1691

Events 
 March 5 – French troops under Marshal Louis-Francois de Boufflers besiege the Spanish-held town of Mons
 March 20 – Leisler's Rebellion – New governor arrives in New York – Jacob Leisler surrenders after standoff of several hours
 March 29 – Siege of Mons ends to the city’s surrender
 May 6 – Spanish inquisition condemns and forcibly baptizes 219 Jews in Palma Majorca. When 37 try to escape the island, they are burned alive at the stake
 May 16 – Jacob Leisler is hanged for treason
 October 3 – Treaty of Limerick which guaranteed civil rights to Catholics was signed. (it was broken "before the ink was dry")
 Change of emperor of the Ottoman Empire from Suleiman II (1687-1691) to Ahmed II (1691-1695).
 Michel Rolle invents Rolle's theorem, an essential theorem of mathematics.
 In New England the two separate Colonies of Massachusetts Bay Colony and Plymouth Colony are united into a single entity by an act of the King and Queen of England.

 Births 
 February 27 - Edward Cave, English publisher

Deaths
 January 13 - George Fox, one of the founders of the Quakers
 December 31 - Robert Boyle, Irish scientist