Ɛmmuri Mbark

Ɛmmuri Mbark iga yan ɣ imqrann n tẓuri tamaziɣt g Sus, illa mad fllas innan is iga ansmaynu n uẓawan amaziɣ atrar. Ilul ɣ usggʷas n 1951 ɣ usun n Irgitn lli illan ɣ tmnaḍt n Trudant. 

Aɣaras n umarg
tga tmnaḍt ad n Trudant yan udɣar lli ɣ iggut umarg amaziɣ d imassn nns, aylli rad isgadda adɣar n tlalit n umarg amaynu isswan s laṛyaḥ n iḥwacn d umarg aqbur n ṛṛways, ifk atig i uẓawan amaziɣ. 

Ɣinn nit a ɣ t izdɣ umarg, yaru gis amud n uwujdu d igdfan n taḍfi ur inwin amr ɣ tfḍniwin n tguri d tiyyt, ur ta yusi aḍaṛ nns ad yasi agmmay yaḍn ɣ taddrwin n Trudant d tiswak nns llasnin. Tam isggʷasn ad dars illan lliɣ nn ilkm Tarudant izdɣ ɣ yat tgmmi n wazzann f llant "Tytmatin Tikatulikin" iḍfr gis tiɣri aylliɣ izri tiɣḥri izwarn ikcm ilmma s tinml "bn sliman rrudani". Ufuɣ ad s bṛṛa n "umalu" ittuḍrasn n tgmmi n tytamatin ad t irgn tiklit yaḍn i uzwu n umarg d tɣawsiwin imann n umaḍal. Skrn, nttan d kran n iɛzriyn lli d yaqqra, yat trabbut n umarg tatrart smmun as "les Birds" (igḍaḍ s tnglizt). Ism ad ar yakka agʷns n tɣlaɣalt lliɣ ilul warram ad nnsn. Tagara n isggwasn 60 ẓlin s tmitar flnt trubba ittirirn s tnglizt ɣ umaḍl, zun d Bitlz (Beatles), d tiyyaḍ. Iɛzriyn n trudant, zun d akkʷ ingga nnsn ɣ tmdinin yaḍn d tmizar yaḍn, usin imassn lli mi ssnn, ar ttirirn s iwaliwn ssnn d wid ur ssnn kigan, ad d traran taɣlaɣalt, ifl warram ad atrar ɣ ignsiwn nnsn grawlnin. Ɣid aɣ d tlul twngimt n les Birds, yirir Ɛmmuri d imddukkal nns turarin s tfransist, maca iɣarasn n tiɣri ar ttismadn, ar idsn ttismadn iɣarasn lli yidsn imann, mkan a f daɣ yusi Mbark aḍaṛ nns ilkm Agadir. iswurri gis, Yasi yids tayri d waṭṭan n umarg, tizi ann, ur d sul tirabuttin n bṛṛa ad isannun iẓṛi nns, macc arram n trabbut Nas Lɣiwan a f d ifaw wass n Lmɣrib ɣ tzwuri n tmrawt 70 munn dids tuggt n iɛzray ɣ tlul tayri n umarg. Mbark, zun d akkʷ wiyyaḍ, iḍfr angi, imun d yat trabbut ɣ Tznit, ar tturarn s Tɛrabt. maca llan inmuggarn, ɣ tudrt, iɣiyn ad rẓmn aginan n wussan s mad nn ur ntam, s kra n idir ur nwarga nɣ akkʷ f ur nskr. Mayad nit ad ijṛan i Ɛmmuri, inmaggar ɣ yat tmɣra d yan ɣ imasayn n Ugraw n Lmɣrib ɣ Isiggl d Isnifiln n Tussna (AMREC). Inmaggar ids ɣ yan uzmz ɣ tra tnsmunt a ad tsfalki arram, satn kra n imslayn gis ɣ yigr n umarg amaziɣ. Lliɣ iẓra mbark ɣ uɣuri ad yat tɣawsa iẓḍaṛn ad t izdi s yat tklit d tɣlaɣalin n umarg ittnunuyn ɣ yixf nns d tɣlaɣalin n tmagit yugm ɣ iggi n twririn, sul imẓẓiy, ar ikssa ulli d twargiwin n mẓẓiy d tmazirt, isadmr, yasi irifi nns imuddu s Ṛṛbaḍ. Ɣinn a ɣ inmaggar d imddukal lli s skrn tarabut n Usman zun d Butrufin, Bijɛad, Lɛkkaf d wiyyaḍ. Ɣin nit a ɣ d yiwi f usnulfu amaynu ɣ umarg amaziɣ lli mi izwar Ɛli azayku, Muḥmmad mustawi, Axiyyaṭ. Maca ur ikki uzmz yat (iggi n kraḍ isggasn) tbḍu trabbut; maca mbark ur ifil amarg; ur ibḍi d tnana iɣlaɣln ɣ igʷnsiwn nns. Ismd slaɣ nttan (waḥdu t, ɣar nttan) aɣaras nns, yasi tagiṭart, nɣ amzad, ar isiggil idirn, nɣ iggitn, dranin n umarg d wurarn aggugnin ɣ ugʷns nns, ɣ iman, ɣ tguriwin d tgudiwin. Issufɣ d tassfift izwarn ɣ usggas n 1979. Tasfift lli ɣ yurar timdyazin n Muḥmmad Mustawi : tazzwit nra nkk dim a nmun. ar tad iggʷran iskr nttan d Ali Ccuhad illan ɣ trabbut n "Arcac" lliɣ tlkm tiṭṭ nnsn aman ɣ lɛin (ar allan).

