علم ڪيميا ۾ نوبل انعام

علم ڪيميا ۾ نوبل انعام (سويڊش: Nobelpriset i kemi) هر سال رائل سويڊش اڪيڊمي آف سائنسز پاران علم ڪيميا جي مختلف شعبن ۾ سائنسدانن کي ڏنو ويندو آهي. اهو سال 1895ع ۾ الفريڊ نوبل جي وصيت سان قائم ڪيل پنجن نوبل انعامن، ڪيميا، طبيعيات، ادب، امن ۽ فزيالوجي يا طب، مان هڪ آهي، جيڪو علم ڪيميا ۾ شاندار ڪمن لاءِ ڏنو ويندو آهي. هي انعام نوبل فائونڊيشن پاران منظم ڪيو ويندو آهي ۽ علم ڪيميا لاءِ نوبل ڪميٽي جي تجويز تي رائل سويڊش اڪيڊمي آف سائنسز پاران ڏنو ويندو آهي، جنهن ۾ اڪيڊمي پاران چونڊيل پنج ميمبر شامل آهن. اهو انعام اسٽاڪ هوم ۾ 10 ڊسمبر تي، الفريڊ نوبل جي ورسي واري ڏينهن، تي هڪ سالياني تقريب ۾ پيش ڪيو ويندو آهي. 

علم ڪيميا ۾ پهريون نوبل انعام سال 1901ع ۾ هالينڊ جي جيڪبس هينريڪس وانٽهاف کي، "حل ۾ ڪيميائي حرڪيات ۽ آسموٽڪ دٻاءُ جي قانونن جي دريافت لاءِ" ڏنو ويو. سال  1901ع کان 2024ع تائين، اهو انعام ڪل 195 ڪيميا دانن کي ڏنو ويو آهي. علم ڪيميا ۾ سال 2024ع جو نوبل انعام ڊيمس هاسبيس ۽ جان جمپر کي پروٽين جي جوڙجڪ جي اڳڪٿي لاءِ ۽ ڊيوڊ بيڪر کي ڪمپيوٽيشنل پروٽين ڊيزائن لاءِ ڏنو ويو. سال 2022ع تائين، اٺ عورتون ڪيميا جو نوبل انعام کٽيو، جنهن ۾، ميري ڪيوري (1911ع)، سندس ڌيءَ آئرين جوليٽ-ڪيوري (1935ع)، ڊوروٿي هوجڪن (1964ع)، ايڏا يوناٿ (2009ع)، فرانسس آرنلڊ (2018ع)، ايمانوئلئ چارپينٽيئر ۽ جينيفر ڊوڊنا (2020ع) ۽ ڪيرولين آر. برٽوزي (2022ع) شامل آهن. 

علم ڪيميا ۾ نوبل انعام کڻندڙ جي فهرست
 سال تصوير ڪيميادان ملڪ/قوميت ڪم جن جي ڪارڻ انعام ڏنو ويو حوالا  1901 75pxجيڪوبس هينريڪس وانٽهاف(1852–1911)  ولنديزي "[for his] discovery of the laws of chemical dynamics and osmotic pressure in solutions" 1902 75px هرمان ايمل فشر(1852–1919) جرمن سلطنت "[for] his work on sugar and purine syntheses" 1903 75px سوانتئ آگسٽ آرينئيس (1859–1927)  سويڊش "[for] his electrolytic theory of dissociation" 1904 75px Sir William Ramsay(1852–1916)  British "[for his] discovery of the inert gaseous elements in air, and his determination of their place in the periodic system" 1905 75px Adolf von Baeyer(1835–1917)  German "[for] the advancement of organic chemistry and the chemical industry, through his work on organic dyes and hydroaromatic compounds" 1906 75px Henri Moissan(1852–1907)  French "[for his] investigation and isolation of the element fluorine, and for [the] electric furnace called after him" 1907 75px Eduard Buchner(1860–1917)  German "for his biochemical researches and his discovery of cell-free fermentation" 1908 75px Ernest Rutherford(1871–1937)  New Zealander "for his investigations into the disintegration of the elements, and the chemistry of radioactive substances" 1909 75px Wilhelm Ostwald(1853–1932)  German "[for] his work on catalysis and for his investigations into the fundamental principles governing chemical equilibria and rates of reaction" 1910 75px Otto Wallach(1847–1931)  German "[for] his services to organic chemistry and the chemical industry by his pioneer work in the field of alicyclic compounds" 1911 75px Marie Curie, née Skłodowska(1867–1934) Polish French "[for] the discovery of the elements radium and polonium, by the isolation of radium and the study of the nature and compounds of this remarkable element" 1912 75px Victor Grignard(1871–1935)  French "for the discovery of the [...] Grignard reagent" 75px Paul Sabatier(1854–1941) "for his method of hydrogenating organic compounds in the presence of finely disintegrated metals" 1913 75px Alfred Werner(1866–1919)  Swiss "[for] his work on the linkage of atoms in molecules [...] especially in inorganic chemistry" 1914 75px Theodore William Richards(1868–1928)  American "[for] his accurate determinations of the atomic weight of a large number of chemical elements" 1915 75px Richard Martin Willstätter(1872–1942)  German "for his researches on plant pigments, especially chlorophyll" 1916 Not awarded 1917 1918 75px Fritz Haber(1868–1934)  German "for the synthesis of ammonia from its elements" 1919 