රංජි කුසලානය

රංජි කුසලානය is a domestic first-class cricket championship played in India between teams representing regional cricket associations. The competition currently consists of 28 teams, with 21 of the 29 states in India and Delhi having at least one representation. The competition is named after first Indian cricketer who played international cricket, Ranjitsinhji.

ඉතිහාසය

The competition was launched in  following a meeting of the in July 1934, with the first fixtures taking place in 1934–35. The trophy was donated by Ranjiy . The first match of the competition was held on 4 November 1934 between madras and mysore at . Madras v Mysore M. J. Gopalan of Madras bowled the first ball to. The first Ranji Trophy Championship was won by  after they defeated in the final. Mumbai  have won the tournament the most number of times with 69 wins including 15 back-to-back wins from 1958–59 to 1972–73.

සහභාගීවන්නන්

State teams and cricket associations and clubs with first-class status are qualified to play in the Ranji Trophy. While most associations are regional, like the Tamil Nadu Cricket Association and Mumbai Cricket Association, two, Railways and Services, are pan-Indian

කණ්ඩායම්

The following 28 teams currently participate in the Ranji Trophy:

 Andhra
 Assam
 Baroda
 Bengal 
 Chhattisgarh
 Delhi
 Goa
 Gujarat
 Haryana
 Himachal Pradesh
 Hyderabad
 Jammu and Kashmir
 Jharkhand
 Karnataka (Mysore)
 Kerala (Travancore-Cochin)
 Madhya Pradesh (Madhya Bharat / Holkar / Central India)
 Maharashtra
 Mumbai (Bombay)
 Odisha
 Punjab
 Railways
 Rajasthan (Rajputana)
 Saurashtra (Nawanagar)
 Services (Army)
 Tamil Nadu (Madras)
 Tripura
 Uttar Pradesh (United Provinces)
 Vidarbha

Chhattisgarh played in the tournament for the first time in 2016–17.

Defunct teams
The following teams have appeared in the Ranji Trophy, but no longer do so:
Central Provinces and Berar (1934/35 – 1949/50)
Northern India (1934/35 – 1946/47)
Sind (1934/35 – 1947/48)
Southern Punjab (1934/35 – 1951/52, 1959/60 – 1967/68)
Western India (1934/35 – 1945/46)
Bihar (1936–37 – 2003–04)
North West Frontier Province (1937/38 – 1946/47)
Holkar (1941/42 – 1954/55)
Gwalior (1943/44)
Kathiawar (1946/47 – 1949/50)
Patiala/Patiala and Eastern Punjab States Union (1948/49, 1953/54 – 1958/59)
Eastern Punjab (1950/51 – 1959/60)
Travancore-Cochin (1951/52 – 1956/57)
Madhya Bharat (1955/56 – 1956/57)
Northern Punjab (1960/61 – 1967/68)

 Format 

From its inception until the 2001–02 season, the teams were grouped geographically into four or five zones – North, West, East, and South, with Central added in 1952–53. Initial matches were played within the zones on a knock-out basis until 1956–57, and thereafter on a league basis, to determine a winner; then, the five individual zone winners competed in a knock-out tournament, leading to a final which decided the winner of the Ranji Trophy. From the 1970–71 season, the knock-out stage was expanded to the top two teams from each zone, a total of ten qualifying teams. This was expanded again to the top three from each zone in 1992–93, a total of fifteen qualifying teams; between 1996–97 and 1999–2000, the fifteen qualifying teams competed in a secondary group stage, with three groups of five teams, and the top two from each group qualified for a six-team knock-out stage; in all other years until 2001–02, a full fifteen-team knock-out tournament was held.

The format was changed in the 2002–03 season with the zonal system abandoned and a two-division structure adopted – the Elite Group, containing fifteen teams, and the Plate Group, containing the rest. Each group had two sub-groups which played a round-robin; the top two from each Elite sub-group then contested a four-team knock-out tournament to determine the winner of the Ranji Trophy. The team which finished last in each Elite sub-group was relegated, and both Plate Group finalists were promoted for the following season. For the 2006–07 season, the divisions were re-labelled the Super League and Plate League respectively.

