Fyitnam

Fyitnam iga ism nns amaddud Tagduda Tanamunt n Vietnam (SRV) tga yat tmazirt illan ɣ ir agmmuḍan n iffus n usammr n Wasya, s yan usarag n 331,000 kilumitr amkkuẓ (128,000 sq mi) d yan wuṭṭun n imzdaɣn yutin 100 mlyun, ɣayad ad gis igan  tamazirt tis 15 s wuṭṭun n imzdaɣn ɣ umaḍal. Tga yat ɣ snat tmizar Timarksisin-tilinin ɣ iffus n usammr n Wasya, Vietnam tdra iwtta nns d Ccinwa ɣ ugafa, d Laws d Kambudya ɣ utaram. Iwtta aylann d Tayland s iɣzr n Tayland, tlla tama n Filibbin d Indunisya, d Malizya s ill n Ccinwa afasi. Tamaẓunt nns tga tt Anuy d tɣrmt nns tamqqurt tga tt tɣrmt n Hu Ci Minh (tettyawssan darsn s ism n Saygun).

Vietnam tga yat tmazirt ɣ uɣaras n tgmi, s yat tdamsa n tiɣrad drusnin. Tla yan uswir yattuyn n tmctcut d umatr d imukrisn n twnnaḍt, d yan uzmmim ur icwin n izrfan n ufgan; tamazirt ad tlla ɣ wadday n taskala ɣ tilelli n ustay n usgd d tin usnɣms, d tilelli tuɣrimt. 

Tga agzzum ɣ tmrsal timaḍlanin d tnmnaḍin zun d ASEAN, APEC, CPTPP, Non-Aligned Movement, OIF, d WTO. Illa dars yan udɣar ɣ usɣam n unḍaw n tamttiwin munnin snat tikkal.

 Amzruy 
Ittyawzdaɣ wakal n Fyitnam sɣ uzmz n uẓṛu aqbur, s tmizar ttyawrsalnin ɣ ifḍ izwurn talalit n Ɛisa f ida ɣ illa wasif azggʷaɣ ɣ ugafa n Fyitnam ɣikkad.  

Tigldiwin ann mḍfaṛnin f tnbaḍt n tmazirt ad rad bahra awint ɣ tẓuri n Ccinwa s Tkunfucit d Tbudayt. Ɣ mad iggutn ɣ tasut tis 17 d tis 18, tbḍa Vietnam s sin ifrsa: Đàng Trong d Đàng Ngoài. Tawja tagldant n Nguyễn tkna i Fransa ɣ usggʷas 1883. Ɣ 1887, akal nns iga yan ifrsi ɣ Landucin n Fransa s kraḍt tsgiwin. Lliɣ ifrucca imnɣi amaḍlan wis sin, amulli n inamurn n Viet Minh ittglin s ufus n igrawliyn injmawn n Ho Chi Minh, iskr tagrawla n Ɣuct, tagrumma ad ad yifsn tidrfit n Fyitnam ɣ 1945.

Tkka tmazirt ad yan imnɣi iɣzzifn ɣ tasut tis 20. Dffr imnɣi amaḍlan wis sin,turri d Fransa tra ad d trar adwass nns akulunyal ɣ imnɣi amzwaru n Landucin, tffuɣ d gis Fyitnam tga tamnrut. 
Ad igan d tayafut n igamman ṛcmninygr Viet Minh d Fransa, tibḍit n Fyitnam s sin ifrsa. 


Kra n isggʷasn sul, rad issnti imnɣi n Fyitnam, gr xtalli n ugafa igan tanjmawt, s tanilt n tamunt Tasubyant d Ccinwa, d Fyitnam n iffus ittyawasn s Iwunak Mullinin. Lliɣ inru ugafa ɣ 1975, tmun daɣ Fyitnam tg yat tmazirt s tnbaḍt tanjmawt ddu ukabar anjmaw n Fyitnam (CPV) d mayad izri ɣ usggʷas 1976.

Ɣ usggʷas 1986, issnti CPV yan usggm n tdamsa d tsrtit zun d ɣwalli skrn Ccinwa, issnfl tamazirt irar tt tga yan ugdz adamsan iswala t umussu anjmaw. Isggam ad ssrxan akccum n Fyitnam ɣ tsrtit d tdamsa tamaḍlant.

 Tarakalt 
Tiwi Fyitnam yan usarag illan ɣ wattayn n 331,688 km² (tmẓẓi yan imikk f Lalman). Angraw n wakal nns illa s idrarn d twrar ɣ llan kigan n taddagin da ddalnin 20% n wakal nns. 40% n wakal illa s idrarn, taganin dlnt 75% n ma ila wakal nns. Adrar n Fan Si Pa ad igan adrar akkʷ yattuyn ɣ Vietnam (3,143 m).

Angigt nns iga amnanaḍ, aggundu ar gis ilkkm 84% ɣ usggʷas. Anẓar asggʷasan ar ittili gr 1,200 d 3,000 mm, izdma tirɣi ar tjgugul gr 5°C d 37°C.

 Tasrtit 
Fyitnam tga yat tmazirt tanamunt tin yan ukabaṛ (tawaẓkabaṛt). Yan udustur amaynu izri ɣ 1992 issnfl ɣwalli n 1975. Talilt n ukabaṛ anjmaw n Fyitnam (Đảng Cộng Sản Việt Nam) takul ɣ kullu tisay n tnbaḍt, ɣ tsrtant ula ɣ wamun.

Anssixf iga amɣar n uwank d unmuzr igan amɣar n tsrdast. Amɣar n tnbaḍt iga t luzir  amzwaru da issixfn asɣam n tmawast. Agraw Anamur iga aynizɣi llan gis 498 n igmamn.

 Tadlsa 

 Tutlayin 
Tutlayt tunṣibt tga tt Tfitnamit, imil Tacinwit d Tfransist, d Tnglizt (ar ttimɣur) d tuggt n tutlayin n tqbilin n idrarn llant dɣ nttnti.

 Tiram 
Anwal n Vietnam, zun d akkʷ inwaln n tsga ad, iggrgs, imyanaw s ulmidn da fttunin sɣ wid uddisn ar wid fssusnin. Iga yan unwal adusan da bahra ur issmrasn tadunt, isdu uggar s icakan.

Gỏi Cuốn iga yan imkli anmyur ɣ Fyitnam. Ittyawskar s tgrawt n mnnaw ifrdas zun d: aqaymrun d islman niɣ d tifrsa n tsknafin d tfrsa n tmangut tazgzawt d tiskrt d ififl azgzaw iḥṛṛan idln s ifrawn izgzawn.

 Tisaɣulin 
Taggayt: Timizar n Wasya