Federal subjects of Russia

Russia is a federation which consists of 83 subjects.Конституция Российской Федерации, Статья 65 (Constitution of Russia, Article 65) . In 1993, when the constitution was adopted, there were 89 subjects listed. Some of them were later merged.  These subjects are of equal federal rights in the sense that they have equal representation—two delegates each—in the Federation Council (upper house of the Federal Assembly of Russia). However, they do differ in the degree of autonomy they enjoy. Autonomous okrugs, while federal subjects in their own right, are, at the same time, considered to be administrative divisions of other federal subjects (with Chukotka Autonomous Okrug being the only exception).

 Types of federal subjects of Russia 

Each subject of the federation belongs to one of the following categories:
 21 republics (, sing. ; respubliki, sing. respublika)—nominally autonomous, each has its own constitution, president and parliament; is represented by the federal government in international affairs; and is meant to be home to a specific ethnic minority. 46 oblasts (provinces) (, sing. ; oblasti, sing. oblast)—most common, regular administrative units with federally appointed governor and locally elected legislature.  Commonly named after the oblast center—the largest city in the oblast, its administrative center. 9 krais (territories) (, sing. ; kraya, sing. krai or kray, the latter being less common)—essentially the same as oblasts. The title "territory" is historic, originally given because they were once considered frontier regions. 1 autonomous oblast (autonomous province) (; avtonomnaya oblast) (The Jewish Autonomous Oblast) 4 autonomous okrugs (autonomous districts) (, sing. ; avtonomnyye okruga, sing. avtonomny okrug)—more autonomous than oblasts but less than republics; usually with substantial or predominant ethnic minority. 2 federal cities (cities under direct jurisdiction of the Federation) (, sing. ; federalnyye goroda, sing. federalny gorod)—major cities that function as separate regions.

 List of federal subjects 
The subjects have both numerical codes and two- or three-letter ISO 3166-2:RU codes. The numerical codes span from 01 to 89, although 6 of them are no longer in use after mergers.

 Mergers 


Plans existed to merge some of the federal subjects into larger territories, which started in December 2005. No new mergers have been planned since March 2008.
 Proposals  Date of referendum  Date of merger  Merger 1, 1a  December 7, 2003  December 1, 2005  Perm Oblast + Komi-Permyak Autonomous Okrug → Perm Krai 2, 2a, 2b  April 17, 2005  January 1, 2007  Krasnoyarsk Krai + Evenk Autonomous Okrug + Taymyr Autonomous Okrug → Krasnoyarsk Krai 3, 3a  October 23, 2005  July 1, 2007  Kamchatka Oblast + Koryak Autonomous Okrug → Kamchatka Krai 4, 4a  April 16, 2006  January 1, 2008  Irkutsk Oblast + Ust-Orda Buryat Autonomous Okrug → Irkutsk Oblast 5, 5a  March 11, 2007  March 1, 2008  Chita Oblast + Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug → Zabaykalsky Krai

 Further proposals for mergers 
Proposals Federal subjects Map 6, 6a Arkhangelsk Oblast  Nenets Autonomous Okrug = Pomorsky Krai 1 September 09 100px 100px  7, 7a, 7b Khabarovsk Krai + Jewish Autonomous Oblast + Amur Oblast = Amur Krai 100px 100px 100px 8, 8a Magadan Oblast + Chukotka Autonomous Okrug = Magadan Krai 100px 100px 9, 9a, 9b Irkutsk Oblast + Buryatia Republic + Zabaykalsky Krai = Baikal Krai 100px 100px 100px 10, 10a, 10b Tyumen Oblast + Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug + Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug = Tyumen Krai 100px 100px 100px 11, 11a, 11b Novosibirsk Oblast + Omsk Oblast + Tomsk Oblast = Novosibirsk Krai 100px 100px 100px 12, 12a, 12b Kemerovo Oblast + Altai Republic + Altai Krai = Altai Krai 100px 100px 100px 13 Saint Petersburg (federal city) + Leningrad Oblast = Leningrad Oblast 100px 100px 14 Moscow (federal city) + Moscow Oblast = Moscow Oblast 100px 100px 15, 15a Yaroslavl Oblast + Kostroma Oblast = Yaroslav Krai 100px 100px 16, 16a Novgorod Oblast + Pskov Oblast = Novgorod Krai 100px 100px 17, 17a Krasnodar Krai + Adygea Republic = Krasnodar Krai 100px 100px 18, 18a Ingushetia Republic + Chechnya Republic = Wainach Republic 100px 100px * Pomorsky + Murmansk Oblast + Komi Republic = ??????? 100px 100px 100px

 See also 
 Subdivisions of Russia
 Federal districts of Russia
 Economic regions of Russia
 History of the administrative division of Russia
 Flags of federal subjects of Russia
 List of heads of federal subjects of Russia

 References 

 External links 
 Russian Classifier of Municipal Entities Territories (OTKMO) 


Federal subjects of Russia

ප්‍රවර්ගය:Post-Soviet Russia
Russia 1