1816

Events 
Known as the "Year Without A Summer" in the northern hemisphere because of global cooling caused by the Mount Tambora volcanic eruption that happened in 1815.
February 12 – Fire almost destroyed the city of St. John's, Newfoundland.
March 23 – Law frees serfs in Estonia
March 25 – Friedrich Karl Ludwig, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck dies
May 2 – Leopold of Saxe-Coburg (later known as King of the Belgians) marries Charlotte Augusta, but she dies the next year.
June 19 – Battle of Seven Oaks between Hudson Bay and Northwest fur-trading companies, near Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
July 9 – Argentina becomes free from Spain
July 17 – The French passenger ship Medusa runs aground off the coast of Senegal, with 140 lives lost.
August 24 – The Treaty of St. Louis is signed in St. Louis, Missouri.
December 11 – Indiana is admitted as the 19th U.S. state.

 Births 
March 14 – William Marsh Rice, American university founder
April 21 – Charlotte Brontë, British novelist
April 22 – Charles Denis Bourbaki, French general
April 25 – Eliza Daniel Stewart, American temperance movement leader
May 24 – Emanuel Leutze, American painter
June 19 – William Henry Webb, American industrialist and philanthropist
July 4 – Arthur de Gobineau, French diplomat and writer
July 23 – Charlotte Cushman, American stage actress
July 31 – George Henry Thomas, American general
August 4 – William Julian Albert, U.S. Congressman
August 16 – Charles John Vaughan, English scholar
November 17 – August Wilhelm Ambros, Austrian composer
December 13 – Werner von Siemens, German inventor and industrialist

 Deaths 
January 27 – Samuel Hood, 1st Viscount Hood, British admiral
February 6 – Maria Ludwika Rzewuska, Polish szlachcianka
February 22 – Adam Ferguson, Scottish philosopher and historian
March 20 – Queen Maria I of Portugal
June 5 – Giovanni Paisiello, Italian composer
June 12 – Pierre Augereau, Marshal of France and duc de Castiglione
July 5 – Dorothy Jordan, Irish actress, mistress of King William IV of the United Kingdom
July 7 – Richard Brinsley Sheridan, Irish playwright
November 8 – Gouverneur Morris, American statesman
December 15 – Charles Stanhope, 3rd Earl Stanhope, English statesman and scientist