Voivodeships o Poland

The voivodeship,Spelt "voivodship," "voievodship," "voievodeship" an aw. or province,The wurd "voivodeship" appears in some lairger Inglis dictionaries, such as the OED an Webster's Third New International Dictionary, but it is no in common uisage. Thus, tae facilitate unnerstaundin ootside Poland, the wird "province" is a recommendit translation: "Jednostki podziału administracyjnego Polski tłumaczymy tak: województwo—province..." ("Pols admeenistrative units are translatit as follaes:  województwo—province...").  Arkadiusz Belczyk, "Tłumaczenie polskich nazw geograficznych na język angielski"  ("Translation of Polish Geographical Names into English"), 2002-2006. Examples: New Provinces of Poland (1998) , Map of Poland , English names of Polish provinces . More examples:
"Follaein the reform o the admeenistrative structure in 1973-1975, the number o provinces (województwa) wis increased frae 22 tae 49...  [I]ncreasin the number o provinces meant the reduction o each in size.  In this wey Warsaw wis able tae dilute the poleetical importance o the provincial pairty chiefs."  "Poland", The Encyclopedia Americana, 1986, volume 22, p. 312.
"Poland is divided into 49 provinces."  "Poland", The Columbia Encyclopedia, sixth edition, edited by Paul Lagassé, Columbia University Press, 2000, p. 2256.
"Local government in Poland is organized on three levels.  The largest units, at the regional level, are the województwa (provinces)..."  "Poland", Encyclopaedia Britannica, 15th edition, 2010, Macropaedia, volume 25, p. 937.
"GOVERNMENT... Administrative divisions:  16 provinces (wojewodztwa, singular–wojewodztwo)..."  "Poland," in Central Intelligence Agency, The CIA World Factbook 2010, New York, Skyhorse Publishing, Inc., 2009, ISBN 9781602397279, p. 546.  The same information appears in the current online CIA World Factbook --> "Poland --> Administrative divisions".   Note that in this source, where "English translations" of province names are given, they are in the noun ("Silesia"), not the adjective ("Silesian"), form. cried in Pols województwo  (plural województwa), haes been a heich-level admeenistrative subdiveesion o Poland syne the 14t century.

The Pols local govrenment reforms adoptit in 1998, which went intae effect on 1 Januar 1999, creatit saxteen new voivodeships. Thir replacit the 49 umwhile voivodeships that haed existit frae 1 Julie 1975.

The day's voivodeships are maistly namit efter historical an geografical regions, while those prior tae 1998 generally teuk thair names frae the ceeties on which thay wur centered. The new units range in aurie frae unner  (Opole Voivodeship) tae ower  (Masovian Voivodeship), an in population frae ane million (Lubusz Voivodeship) tae ower five million (Masovian Voivodeship).

Admeenistrative authority at voivodeship level is shared atween a govrenment-appointit govrenor cried a voivode (Pols wojewoda), an electit assembly cried a sejmik, an an executive chosen bi that assembly. The leader o that executive is cried the marszałek województwa (voivodeship marshal). Voivodeships are further dividit intae powiats (coonties) an gminas (communes or municipalities): see Administrative diveesion o Poland.

Voivodeships syne 1999

Admeenistrative pouers
Competences an pouers at voivodeship level are shared beatween the voivode (govrenor), the sejmik (regional assembly) an the executive. In maist cases thir institutions are aw based in ane ceety, but in Kuyavie-Pomeranie an Lubusz Voivodeship the voivode's offices are in a different ceety frae those o the executive an the sejmik. Voivodeship caipitals are leetit in the table belaow.

The voivode is appointit bi the Prime Meenister an is the regional representative o the central govrenment. The voivode acts as the heid o central govrenment institutions at regional level (sic as the polis an fire services, passport offices, an various inspectorates), manages central govrenment property in the region, owersees the functionin o local govrenment, coordinates actions in the field o public safety an environment pertection, an exercises special pouers in emergencies. The voivode's offices collectively are kent as the urząd wojewódzki.

The sejmik is electit ivery fower years, at the same time as the local authorities at powiat an gmina level. It passes bylaws, includin the voivodeship's development strategies an budget. It elects the marszałek an ither memmers o the executive, an haulds them tae accoont.

The executive (zarząd województwa), heidit bi the marszałek, drafts the budget an development strategies, implements the resolutions o the sejmik, manages the voivodeship's property, an deals wi mony aspects o regional policy, includin management o European Union fundin. Its offices collectively are kent as the urząd marszałkowski.

Map an table o voivodeships

+ File:Poland administrative division 1999 literki.pngPols voivodeships syne 1999 Abbreviation Coat oairms code   caur  plates Voivodeship Caipital Aurie km² Population (31 December 2003) Population (Juin 30, 2004) DS 50px 02 D Lawer Silesie (dolnośląskie) Wrocław 19 947.76 2 898 313 2 895 729 KP 50px 04 C Kuyavian-Pomeranian (kujawsko-pomorskie) Bydgoszcz¹Toruń² 17 969.72 2 068 142 2 067 548 LU 50px 06 L Lublin (lubelskie) Lublin 25 114.48 2 191 172 2 187 918 LB 50px 08 F Lubusz (lubuskie) Gorzów Wielkopolski¹Zielona Góra² 13 984.44 1 008 786 1 009 177 LD 50px 10 E Łódź (łódzkie) Łódź 18 219.11 2 597 094 2 592 568 MP 50px 12 K Lesser Poland (małopolskie) Kraków 15 144.10 3 252 949 3 256 171 MA 50px 14 W Masovie (mazowieckie) Warsaw 35 597.80 5 135 732 5 139 545 OP 50px 16 O Opolskie Opole 9 412.47 1 055 667 1 053 723 PK 50px 18 R Podkarpackie Rzeszów 17 926.28 2 097 248 2 097 325 PD 50px 20 B Podlaskie (podlaskie) Białystok 20 179.58 1 205 117 1 204 036 PM 50px 22 G Pomeranie (pomorskie) Gdańsk 18 292.88 2 188 918 2 192 404 SL 50px 24 S Silesie (śląskie) Katowice 12 294.04 4 714 982 4 707 825 SW 50px 26 T Świętokrzyskie Kielce 11 672.34 1 291 598 1 290 176 WM 50px 28 N Warmie-Masurie (warmińsko-mazurskie) Olsztyn 24 202.95 1 428 885 1 428 385 WP 50px 30 P Greater Poland (wielkopolskie) Poznań 29 825.59 3 359 932 3 362 011 ZP 50px 32 Z Wast Pomeranie (zachodniopomorskie) Szczecin 22 901.48 1 696 073 1 695 708  (¹)seat o voivode, (²)seat o sejmik an marszałek

 See an aw 

 Voivodeships o Poland (1975–1998)
 Admeenistrative diveesion o the Pols–Lithuanie Commonwalth
 ISO 3166-2:PL
Prowincja
 Regions o Poland
 Voivodeship

Notes

 Freemit airtins 
 Regions o Poland 
Toponymic Guidelines Of Poland for Map Editors and Other Users  Heid Office O Geodesy And Cartography, 2002
 CIA World Factbook --> "Poland --> Administrative divisions" 


Category:Subdiveesions o Poland
Poland, Voivodeships
Poland 1
Voivodeships, Poland