Not awarded 1920 75px Walther Hermann Nernst(1864–1941)  German "[for] his work in thermochemistry" 1921 75px Frederick Soddy(1877–1956)  British "for his contributions to our knowledge of the chemistry of radioactive substances, and his investigations into the origin and nature of isotopes" 1922 75px Francis William Aston(1877–1945)  British "for his discovery, by means of his mass spectrograph, of isotopes, in a large number of non-radioactive elements, and for his enunciation of the whole-number rule" 1923 75px Fritz Pregl(1869–1930)  Yugoslavian Austrian "for his invention of the method of micro-analysis of organic substances" 1924 Not awarded 1925 75px Richard Adolf Zsigmondy(1865–1929)  Austrian "for his demonstration of the heterogeneous nature of colloid solutions and for the methods he used" 1926 75px The (Theodor) Svedberg(1884–1971)  Swedish "for his work on disperse systems" 1927 75px Heinrich Otto Wieland(1877–1957)  German "for his investigations of the constitution of the bile acids and related substances" 1928 75px Adolf Otto Reinhold Windaus(1876–1959)  German "[for] his research into the constitution of the sterols and their connection with the vitamins" 1929 75px Arthur Harden(1865–1940)  British "for their investigations on the fermentation of sugar and fermentative enzymes" 75px Hans Karl August Simon von Euler-Chelpin(1873–1964)  German Swedish 1930 75px Hans Fischer(1881–1945)  German "for his researches into the constitution of haemin and chlorophyll and especially for his synthesis of haemin" 1931 75px Carl Bosch(1874–1940)  German "[for] their contributions to the invention and development of chemical high pressure methods" 75px Friedrich Bergius(1884–1949) 1932 75px Irving Langmuir(1881–1957)  American "for his discoveries and investigations in surface chemistry" 1933 Not awarded 1934 75px Harold Clayton Urey(1893–1981)  American "for his discovery of heavy hydrogen" 1935 75px Frédéric Joliot(1900–1958)  French "[for] their synthesis of new radioactive elements" 75px Irène Joliot-Curie(1897–1956) 1936 75px Peter Debye(1884–1966)  Dutch "[for his work on] molecular structure through his investigations on dipole moments and the diffraction of X-rays and electrons in gases" 1937 75px Walter Norman Haworth(1883–1950)  British "for his investigations on carbohydrates and vitamin C" 75px Paul Karrer(1889–1971)  Swiss "for his investigations on carotenoids, flavins and vitamins A and B2" 1938 75px Richard Kuhn(1900–1967)  German "for his work on carotenoids and vitamins" 1939 75px Adolf Friedrich Johann Butenandt(1903–1995)  German "for his work on sex hormones" 75px Leopold Ružička(1887–1976)  Yugoslavian Swiss "for his work on polymethylenes and higher terpenes" 1940 Not awarded 1941 1942 1943 75px George de Hevesy(1885–1966)  Hungarian "for his work on the use of isotopes as tracers in the study of chemical processes" 1944 75px Otto Hahn(1879–1968)  German "for his discovery of the fission of heavy nuclei" 1945 75px Artturi Ilmari Virtanen(1895–1973)  Finnish "for his research and inventions in agricultural and nutrition chemistry, especially for his fodder preservation method" 1946 75px James Batcheller Sumner(1887–1955)  American "for his discovery that enzymes can be crystallized" 75px John Howard Northrop(1891–1987) "for their preparation of enzymes and virus proteins in a pure form" 106x106px Wendell Meredith Stanley(1904–1971) 1947 75px Sir Robert Robinson(1886–1975)  British "for his investigations on plant products of biological importance, especially the alkaloids" 1948 75px Arne Wilhelm Kaurin Tiselius(1902–1971)  Swedish "for his research on electrophoresis and adsorption analysis, especially for his discoveries concerning the complex nature of the serum proteins" 1949 75px William Francis Giauque(1895–1982)  