Tamaɛcuṛt - amaɛcuṛ

Tamaɛcuṛt tamyurt  ad fln tt idd imzwura, tlla g tudrt n umaziɣ, urta tlli tlalit, tfl tamyurt ad assaɣ nns amzwaru lli as imunn d umzruy nns, ig wassaɣ n (tmaɛcuṛt), yan wassaɣ lli izdin tamyurt ɣ tizi lliɣ ttɣʷi tmuslmt g tussna umaziɣ tg asgd nns. ifk usgd n tmuslmt tullist yaḍn lli s tt izdin d tullisin n iciɛin imslmn, ilin wiyyaḍ zdin tt d tullisin n usgd n udayn. lliɣ yad s tt inn ikka usgd n udayn iga asgd izwarn d ikkan iming amẓnt imaziɣn ig asgd nnsn.

Amɛcuṛ s tidtt dars tazdayt d kigan n tullisin timaziɣin, lli rurn inn taɣḍft s tayri n wakal d tgamit d tayri n tmurt d igldan.

Iga wakud n tmyurt n tmaɛcuṛt ɣ usggʷas g 10 ayyur n tin dufan /محرم, lli imsasan d zund tizi ɣ immut aɛli bn ṭṭalb g tɣrmt n kaṛbala ɣ tmurt n lɛiraq. ig wakud n umsar ad a illi yujjan tullist tamuslmt ad tzdi d tmyurt n tmaɛcuṛt s ɣikan tdwr tili assaɣ ad.

Tili tullist tudayt lli s tt izdin s wakud ad d yan umsar ittubdar g idlisn n udayn, ig umsar lliɣ fukkan udayn ixfawn nnsn zɣ ugllid n miẓṛan, ɣ tasut n unmɣuṛ nnsn musa. illa ma innan tga tmaɛcuṛt tamyurt tacuṛit tzdi tullist nns d takuct ɛctaṛ, tɣama tmyurt tkcm s tmyurin n tussna n udayn d tin imslmn.

Iɣ ncnubbc bahra ɣ tamyurt ad, nẓṛ anawn n tffugliwin lli gis, nẓṛ anamkn d tmatarin lli gis lli igan izaykutn, nfrk i tullist nns uggar, naf tt inn ur tli aẓuṛ d usgd n tmuslmt taciɛit, awd ur tli aẓuṛ d usgd n udayn.

Taffugla n tmaɛcuṛt dar imaziɣn g lmṛṛuk, ula g tmazɣa akkʷ tga taffugla ɣ dran middn assusm d tummrt, d iɣ nẓṛa iffuglutn n tmaɛcuṛt n middn n iming, naftn inn dran gis middn tizi n isyafatn n ummṛẓg d ur darsn tgi tamaɛcuṛt taffugla niɣ tafaska, tga darsn asskti n imnɣi ɣ immut ɛli bn ṭṭalb g kaṛbala. mayad ar immal mas tumẓ tmaɛcuṛt n imaziɣn tullist nns zɣ kra n umsar ifulkin g umzruy, d tffugla nns tẓli. tullist n tmaɛcuṛt dar imaziɣn tla iẓuṛan nns ɣ umzruy n zik n tmazɣa, mqqar tdrus tmusni f mayan, iqqan d f imrzutn ad afn tullist ann. acku maṛṛa n tfras d tmitar n tffugla n tmyurt n tmaɛcuṛt n tmazɣa ur tli anaw g iming d tmyurin n usgd n uday d umuslm lli dis izdin kra n tfras ccarnin drusnt.

 Taffugla n tmaɛcuṛt g  tɣrmin d tmizar n lmṛṛuk 

•g tɣrmawin : sus / iẓẓlmḍ n lmrruk.

  ar ttddunt tmɣarin s igadazn ar ssaɣnt  lfakit, kra iga tt anaw sɣnt zɣ gis imikk, ḥma ad smannt  tawfkiwin d trzzifin i  tazzanin. sɣnt awd tiwgalin d tilluna fulkinin iṛcmn s ikʷlan.

