نائجر درياهه

نائيجر درياهه (انگريزي: Niger River، فرانسيسي: fleuve Niger) اولهه آفريڪا جو مکيه درياهه آهي، 4,180 ڪلوميٽر (2600 ميل) ڊگهو آهي. هن جي نيڪاس جو طاس جو علائقو 21,17,700 چورس ڪلوميٽر (817600 چورس ميل) آهي.  هن جو اصل سيراليون جي سرحد جي ويجهو  ڏکڻ اوڀر گني ۾ گني هاءِ لينڊز کان شروع ٿئي ٿو. اهو هڪ هلال جي شڪل ۾ مالي ۾ ۽ نائيجر مان، بينن جي سرحد تي وهي ٿو ۽ پوءِ نائيجيريا مان نائيجر ڊيلٽا ذريعي وهندو آهي ۽ آخر ۾ ائٽلانٽڪ سمنڊ ۾ گني جي نار ۾ وهندو آهي. نائيجر آفريڪا ۾ نيل ۽ ڪانگو درياهه کانپوء ٽيون سڀ کان ڊگهو درياهه آهي. ان جي مکيه معاون ندي بينو ندي آهي.

نالو
علائقي جي مختلف ٻولين ۾ نائجر جا مختلف نالا آهن: 
 فولا ٻولي: مايو جاليبا 
 مينڊنگ ٻولي: جيليبا يا جوليبا، معني "عظيم ندي"
 طواريگ ٻولي: "دريائن جو درياء"  
 سونگهي بولي: ايسا "درياء" 
 زرما بولي: ايسا بيري "عظيم ندي"
 هاوسا ٻولي: ڪورا (ڪوَرَ) 
 نوپي ٻولي: اُدو 
 يوروبا ٻولي: "اويا"، يوروبا جي ديوي اويا جي نالي تي
 اگبو ٻولي: اوريميري يا اوريميلي "عظيم پاڻي"  
 اجاو ٻولي: تورو بيني "درياهه جو پاڻي" 

درياهه لاءِ "نائيجر" (Niger) نالي جو سڀ کان پھريون استعمال ليو آفريڪانس (Leo Africanus) پنھنجي ڪتاب ”ڊيلا دسڪريسيون ديلا آفريڪا ايت ديلي ڪوسي نوتابيلي سي اوي سونو“ ( Della descrittione dell’Africa et delle cose notabili che ivi sono) ۾ ڪيو، جيڪي سال 1550ع ۾ ڇپيو. پر ان جي باوجود، نگرس" (Nigris)  اڳي ئي اولهه آفريڪا ۾ ھڪڙي نديءَ جو نالو ھو، جنھن جو ذڪر ٻين کانسوا پليني دي ايلڊر ۽ سولينس به ڪيو آھي. 

قرون وسطيٰ جي يورپي نقشن ۾ جديد مالي ۾ درياهه جي وچين پهاڙن تي "نائجر" ۽ جديد نائيجيريا ۾ هيٺئين پهاڙن تي "ڪوارا" جو نالو لاڳو ڪيو ويو،  ڇاڪاڻ ته ان وقت انهن کي ساڳئي درياهه جي طور تي تسليم نه ڪيو ويو هو. اهو صرف 18هين صدي جي سياح، "منگو پارڪ" جي دورن سان، جيڪو نائجر نديءَ جي هيٺان سفر ڪيو ۽ پنهنجي ڏينهن جي عظيم ساحيل جي سلطنتن جو دورو ڪيو، يورپين نائجر جي وهڪري کي صحيح طور تي سڃاڻي ورتو ۽ نالو ان جي پوري وهڪري تائين وڌايو. 
 فولا: 
 ماندنگ:    يا 
 طواريگ: Eġərəw n-Igərǝwăn 
 سونگهي: Isa
 زرما: Isa Beeri"
 هاوسا: 
نوپي: Èdù
 يوروبا: Ọya
 اگبو: Orimiri or Orimili 
 اجاو: Toru Beni

 آبهوا 
As part of the West Africa Sahel region, the Niger River has a hot climate characterized by very high temperatures year-round; a long, intense dry season from October to May; and a brief, irregular rainy season linked to the West African monsoon.

جاگرافي

Drainage basin

The Niger River basin, located in western Africa, covers 7.5% of the continent and spreads over ten countries.