Canadian American "for his contributions in the field of chemical thermodynamics, particularly concerning the behaviour of substances at extremely low temperatures" 1950 75px Otto Paul Hermann Diels(1876–1954)  West German "for their discovery and development of the diene synthesis" 75px Kurt Alder(1902–1958) 1951 75px Edwin Mattison McMillan(1907–1991)  American "for their discoveries in the chemistry of transuranium elements" 75px Glenn Theodore Seaborg(1912–1999) 1952 75px Archer John Porter Martin(1910–2002)  British "for their invention of partition chromatography" 75px Richard Laurence Millington Synge(1914–1994) 1953 75px Hermann Staudinger(1881–1965)  West German "for his discoveries in the field of macromolecular chemistry" 1954 75px Linus Pauling(1901–1994)  American "for his research into the nature of the chemical bond and its application to the elucidation of the structure of complex substances" 1955 75px Vincent du Vigneaud(1901–1978)  American "for his work on biochemically important sulphur compounds, especially for the first synthesis of a polypeptide hormone" 1956 75px Sir Cyril Norman Hinshelwood(1897–1967)  British "for their researches into the mechanism of chemical reactions" 75px Nikolay Nikolaevich Semenov(1896–1986)  Soviet 1957 75px Lord (Alexander R.) Todd(1907–1997)  British "for his work on nucleotides and nucleotide co-enzymes" 1958 75px Frederick Sanger(1918–2013)  British "for his work on the structure of proteins, especially that of insulin" 1959 75px Jaroslav Heyrovský(1890–1967)  Czechoslovak "for his discovery and development of the polarographic methods of analysis" 1960 75px Willard Frank Libby(1908–1980)  American "for his method to use carbon-14 for age determination in archaeology, geology, geophysics, and other branches of science" 1961 75px Melvin Calvin(1911–1997)  American "for his research on the carbon dioxide assimilation in plants" 1962 75px Max Ferdinand Perutz(1914–2002)  Austrian British "for their studies of the structures of globular proteins" 75px John Cowdery Kendrew(1917–1997)  British 1963 75px Karl Ziegler(1898–1973)  West German "for their discoveries in the field of the chemistry and technology of high polymers" 75px Giulio Natta(1903–1979)  Italian 1964 75px Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin(1910–1994)  British "for her determinations by X-ray techniques of the structures of important biochemical substances" 1965 75px Robert Burns Woodward(1917–1979)  American "for his outstanding achievements in the art of organic synthesis" 1966 75px Robert S. Mulliken(1896–1986)  American "for his fundamental work concerning chemical bonds and the electronic structure of molecules by the molecular orbital method" 1967 75px Manfred Eigen(1927–2019)  West German "for their studies of extremely fast chemical reactions, effected by disturbing the equilibrium by means of very short pulses of energy" 75px Ronald George Wreyford Norrish(1897–1978)  British 75px George Porter(1920–2002) 1968 75px Lars Onsager(1903–1976)  Norwegian American "for the discovery of the reciprocal relations bearing his name, which are fundamental for the thermodynamics of irreversible processes" 1969 75px Derek H. R. Barton(1918–1998)  British "for their contributions to the development of the concept of conformation and its application in chemistry" 75px Odd Hassel(1897–1981)  Norwegian 1970 75px Luis F. Leloir(1906–1987)  Argentine "for his discovery of sugar nucleotides and their role in the biosynthesis of carbohydrates" 1971 75px Gerhard Herzberg(1904–1999)  West German Canadian "for his contributions to the knowledge of electronic structure and geometry of molecules, particularly free radicals" 1972 75px Christian B. Anfinsen(1916–1995)  American "for his work on ribonuclease, especially