Kaṛl Marks

Karl Marks (s tlimant: [maʁks]; ilul ɣ Tribs ɣ Rrin n izddar assf n 5 may 1818 - immut ɣ 14 mars 1883) iga yan uflsuf d yan umassan n tsrtit d  win tdmsa, d umzruy, d win wamun, ig ula anɣmas, d umsmddur n tgrawla d unjmaw abrusyan. Sɣ wumudn nns ttyawssanin uggʷar tlla yat tifrt n uskkṛḍ yura tt ɣ 1848 ad tt igan d "The Communist Manifesto" (s umyawas d Fridrik Injlz) fad s udlis n kṛaḍ iksayn Das Kapital(1867-1894); ɣ wad iggʷran iskr yat tɣri izawr gis tamssaẓt n tmissiwt n umzruy ɣ yan ussfsi n tddugra, ɣ ccayf n udmar awngam n Kaṛl Marks, tiwngimin nns d ma tnt d iḍfṛn ɣ ussṛwu ttyawssannt akkʷ s Tmarksitt flnt yan iḍiṣ wala imqqurn ɣ tudrt tamassant d tdamsant d tsrtant n uzmz ad.

Ilul ɣ tmdint n Trier ɣ tgldit n Prusse, iɣra Marx ɣ tsdawiyin n Bonn, d Berlin d Jena, yumẓ yan udiplum n tflsuft zɣ Jena ɣ 1841. Iga yan zɣ "Young Hegelians", tɛlla gis tflsuft n Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, issnfl d iɛyyb tikniwin n Hegel ɣ twuriwin ns zund *The German Ideology* (yuran ɣ 1846) d *Grundrisse* (yuran ɣ 1857-1858). Lliɣ illa ɣ Paris ɣ 1844, yura Marx *Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts* imnaggr d Engels, lli yuɣaln amdakʷl ns amqqran d umɛawan ns. Lliɣ idda s Bruxelles ɣ 1845, skrn tawuri ɣ tmnbaḍt tacdyut (Communist League), uran ɣ 1848 *The Communist Manifesto*, lli issfɣn tikniwin n Marx d mayd ittini f tanflit. Ffɣn t zɣ Bljika d Lalman, idda s London ɣ 1849, ɣin ay yura *The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte* (1852) d *Das Kapital*. Zɣ 1864, ikcem Marx s tmsmunt tamaḍlant n ixddamn (First International), ɣin ay immɣ d inanarcistn lli iznza Mikhail Bakunin. Ɣ tktabt ns *Critique of the Gotha Programme* (1875), yura f tanflit, d ddwlt d ubrid s tcyuɛit. Immut bla tamazirt ɣ 1883, mtln t ɣ usmdl n Highgate.

Tiɣriwin n Marx f umzruy, tamtti d tdmsit tasertiyt ar ttinint is tmɣur tmiẓar n mddn s imɣarn n trbbaɛ. Ɣ uɣaras n trsmal, ittban uyad ɣ imɣarn gr trbbaɛ lli iḥkamn (ittussan s 'bourgeoisie') lli iṭṭafn allalen n tawuri, d trbbaɛ ixddamn (ittussan s 'proletariat') lli iskkarn iwuriyn ad s tzzenza n tẓḍart nsn f yan uttci. S tiɣri ns tanamurt n umzruy, inna Marx mas tra tarsmal ad tawi imɣarn ɣ tuggugt ns zund akkʷ iɣarasn yaḍnin n tdmsit d tmtti, d imɣarn ad rad awin s ubṭṭu ns d ubddl ns s yan uɣaras yaḍni ittussan s uɣaras asutay n tawuri. I Marx, imɣarn ɣ trsmal - lli d iffɣn zɣ tɣuḍi ns d tɣawsiwin ns n tmara - rad awin s tmusni n trbbaɛ dar ixddamn, lli ra yawi s uḥbu nsn i tẓḍart tasrtant d tizi yaḍni s tmtti bla tirbbaɛ, tamtti tacyuɛit lli ra yilin s tmsmunt tilellit n imskarn. Isker Marx tawuri f uskr n uyad, inna mas ixxṣṣa i trbbaɛt n ixddamn ad tskr tanflit taproletarit iswran bac ad tṛẓ tarsmal d ad tawi tilelli i tdmsit d tmtti.

 Tisaɣulin