In the 2008–09 season, this format was adjusted to give both Super League and Plate League teams an opportunity to contest the Ranji Trophy. The top two from each Plate sub-group contested semi-finals; the winners of these two matches then joined the top three from each Super League sub-group in an eight-team knock-out tournament. The winner of this knock-out tournament then won the Ranji Trophy. Promotion and relegation between Super League and Plate League continued as before. In the 2010–11 season, Rajasthan won the Ranji Trophy after beginning the season in the Plate League.

From the 2012–13 season, this format was adjusted slightly. The Super League and Plate League names were abandoned, but the two-tier system remained. The top tier expanded from fifteen teams to eighteen teams, in two sub-groups of nine (known as Group A and Group B, and considered equal in status); and the second tier was reduced to nine teams in a single group (known as Group C). The top three teams from Groups A and B and the top two from Group C contest the knockout phase. The lowest placed team in each of Group A and Group B is relegated to Group C, and the top two from Group C are promoted to the top tier.

Round-robin matches are four days in length; knockout matches are played for five days. Throughout its history, if there is no outright result in a Ranji Trophy knock-out match, the team leading after the first innings is the winner.

Prior to the 2016–17 season matches were played at the home ground of one of the two teams taking part. For the 2016–17 competition the BCCI decided that all games would be staged at a neutral venue.

Tournament records

 Team recordsCompiled from Overall First-Class Records  at CricketArchive. Most wins  41  Mumbai  Highest team score  944/6 decl. Hyderabad v Andhra  1993–94 The Home of CricketArchive. Cricketarchive.co.uk (1994-01-11). Retrieved on 2013-12-06. Lowest team score  21  Hyderabad v Rajasthan  2010 The Home of CricketArchive. Cricketarchive.co.uk (1935-02-06). Retrieved on 2013-12-06.

 Individual match records Highest individual innings  443*  B. B. Nimbalkar  Maharashtra v Kathiawar  1948–49 The Home of CricketArchive. Cricketarchive.co.uk (1948-12-18). Retrieved on 2013-12-06. Best innings bowling  10/20  Premangsu Chatterjee  Bengal v Assam  1956–57 The Home of CricketArchive. Cricketarchive.co.uk (1957-01-29). Retrieved on 2013-12-06. Best match bowling  16/99  Anil Kumble  Karnataka v Kerala  1994–95 The Home of CricketArchive. Cricketarchive.co.uk (1995-01-17). Retrieved on 2013-12-06.

 Individual season recordsFrom Indian Cricket 2004, published by The Hindu, 2004. Most runs in a season  1415  V. V. S. Laxman  Hyderabad  1999–2000 Most centuries in a season  8  V. V. S. Laxman  Hyderabad  1999–2000 Most wickets in a season  64  Bishan Bedi  Delhi  1974–75

 Individual career records Most career runs  10143  Wasim Jaffer  1996–present Most career centuries  32  Wasim Jaffer  1996–present Highest career batting average  98.35  Vijay Merchant  1934–51 Most career wickets  637†  Rajinder Goel  1958–85
† Some sources credit Goel with 636 or 640 wickets instead – see Rajinder Goel article for details.