concerning the connection between the amino acid sequence and the biologically active conformation"  50px Stanford Moore(1913–1982) "for their contribution to the understanding of the connection between chemical structure and catalytic activity of the active centre of the ribonuclease molecule"  50px William H. Stein(1911–1980) 1973 50px Ernst Otto Fischer(1918–2007)  West German "for their pioneering work, performed independently, on the chemistry of the organometallic, so called sandwich compounds" 75px Geoffrey Wilkinson(1921–1996)  British 1974 75px Paul J. Flory(1910–1985)  American "for his fundamental work, both theoretical and experimental, in the physical chemistry of macromolecules" 1975 75px John Warcup Cornforth(1917–2013)  Australian British "for his work on the stereochemistry of enzyme-catalyzed reactions" 75px Vladimir Prelog(1906–1998)  Yugoslavian Swiss "for his research into the stereochemistry of organic molecules and reactions" 1976 75px William N. Lipscomb(1919–2011)  American "for his studies on the structure of boranes illuminating problems of chemical bonding" 1977 75px Ilya Prigogine(1917–2003)  Belgian "for his contributions to non-equilibrium thermodynamics, particularly the theory of dissipative structures" 1978 75px Peter D. Mitchell(1920–1992)  British "for his contribution to the understanding of biological energy transfer through the formulation of the chemiosmotic theory" 1979 75px Herbert C. Brown(1912–2004)  American "for their development of the use of boron- and phosphorus-containing compounds, respectively, into important reagents in organic synthesis"  50px Georg Wittig(1897–1987)  West German 1980 75px Paul Berg(1926–2023)  American "for his fundamental studies of the biochemistry of nucleic acids, with particular regard to recombinant-DNA" 75px|Walter Gilbert Walter Gilbert(b. 1932) "for their contributions concerning the determination of base sequences in nucleic acids" 75px|Frederick Sanger Frederick Sanger(1918–2013)  British 1981 75px Kenichi Fukui(1918–1998)  Japanese "for their theories, developed independently, concerning the course of chemical reactions" 75px Roald Hoffmann(b. 1937)  Polish American 1982 75px Aaron Klug(1926–2018)  British "for his development of crystallographic electron microscopy and his structural elucidation of biologically important nucleic acid-protein complexes" 1983 75px Henry Taube(1915–2005)  Canadian American "for his work on the mechanisms of electron transfer reactions, especially in metal complexes" 1984 75px Robert Bruce Merrifield(1921–2006)  American "for his development of methodology for chemical synthesis on a solid matrix" 1985 75px Herbert A. Hauptman(1917–2011)  American "for their outstanding achievements in developing direct methods for the determination of crystal structures" 75px Jerome Karle(1918–2013) 1986 75px|Dudley R. Herschbach Dudley R. Herschbach(b. 1932)  American "for their contributions concerning the dynamics of chemical elementary processes" 75px|Dudley R. Herschbach Yuan T. Lee(b. 1936)  Taiwanese 75px John C. Polanyi(b. 1929)  Canadian 1987 50px Donald J. Cram(1919–2001)  American "for their development and use of molecules with structure-specific interactions of high selectivity" 75px Jean-Marie Lehn(b. 1939)  French  Charles J. Pedersen(1904–1989)  American 1988 75px Johann Deisenhofer(b. 1943)  West German "for their determination of the three-dimensional structure of a photosynthetic reaction centre" 75px|Robert Huber Robert Huber(b. 1937) 75px Hartmut Michel(b. 1948) 1989 75px Sidney Altman(1939–2022)  Canadian American "for their discovery of catalytic properties of RNA" 75px|Thomas R. Cech Thomas Cech(b. 1947)  American 1990 75px Elias James Corey(b. 1928)  American "for his development of the theory and methodology of organic