Niger River basin: areas and rainfall by country
 Country Area of the country 
within the basin Average
rainfall

in the

basin

(mm) (km2) (%)Algeria 193,4498.520Benin 46,3842.01,055Burkina Faso 76,6213.4655Cameroon 89,2493.91,330Chad 20,3390.9975Côte d'Ivoire 23,7701.01,466Guinea 96,8804.31,635Mali 578,85025.5440Niger 564,21124.8280Nigeria 584,19325.71,185For Niger basin2,273,946100.0690
Hydrometric stations on the Niger River
  Station
 River
kilometer

(rkm)Altitude
(m)Basin size
(km2) Multiannual average discharge
   Year
start
  (m3/s)
  (km3)Niger Delta002,273,94619147,922.3250Lower NigerOnitsha270142,240,01919146,470.8204Lokoja480342,204,50019145,754.7182Baro600471,845,30019142,349.874Jebba810731,751,00019701,457.346Kainji Dam9001001,711,30019701,153.936Middle NigerGaya1,1201561,404,60019291,086.734Malanville1,1301571,399,23819291,086.734Niamey1,420176791,1211929893.428Ansongo1,770241647,5271949806.826Gao1,860245549,8761947875.628Timbuktu2,460256382,4691975950.730Inner DeltaDiré2,540257372,58819241,11335Mopti2,900261308,18619221,742.955Upper NigerKé Macina3,050271143,36119451,33042Ségou3,200280132,83819451,344.542Koulikoro3,440289119,02919071,35143Bamako3,500316114,80019071,371.243Siguiri3,60033767,631196791929Kouroussa3,80035718,90019502327Faranah4,0404243,196195069.52

نيڪاس
Average, minimum and maximum  discharge of the Niger River at Koulikoro (Upper Niger), Niamey (Middle Niger) and Lokoja (Lower Niger). Period from 2000/06/01 to 2024/05/31.
  Water year
 Discharge (m3/s) Koulikoro Niamey Lokoja Min Mean Max Min Mean Max Min Mean Max2000/011491,1503,86070.69421,8102,1128,50432,0802001/021401,2705,52048.98951,6802,1575,33818,8852002/031779043,12090.47961,6102,0005,29717,0122003/0492.71,2305,21021.69221,8701,5926,22519,0252004/051208763,370598901,8802,1075,68316,0982005/061211,0603,40073.98561,6601,8014,84913,7922006/071431,1113,63147.48551,7101,7815,29119,3892007/0834.29624,85433.29251,8402,2276,76719,9412008/091351,4434,837349451,8301,5356,16120,4262009/101421,3024,6602,1017,63720,5342010/111701,2603,9162,1667,22521,2722011/12929243,9128011,8355,73616,9122012/131491,1464,562731,1152,4921,7318,61231,6922013/141371,0806,2978521,5465,78316,4302014/151048633,695537521,5421,5706,35219,6642015/161291,0023,719539582,1231,7536,05427,2852016/171069745,8451,0592,5507,27220,6132017/18776772,3381078011,7912,0586,78121,0202018/19431,2567,5551,2232,0467,90025,6122019/201749334,158101,0602,6771,5948,75124,8002020/21669995,023581,4183,3982,1317,57028,0822021/22778243,2751351,1062,1212,0215,91317,6882022/23668913,851441,0741,8691,9978,28833,1362023/24557483,401448741,5952,1077,49120,578
Average discharge of the Niger River at Niger Delta (period from 2010 to 2018):
  Year
  Average discharge
   (km3)
  (m3/s)
  (cfs)
   2010
  288.1
  9,130
  322,410
   2011
  245.7
  7,786
  274,960
   2012
  320.3
  10,150
  358,440
   2013
  224.4
  7,111
  251,120
   2014
  251.2
  7,960
  281,110
   2015
  235.3
  7,456
  263,320
   2016
  286.8
  9,088
  320,950
   2017
  270.9
  8,585
  303,160
   2018
  311.6
  9,874
  348,700
     2010–2018
  270.5
  8,572
  302,710
Niger River at Lokoja
Niger River at Lokoja average, minimum and maximum discharge (1946 to 2023):
  Water year
 Discharge (m3/s)
  Water year
 Discharge (m3/s) Min Mean Max Min MeanMax1946/477884,82416,6001985/861,1104,60115,8001947/481,0106,25821,0001986/871,2104,02711,4001948/499156,42720,9001987/881,3903,84911,8001949/508425,84919,2001988/891,0704,61515,1001950/519354,75515,0001989/901,1105,58916,3001951/521,2906,66220,4001990/911,7905,04514,8001952/532,2605,67418,3001991/921,7706,38718,4001953/541,8406,40518,5001992/931,9305,57015,3001954/552,1307,73324,9001993/941,9494,90811,8951955/562,4008,24724,6001994/951,9455,91520,4181956/571,8705,39418,1001995/961,9456,28417,7131957/581,4807,76923,6001996/972,1036,02019,9141958/592,0204,82814,7001997/982,4065,67715,5481959/601,5305,22818,3001998/992,3157,17523,4911960/611,2506,70722,2001999/002,6187,65223,0901961/629794,91215,5002000/012,1128,50432,0801962/631,1507,10124,1002001/022,1575,33818,8851963/641,7106,76420,5002002/032,0005,29717,0121964/651,1606,12820,8002003/041,5926,22519,0251965/661,3105,91418,6002004/052,1075,68316,0981966/671,3206,54520,0002005/061,8014,84913,7921967/689285,81219,7002006/071,7815,29119,3891968/691,7206,55818,8002007/082,2276,76719,9411969/701,6307,92723,5002008/091,5356,16120,4261970/711,6406,22920,1002009/102,1017,63720,5341971/721,2705,36017,6002010/112,1667,22521,2721972/731,4104,48914,4002011/121,8355,73616,9121973/748393,69812,2002012/131,7318,61231,6921974/758325,27517,1002013/141,5465,78316,4301975/761,3005,84819,6002014/151,5706,35219,6641976/771,3205,13612,0002015/161,7536,05427,2851977/781,3104,66215,5002016/172,5506,55520,6131978/791,0805,63617,0002017/182,0586,78121,0201979/801,2105,51017,8002018/192,0467,90025,6121980/811,4005,21516,7002019/201,5948,75124,8001981/821,3405,31218,4002020/212,1317,57028,0821982/831,3304,27011,6002021/222,0215,91317,6881983/848622,8779,1802022/231,9978,28833,1361984/858623,0588,4902023/242,1077,49120,578

