1913

1913 (MCMXIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday in the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Tuesday in the Julian calendar.

 Events 
 First and Second Balkan Wars
 Mexican Revolution
 March 4 - Woodrow Wilson becomes the 28th President of the United States, succeeding William Howard Taft.
 March 12 - Building work begins on the new capital city of Canberra in Australia.
 May 29 - Rite of Spring performance in Paris.
 July 10 - A temperature of  is recorded in Death Valley, California.
 October 14 - The Senghenydd colliery disaster in Wales kills 439 people, in the United Kingdom's deadliest mining tragedy.
 November 7 to November 11 - The Great Lakes Storm of 1913 kills over 250 people.Additional victims of storm include the three victims from the freighter William Nottingham, who volunteered to leave the ship on a lifeboat in search of assistance. While the boat was being lowered into the water, a breaking wave smashed it into the side of the ship. The men disappeared into the near-freezing waters below.  Nineteen ships are lost.
 December 12 - The Mona Lisa is recovered in Florence.
 George Herriman's comic strip Krazy Kat is launched in American newspapers

 Births 

 January 
 January 9 – Richard Nixon, 37th President of the United States (d. 1994)
 January 10 – Gustáv Husák, First Secretary of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia (d. 1991)

 February 
 February 4 – Rosa Parks, American civil rights activist (d. 2005)

 March 
 March 18 - René Clément, French movie director (d. 1996)
 March 26 – Paul Erdős, Hungarian mathematician (d. 1996)

 April 

 May 
 May 19 – Neelam Sanjiva Reddy, President of India (d. 1996)

 June 

 July 
 July 14 – Gerald Ford, 38th President of the United States (d. 2006)

 August 
 August 26 – Boris Pahor, Slovenian-Italian writer and Holocaust survivor (d. 2022)

 September 
 September 23 – Carl-Henning Pedersen, Danish artist (d. 2007)

 October 

 November 
 November 7 – Albert Camus, French writer (d. 1960)

 December 

 Deaths 
 March 10 – Harriet Tubman, American anti-slavery activist (b. 1820)
 March 31 – J.P. Morgan, American businessperson (banking) (b. 1837)
 April 15 – Gabdulla Tukay, Tatar poet (b. 1886)
 September 30 – Rudolf Diesel, German engineer, invented the Diesel engine (b. 1858)

 Nobel Prizes 
 Physiology or Medicine - Charles Robert Richet (French physiologist)
 Physics - Heike Kamerlingh Onnes (Netherlands)
 Chemistry - Alfred Werner (Switzerland)
 Literature - Rabindranath Tagore (India, then-British India)
 Peace - Henri La Fontaine (Belgium)

References