al-Ghazi, Imam of Adal (killed in battle)
May 24 – Nicolaus Copernicus, mathematician and astronomer
July 19 – Lady Mary Boleyn, mistress of Kings Francis I of France and Henry VIII of England
September 20 – Thomas Manners, 1st Earl of Rutland
November 29 – Hans Holbein the Younger, German artist, active in England