Amarg amaynu iẓlin 
Arram n "Ɛmmuri Mbark" ila yan wudm iẓlin ɣ yigr n uẓawan amaziɣ. Nttan ad izwarn is yura timdyazin n umarg atrar zun d tid akkʷ ittuyssann n umeyaz Ali Azayku : 

Zeɣ
Giɣ addjar n tudrt, ur iyyi tuqqr
 Tusi iyi, tg iyi ɣ idammn n willi ddrnin
Ar :
 Gan itran inagan ɣ waḍan n tillas
 Ayyur idrus iɣ ibidd ɣ imi n ignwan
 Rbbi nniɣ is mmuddan fln aɣ ur nssin.' 

Mklli daɣ yurm tiyyat ggutnin n umarg amaziɣ d umarg n umaḍal. Yusi ɣ uḥwac, ɣ uhnaqqar, ɣ ujmak; yarm arkkaz n Ayt Huwara, izri nn ɣ yat tasffift nns, s yigr n Ljaz. Ɛmmuri, zɣ lliɣ iman d tzwwit, slaɣ nttan d tgiṭart nns, ad isnulfu, ur ar ittals i tiyyat, ar ittkka f ijddign, ur jjun rmin.

Yurar f tayri : (aḥbib lli tra tasa ur illi ɣid) ; d uzwag (tiwi tn a Muɣa s ifran n ddu wakal) ; d uluy (aluluy aɣ en mḍlx isggʷasn dlen tn s tguḍiwin ; nkki gix ahyyaḍ ur salax ad allax) ; mekli yurar tamagit d wawal nnes amaziɣ (awal inu gan amaziɣ ur ten iri yan). 

Tagara yad iswurri d kran yan ɣ Beljika af ad ad ifk udem aẓuran, lli bedda iwarga, mac ur t jun yufi, i tiyyat itɣliɣilen ɣ ugunes nnes zɣ lliɣ ittut s "umariq" n umarg d uluyen.

 Tisfifin
D tarabbut n Usman
 Takndawt (1976) 
 Usman urrind (1983)
 S tisfifin yaḍn n 45 n ussutl ɣ usgas n1976.  
 Waḥdut
 Afulki (2006)  iwaliwn n :  Aḥmed Buzid
 Ini kra
 D unaẓuṛ Ɛli Cuhad - (1999)
 Azmz irufan (1994)
 Manzak inn (1993)
 Saqsa amanar (1992)
 Janvil (Gennevilliers) (1987)
 Iggig n ssif (1984)
 Amnzuy ɣ ujddig (1983)
 Mamnk ur yalla (1980)
 Nkk dik an mun (1978)

 Anaẓuṛ amẓẓawan d izwarn tasut nns 
Issnti Ɛmmuṛi Mbaṛk amarg zɣ mẓẓiy nns, ifk ugṛḍ nns tiguriwin mmimnin i imsflidn d ugdud nns. Iswwuri s kigan n tzlitin iɣman ɣ tskla tamaziɣt tatrart. Mqqar ittawssan Ɛmmuṛi s uẓawan amaynu, amarg aqbur ur gis ifl. Tisfifin n ṛṛayṣ Lḥajj Blεid lli mi yuls ɣ isggʷasn n (90) s tmlda n usnfar lli tssnti tmawast n tussna bla tsmd t, gant tuggʷa mas yiws unaẓuṛ ad ɣ usmatti n talɣatin ad s dar tasutin n yimal.

Mnnawt tfras ad idra Ɛmmuṛi d Uzayku: ar akkʷ ttirin tizlit tatrart, d usin akkʷ unzgum n umarg amaziɣ d usbuɣlu nns. Inna Ɛmmuṛi  ɣ yan umsawl mas ar nn ittafa ixf nns ɣ tmdyazin n Uzayku. Yufa gisnt aylli s ar isiggil : taguri immimn, talɣiwin yusin ur d imikk n intagn ɣ uswir amaḍlan ddfir n win tmazirt.