  iɣ zrint tiwuttc ar ssrɣan ifrax d iɛrrimn ( tajaffut), ar tt akʷin takat ann, ɣ wass yaḍn ar ttmaɣn middn ngr asn s waman, tazzanin, timɣarin, irgazn, d iɛrrimn, yan yuzzl f wayyaḍ, ig mayan urar n uzal n wass. g tadggʷat n wass ann, ar ssnwant tmɣarin skksu, s tfyyi n lgddid lli skrnt zɣ tfyyi n izimmr n tfaska, ssnunt dis igumma. iɣ ccan middn munnt tmɣarin d tfrxin ar smurignt ar kkatnt allun d wawgaln, inint izli ittawssann s ddarija :

قديدة قديدة منشورة على الاعواد

بابا عيشور جا اصلي وداه الواد

وحق بابا عيشور ما علينا الحكام الالاة

عيد الميلود كيحكموه الرجال الالاة.

  ili ɣ kra iga tt adɣar, kra n urgaz ar ittgga ( baba ɛicuṛ), ar ilssa timlsa nns iṛcmn s ikʷlan, ar ittkka tigʷmma ar izduqquṛ s tazzanin ar tn issutur ad as fkn tawfka (lfakit - idrimn…).

 Tamɛcuṛt g sus 
ɣ wass izwarn ɣ wayyur n tin dufan / محرم , ar ssaɣn wazzann tisbbaqqayin,  ar asn t tqqdn ɣ iswak n tɣrmin ar tn sbbaqqayn, ar ttmaɣn ɣ isukn s waman d tglay, ar tt ṛuccn tifrxin s waman ila kigan n ikʷlan. d iɣ ilkm wass wiss mraw ɣ wayyur, ar ssnwant tmɣarin lgddid ɣ skksu, ccnt tadggʷat ann.

g tɣrmt n tznit d ifran n waṭlaṣ mẓẓin, ar itt ili iffuglu ɣ munn kigan n irgazn ar lssan timlsa, ḥbun udm, ar asn tt inin (imɛcaṛ), wid ar skarn amzgun g isaragn d iswak.

tafaska n tmaɛcuṛt, tga mraw ussan n usffuglu zɣ wass izwarn n wayyur n tin dufan /  محرم ar ass mraw g wayyur.

 Asffuglu n tfaska n umaɛcuṛ g tqbilt n ilbnsirn 
ar sffuglun middn imaziɣn g iduṛan n tqbilt n ilbnsirn ɣ yiḍ n wass wiss mraw n tin dufan. ar smunan middn atig n udrim i ku takat, sɣn sis amugay niɣ izammarn, ɣrs asn gn tafaska n tffugla, ɣ dar tizi wallas ar ssfalnt tmɣarin ad ssnunt tiram n wass ann s tfyyi g ṭṭwajn d ssksu, ig mayan tirmt n imnsi n middn akkʷ n udwwaṛ, ɣ tizi ann illan ngr allas  d tẓallit n tiyiḍṣ, iga tizi n izlan n tmɣarin ɣ tuẓẓumt n usays n udwwaṛ d tazzanin d tfrxin ar kkatnt awgaln.

ar tt kkan tigʷmma, ar tt inin izlan :

tamaɛcuṛt n ṛbbi

tigmmi s tayyaḍ

fkat aɣ taɣawsa n ṛbbi…

ar asn akkan middn, tamaɛcuṛt ( tikʷdrllas - awrrn - ibrin - igumma…)

iɣ lkmnt tiyiḍṣ, ar aṭṭunt tmɣarin tiram ɣ izlafn d ṭṭwajn, aznnt irgazn imunn ɣ tmzgida ccn gis, ẓwint awd nttnti tiram nnsnt ccnt imnsi nnsnt. aznnt i middn iwssarn d wid ur yufin ad ffɣn s tffugla tiram s tgʷmma nnsn. ili uffuglu ad igguran n tmaɛcuṛt assaɣ n ( lmɛṛuf).

 iɣbula n inɣmisn n uḍṛiṣ 

 الحسين أيت باحسين, الحوار المتمدن – العدد 3650-2012/2/26 المحور : الادب والفنون.
 مقال نجيم السبع, عاشوراء في الثرات الأمازيغي .
 مقال سناء القويطي , على موقع الجزيرة, الرباط.

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