synthesis" 1991 75px|Richard R. Ernst Richard R. Ernst(1933–2021)  Swiss "for his contributions to the development of the methodology of high resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy" 1992 75px Rudolph A. Marcus(b. 1923)  Canadian American "for his contributions to the theory of electron transfer reactions in chemical systems" 1993 75px Kary B. Mullis(1944–2019)  American "for contributions to the developments of methods within DNA-based chemistry [...] for his invention of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method" 75px Michael Smith(1932–2000)  British Canadian "for contributions to the developments of methods within DNA-based chemistry [...] for his fundamental contributions to the establishment of oligonucleotide-based, site-directed mutagenesis and its development for protein studies" 1994 75px George A. Olah(1927–2017)  Hungarian American "for his contribution to carbocation chemistry" 1995 75px Paul J. Crutzen(1933–2021)  Dutch "for their work in atmospheric chemistry, particularly concerning the formation and decomposition of ozone" 75px Mario J. Molina(1943–2020)  Mexican 75px Frank Sherwood Rowland(1927–2012)  American 1996 75px Robert F. Curl Jr.(1933–2022)  American "for their discovery of fullerenes" 75px Sir Harold W. Kroto(1939–2016)  British 75px Richard E. Smalley(1943–2005)  American 1997 75px Paul D. Boyer(1918–2018)  American "for their elucidation of the enzymatic mechanism underlying the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)" 75px John E. Walker(b. 1941)  British 75px Jens C. Skou(1918–2018)  Danish "for the first discovery of an ion-transporting enzyme, Na+, K+ -ATPase" 1998 75px|Walter Kohn Walter Kohn(1923–2016)  Austrian American "for his development of the density-functional theory" John Anthony Pople John A. Pople(1925–2004)  British "for his development of computational methods in quantum chemistry" 1999 75px Ahmed Zewail(1946–2016)  Egyptian American "for his studies of the transition states of chemical reactions using femtosecond spectroscopy" 2000 75px Alan J. Heeger(b. 1936)  American "for their discovery and development of conductive polymers" 75px Alan G. MacDiarmid(1927–2007)  New Zealander American 75px Hideki Shirakawa(b. 1936)  Japanese 2001  50px William S. Knowles(1917–2012)  American "for their work on chirally catalysed hydrogenation reactions" 75px|Ryōji Noyori Ryōji Noyori(b. 1938)  Japanese 75px|Barry Sharpless K. Barry Sharpless(b. 1941)  American "for his work on chirally catalysed oxidation reactions" 2002 75px|John B. Fenn John B. Fenn(1917–2010)  American "for the development of methods for identification and structure analyses of biological macromolecules [...] for their development of soft desorption ionisation methods for mass spectrometric analyses of biological macromolecules" 75px Koichi Tanaka(b. 1959)  Japanese 75px|Kurt Wüthrich Kurt Wüthrich(b. 1938)  Swiss "for the development of methods for identification and structure analyses of biological macromolecules [...] for his development of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy for determining the three-dimensional structure of biological macromolecules in solution" 2003 75px Peter Agre(b. 1949)  American "for discoveries concerning channels in cell membranes [...] for the discovery of water channels" 75px|Roderick MacKinnon Roderick MacKinnon(b. 1956) "for discoveries concerning channels in cell membranes [...] for structural and mechanistic studies of ion channels" 2004 75px Aaron Ciechanover(b. 1947)  Israeli "for the discovery of ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation" 75px Avram Hershko(b. 1937) 75px Irwin Rose(1926–2015)  American 2005 75px Yves Chauvin(1930–2015)  French "for the development of the metathesis method in organic synthesis" 