Talɣatin n Uzayku lli yurar Ɛmmuṛi ggutnt, gant akkʷ tin tmaziɣt zqqaɣn, teṭṭaynt tiguriwin timzzitin, fkint tindi i wawal amaziɣ zun d tizlit n “Janbiyyi” lli igan talɣat tamɣlalt ɣ umzruy n umarag amaziɣ atrar. Tẓḍaṛ ad tsnfl addad n tzlit tamaziɣt s yan waddad lli tt yujjan ad nn tut s wayyawn nns ɣ yigr amaḍlan.

Ɛmmuṛi inna ɣ unɣmis n « le Matin 2003 » f ulmuggar anamur n tzlit tartart -lli ɣ yiwi tasmɣurt tamzwarut-  mas iga yat tmlda lli ɣ ar ittnmiggir yan ugdud n inaẓuṛn. Tiklit zwarn isyafa giss uẓawan, s uḍṛiṣ n tlɣat, s wul nns yuyl ar ittirir: « myarɣ yadlli ad didi ittirir ɣ trabbut inu smmus ar ṣḍiṣ n mddn ; ɣ tlɣat ad, urarɣ gis d uggʷar n 30 n ugmam amẓẓawan… »Tannayt ad lli ifka Ɛmmuṛi tẓli s unmuggar anamur n tzlit tartart, macc mad iẓlin s tlɣat n «janbiyyi », inna fllas ɣ usays n « في البال أغنية » tiguriwin ad : « ufiɣ nn ɣ tzlit n janbiyyi aylli s ar siggilɣ. Timdyazin n Uzayku gan zun d iɣ ar tnt fllati ittara, ar nn gisnt ttafaɣ ixf inu ; lliɣ stiɣ talɣat ad,  giɣ ɣ ixf inu yat twngimt : ad d gis ḍiɣ yat tnaɣa nna ur illan ɣ tsfifin inu timzwura. Asqsi iga t: manik s rad skrɣ abṭṭu amẓẓawan nns d manik s rad tt ssnkdɣ i ugdud, awiɣ taɣḍft nns… ayad akkʷ tamɣ t inn ɣ tzlit ad ».''

Mqqar tlla tɣnnant ngr inaẓuṛn imadrawn ɣ unmugar ad, tẓḍaṛ tlɣat n “Janbiyyi” ad tawi tasmɣurt tamzwarut n tzlit tanamurt tatrart; aylli yakkan tamatart mas tẓḍaṛ tmaziɣt ad tskr adɣar nns ɣ yigr n umarg anamur, macc ad tili tnalit n wawnk, acku nttat ad iẓḍaṛn ad tsslkm aẓawan amaziɣ i tskʷfal attuynin ɣ uswir anamur nɣ amaḍlan.

S uzgzl talɣat n ‘’Janbiyyi ‘’ munn gis ifrdisn ad lli tt yujjan ad tg talɣat n tasut :

 Yura tt Uzayku, amara axatar, s yat tɣarast tatrart ɣ yat tizi lliɣ sul ijbbṛ umarg amaziɣ ɣ tɣarast nns tamyurant;
 Ismurg tt Ɛmmuṛi s yan ugṛḍ iḥlan d yat taqqayt d iṭṭayn tufrayin n wul;
 Abṭṭu n uẓawan nns iskr t unaẓuṛ Ḥmad Ɛinun;
 Tska f tguri immimn yusin anzgum d tkrrayt n imzwag ayt darnɣ ɣ tagut n Bariz “Gennevilliers”;
 Tsdandi tt trabbut tatrat n uẓawan lli iḍfaṛn i tmawast n tussna; ...

Tasmɣurt lli yiwi Ɛmmuṛi s tlɣat n “Janbiyyi” tga ɣar yat ɣ gr tsmɣurin yaḍnin. Talɣat n “Janbiyyi” tga yat ɣ gr tmdyazin yaḍnin. Talɣat lli f nmaggarn sin inmɣurn: yan ɣ yigr n uẓawan, wiss sin ɣ yigr n tmdyazt tartart.

 Tisaɣulin 
 azawan.com (afulay)
Agharas-agharas.blogspot.com
Izdayn n brra
 Asit unṣib
 (fr) Imurig.net - Portail de la musique et culture amaziɣs Chleuhs avec biographie, une interview audio et des extraits de chansons de Ammouri Mbark
 (fr) Souss.com - Entretien avec le musicien Ammouri Mbark
 (fr) Biographie et entretien

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