Winners
The following teams have won the tournament:
 Season  Winner  Runner-up 1934–35  Bombay  Northern India 1935–36  Bombay  Madras 1936–37  Nawanagar  Bengal 1937–38  Hyderabad  Nawanagar 1938–39  Bengal  Southern Punjab 1939–40  Maharashtra  United Provinces 1940–41  Maharashtra  Madras 1941–42  Bombay  Mysore 1942–43  Baroda  Hyderabad 1943–44  Western India  Bengal 1944–45  Bombay  Holkar 1945–46  Holkar  Baroda 1946–47  Baroda  Holkar 1947–48  Holkar  Bombay 1948–49  Bombay  Baroda 1949–50  Baroda  Holkar 1950–51  Holkar  Gujarat 1951–52  Bombay  Holkar 1952–53  Holkar  Bengal 1953–54  Bombay  Holkar 1954–55  Madras  Holkar 1955–56  Bombay  Bengal 1956–57  Bombay  Services 1957–58  Baroda  Services 1958–59  Bombay  Bengal 1959–60  Bombay  Mysore 1960–61  Bombay  Rajasthan 1961–62  Bombay  Rajasthan 1962–63  Bombay  Rajasthan 1963–64  Bombay  Rajasthan 1964–65  Bombay  Hyderabad 1965–66  Bombay  Rajasthan 1966–67  Bombay  Rajasthan 1967–68  Bombay  Madras 1968–69  Bombay  Bengal 1969–70  Bombay  Rajasthan 1970–71  Bombay  Maharashtra 1971–72  Bombay  Bengal 1972–73  Bombay  Tamil Nadu 1973–74  Karnataka  Rajasthan 1974–75  Bombay  Karnataka 1975–76  Bombay  Bihar 1976–77  Bombay  Delhi 1977–78  Karnataka  Uttar Pradesh 1978–79  Delhi  Karnataka 1979–80  Delhi  Bombay 1980–81  Bombay  Delhi 1981–82  Delhi  Karnataka 1982–83  Karnataka  Bombay 1983–84  Bombay  Delhi 1984–85  Bombay  Delhi 1985–86  Delhi  Haryana 1986–87  Hyderabad  Delhi 1987–88  Tamil Nadu  Railways 1988–89  Delhi  Bengal 1989–90  Bengal  Delhi 1990–91  Haryana  Bombay 1991–92  Delhi  Tamil Nadu 1992–93  Punjab  Maharashtra 1993–94  Bombay  Bengal 1994–95  Bombay  Punjab 1995–96  Karnataka  Tamil Nadu 1996–97  Mumbai  Delhi 1997–98  Karnataka  Uttar Pradesh 1998–99  Karnataka  Madhya Pradesh 1999–00  Mumbai  Hyderabad 2000–01  Baroda  Railways 2001–02  Railways  Baroda 2002–03  Mumbai  Tamil Nadu 2003–04  Mumbai  Tamil Nadu 2004–05  Railways  Punjab 2005–06  Uttar Pradesh  Bengal 2006–07  Mumbai  Bengal 2007–08  Delhi  Uttar Pradesh 2008–09  Mumbai  Uttar Pradesh 2009–10  Mumbai  Karnataka 2010–11  Rajasthan  Baroda 2011–12  Rajasthan  Tamil Nadu 2012–13  Mumbai  Saurashtra 2013–14  Karnataka  Maharashtra 2014–15  Karnataka  Tamil Nadu 2015–16  Mumbai  Saurashtra 2016–17  Gujarat  Mumbai

 Finals appearances by team 

Team	Wins Appearances Win % Last winBombay/Mumbai  41  46  89.1   2016Karnataka/Mysore	8  14  57.1   2015Delhi	7  14  50.0   2008Baroda	5  9  55.6   2001Madhya Pradesh/Holkar 	4  11  36.4   1953Bengal	2  13  15.4   1990Tamil Nadu/Madras	2  12  16.7   1988Rajasthan 	2  10  20.0   2012Hyderabad	2  5  40.0   1987Maharashtra 2  5  40.0   1941Railways 2  4  50.0   2005Western India/Nawanagar/Saurashtra 	2  4  50.0  1944Uttar Pradesh/United Provinces 1  6  16.7   2006Southern Punjab / Punjab	1  5  20.0   1993Haryana 	1  2  50.0   1991Gujarat 	1  2  50.0  2017Services 	0  2  00.0 Bihar 	0  1  00.0 Northern India  0  1  00.0 

References and notes