معاون نديون
The main tributaries from the mouth:
  Left
tributary
  Right
tributary
  Length
(km)
  Basin size
(km2)
  Average discharge
(m3/s)Niger DeltaSombreiro601,50065Warri1001,30038.3Okpare401,10073.1Eriola501,00030.8Ase (Asse)1803,500133.6Orashi2052,800147.8Lower NigerAnambra25614,014400.3Otaw401,10048.9Awele (Edien)803,300111.2Ubo701,40025.8Aguro701,90028.9Oiryi (Oji)67.7292715.7Benue1,400338,3853,477Gurara57015,254183.9Epu8080011.7Etsuan701,45016.6Kampe1759,560126.5Gbako1567,54089.8Kaduna57565,878641.5Oro1134,50071Yunko701,69815.9Oyi1202,10030.2Oshin1252,13227.5Awun115.56,30081Eku903,23025.3Moshi232.229,40069.5Oli30011,20086.6Kontagora1504,50030.8Tama559004Menai801,3008.7Swashi1001,50010.4Kpan701,80011.6Malendo2209,12762.9Baduru751,5009.8Dan Zakhi1103,00026.7Sokoto628193,000294.1Shodu1003,90022.3Dallol Maouri25072,55110.5Sota25413,50050.3Alibori40813,65055.6Diare902,0005.6Middle NigerDallol Bosso350556,0004.4Mékrou41010,63532.5Tapoa2605,50010.2Diamangou2004,4005.5Goroubi43315.50010.2Sirba43939,13827.2Gorouol25060,8429Tilemsi93,920Inner DeltaBani1,100129,400559Upper NigerSankarani67933,288305.6Fié2104,04531.7Koda (Koba)804,9407.7Tinkisso57019,430181Milo43013,590188Niandan30012,930251Mafou1604,07562.3Niantan6012.1Bale8031.6

ٻاهريان ڳنڍڻا
 Information and a map of the Niger's watershed on http://www.wri.org/resources 
 Map of the Niger River basin at Water Resources eAtlas (link broken)
 Niger Currents: Exploring life and technology along the Niger River


International law and the Niger River
 Bibliography on Water Resources and International Law  Peace Palace Library


زمرو:بينن
زمرو:گني
زمرو:مالي
زمرو:نائيجر
زمرو:نائيجيريا
زمرو:دریاھہ ۽ نديون
زمرو:جاگرافي آفريڪا
زمرو:آفريڪا جا درياهه
زمرو:نائجيريا جي جاگرافي

Category:Benin–Niger border
Category:International rivers of Africa
Category:Inner Niger Delta
Category:Physiographic sections
Category:Rivers of Benin
Category:Rivers of Guinea
Category:Rivers of Mali
Category:Rivers of Niger
Category:Rivers of Nigeria
Category:Border rivers
Category:Lowest points of countries

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