75px|Robert Grubbs Robert H. Grubbs(1942–2021)  American 75px Richard R. Schrock(b. 1945) 2006 75px Roger D. Kornberg(b. 1947)  American "for his studies of the molecular basis of eukaryotic transcription" 2007 75px Gerhard Ertl(b. 1936)  German "for his studies of chemical processes on solid surfaces" 2008 75px Osamu Shimomura(1928–2018)  JapaneseAs of 26 October 2008, the nobelprize.org website page for the 2008 award gives Shimomura's country as "USA". However, the press release from the Nobel Foundation on 8 October 2008, announcing the award, states that Shimomura is a Japanese citizen.  "for the discovery and development of the green fluorescent protein, GFP" 75px Martin Chalfie(b. 1947)  American 75px Roger Y. Tsien(1952–2016) 2009 75px Venkatraman Ramakrishnan(b. 1952)  
 British American "for studies of the structure and function of the ribosome" 75px Thomas A. Steitz(1940–2018)  American 75px Ada E. Yonath(b. 1939)  Israeli 2010 75px Richard F. Heck(1931–2015)  American "for palladium-catalyzed cross couplings in organic synthesis" 75px Ei-ichi Negishi(1935–2021)  Japanese 75px Akira Suzuki(b. 1930) 2011 75px Dan Shechtman(b. 1941)  Israeli American "for the discovery of quasicrystals" 2012 75px Robert Lefkowitz(b. 1943)  American "for studies of G-protein-coupled receptors" 75px Brian Kobilka(b. 1955) 2013 75px Martin Karplus(1930–2024)  Austrian American "for the development of multiscale models for complex chemical systems" 75px Michael Levitt(b. 1947)  South African American British Israeli 75px Arieh Warshel(b. 1940)  Israeli American 2014 75px Eric Betzig(b. 1960)  American "for the development of super-resolved fluorescence microscopy" 75px Stefan W. Hell(b. 1962)  Romanian German 75px William E. Moerner(b. 1953)  American 2015 75px Tomas Lindahl(b. 1938)  Swedish British "for mechanistic studies of DNA repair" 75px Paul L. Modrich(b. 1946)  American 75px Aziz Sancar(b. 1946)  Turkish 2016 75px Jean-Pierre Sauvage(b. 1944)  French "for the design and synthesis of molecular machines" 75px Fraser Stoddart(1942–2024)  British American 75px Ben Feringa(b. 1951)  Dutch 2017 75px Jacques Dubochet(b. 1942)  Swiss "for developing cryo-electron microscopy for the high-resolution structure determination of biomolecules in solution" 75px Joachim Frank(b. 1940)  German AmericanFrank, Joachim (2017), Curriculum Vitae . Retrieved 4 October 2017. 75px Richard Henderson(b. 1945)  British 2018 75px Frances Arnold(b. 1956)  American "for the directed evolution of enzymes"Press Release: The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2018  75px George Smith(b. 1941)"for the phage display of peptides and antibodies" 75px Sir Gregory Winter(b. 1951)  British 2019 75px John B. Goodenough(1922–2023)  American "for the development of lithium ion batteries" 75px M. Stanley Whittingham(b. 1941)  British American 75px Akira Yoshino(b. 1948)  Japanese 2020 75px Emmanuelle Charpentier(b. 1968)  French "for the development of a method for genome editing" 75px Jennifer Doudna(b. 1964)  American 2021 75px Benjamin List(b. 1968)  German "for the development of asymmetric organocatalysis" 75px David W.C. MacMillan(b. 1968)  British 2022 75px Carolyn Bertozzi(b. 1966)  American "for the development of click chemistry and bioorthogonal chemistry" 75px Morten Meldal(b. 1954)  Danish 75px K. Barry Sharpless(b. 1941)  American2023 75pxMoungi G. Bawendi(b. 1961)  French Tunisian American"for the discovery and synthesis of quantum dots"75pxLouis E. Brus(b. 1943)  American75pxAlexey Ekimov(b. 1945)  Russian2024 75px David Baker(b. 1962)  American"for computational protein design" 75px Demis Hassabis(b. 1976)  British"for protein structure prediction" 75px John M. Jumper(b. 1985)  American
حوالا

ٻاهريان ڳنڍڻا
زمرو:ڪيميا
زمرو:نوبل انعام
زمرو:علم ڪيميا ۾ نوبل انعام