19th century

The 19th century lasted from 1801 to 1900. Some people call this the Victorian era because Queen Victoria ruled the United Kingdom.
The Second Industrial Revolution started in most western countries during this century.

Religion
 1830: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints is established on 6 April.
 1844: Persian Prophet the Báb founds Bábism. On 23 May he announced a revelation: the coming of "He whom God shall make manifest". He is considered the forerunner of Bahá'u'lláh, the founder of the Bahá'í Faith.
 1848: The Christadelphians founded by John Thomas (Christadelphian).
 1871–1878: In Germany, Otto von Bismarck challenged the Catholic Church in the Kulturkampf ("Culture War")
 1879: Mary Baker Eddy founds the Church of Christ, Scientist.
 1879: First issue of "The Watchtower", the religious magazine of the Jehovah's Witnesses
 1889: Mirza Ghulam Ahmad establishes the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community, a reform sect of Islam.
 1891: Pope Leo XIII launches the encyclical Rerum novarum, the first major Catholic document on social justice

Culture
 1808: Beethoven composes Fifth Symphony.
 1812: Brothers Grimm fairy tale edition publishes Snow White.
 1812: Charles Perrault and Brothers Grimm - two princesses, Snow White and Cinderella, meet for the first time.
 1813: Jane Austen publishes Pride and Prejudice.
 1818: Mary Shelley publishes Frankenstein.
 1819: John Keats writes his odes of 1819.
 1819: Théodore Géricault paints his masterpiece The Raft of the Medusa, and exhibits it in the French Salon of 1819 at the Louvre.
 1824: Premiere of Beethoven's Ninth Symphony.
 1829: Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's Faust premieres.
 1837: Charles Dickens publishes Oliver Twist.
 1841: Ralph Waldo Emerson publishes Self-Reliance.
 1845: Frederick Douglass publishes Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave.
 1847: The Brontë sisters publish Jane Eyre, Wuthering Heights and Agnes Grey.
 1849: Josiah Henson publishes The Life of Josiah Henson, Formerly a Slave, Now an Inhabitant of Canada, as Narrated by Himself.
 1851: Herman Melville publishes Moby-Dick.
 1851: Sojourner Truth delivers the speech Ain't I a Woman?.
 1852: Harriet Beecher Stowe publishes Uncle Tom's Cabin.
 1855: Walt Whitman publishes the first edition of Leaves of Grass.
 1855: Frederick Douglass publishes the first edition of My Bondage and My Freedom.
 1862: Victor Hugo publishes Les Misérables.
 1865: Lewis Carroll publishes Alice's Adventures in Wonderland.
 1869: Leo Tolstoy publishes War and Peace.
 1875: Georges Bizet's opera Carmen premiers in Paris.
 1876: Richard Wagner's Ring Cycle is first performed in its entirety.
 1883: Robert Louis Stevenson's Treasure Island is published.
 1884: Mark Twain publishes the Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.
 1886: "Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde" by Robert Louis Stevenson is published.
 1887: Sir Arthur Conan Doyle publishes his first Sherlock Holmes story, A Study in Scarlet.
 1889: Vincent van Gogh paints The Starry Night.
 1889: Moulin Rouge opens in Paris.
 1892: Tchaikovsky's Nutcracker Suite premières in St Petersberg.
 1894: Rudyard Kipling's The Jungle Book is published.
 1895: Trial of Oscar Wilde and premiere of his play The Importance of Being Earnest.
 1896: George Burns is born
 1897: Bram Stoker writes Dracula.
 1900: L. Frank Baum publishes The Wonderful Wizard of Oz.

Music
Sonata form matured during the Classical era to become the primary form of instrumental compositions throughout the 19th century. Much of the music from the 19th century is in the Romantic style. 

Many great composers lived through this era, including Ludwig van Beethoven, Franz Liszt, Frédéric Chopin, Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky and Richard Wagner. The list also includes:

 Mily Balakirev
 Hector Berlioz
 Georges Bizet
 Alexander Borodin
 Johannes Brahms
 Anton Bruckner
 Claude Debussy
 Antonín Dvořák
 Mikhail Glinka
 Edvard Grieg
 Scott Joplin
 Alexandre Levy
 Gustav Mahler
 Felix Mendelssohn
 Modest Mussorgsky
 Jacques Offenbach
 Niccolò Paganini
 Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov
 Gioachino Rossini
 Anton Rubinstein
 Camille Saint-Saëns
 Antonio Salieri
 Franz Schubert
 Robert Schumann
 Alexander Scriabin
 Arthur Sullivan
 Giuseppe Verdi

Decades and years
Note: years before or after the 19th century are in italics
1790s1790179117921793179417951796179717981799 1800s 1800 1801 1802 1803 1804 1805 1806 1807 1808 1809 1810s 1810 1811 1812 1813 1814 1815 1816 1817 1818 1819 1820s 1820 1821 1822 1823 1824 1825 1826 1827 1828 1829 1830s 1830 1831 1832 1833 1834 1835 1836 1837 1838 1839 1840s 1840 1841 1842 1843 1844 1845 1846 1847 1848 1849 1850s 1850 1851 1852 1853 1854 1855 1856 1857 1858 1859 1860s 1860 1861 1862 1863 1864 1865 1866 1867 1868 1869 1870s 1870 1871 1872 1873 1874 1875 1876 1877 1878 1879 1880s 1880 1881 1882 1883 1884 1885 1886 1887 1888 1889 1890s 1890 1891 1892 1893 1894 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899 1900s 1900 1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 1906 1907 1908 1909

Significant People

 Bela Bartok
 Clara Barton
 Otto von Bismarck
 Ludwig van Beethoven
 Alexander Graham Bell
 Alban Berg
 Simón Bolívar
 John Wilkes Booth
 Johannes Brahms
 Luigi Cherubini
 Frederic Chopin
 Empress Dowager Cixi
 Muzio Clementi
 Leon Czolgosz
 Claude Debussy
 Frederick Douglass
 Antonín Dvořák
 Thomas Edison
 Albert Einstein
 Friedrich Engels
 Robert Ford
 Charles J. Guiteau
 Jesse James
 Abraham Lincoln
 Franz Liszt
 David Livingstone
 Karl Marx
 Henry McCarty (Billy the Kid)
 Felix Mendelssohn
 John Stuart Mill
 Napoleon I
 Swami vivekananda
 Franz Schubert
 Robert Schumann
 Johann Strauss II
 Richard Strauss
 Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky
 Harriet Tubman
 Giuseppe Verdi
 Richard Wagner