Shinjuku

is ane o the 23 special wairds o Tokyo, Japan. It is a major commercial an admeenistrative centre, hoosin the busiest train station in the warld (Shinjuku Station) an the Tokyo Metropolitan Govrenment Biggin, the admeenistration centre for the govrenment o Tokyo.

As o 2008, the waird haes an estimatit population o 312,418 an a density o 17,140 persons per km². The tot aurie is 18.23 km².Shinjuku Ceety 

Geografie
Surroondin Shinjuku are sax ither wairds: Chiyoda tae the east; Bunkyo an Toshima tae the north; Nakano tae the wast, an Shibuya an Minato tae the sooth.Tokyo Special Wards Map

Neebourheids
Awtho the aurie immediately surroondin Shinjuku Station is hame tae hotels, depairtment stores, specialist electronic an camera shops, cinemas, restaurants, an bars, the rest o the ceety is a mix o residential wi commercial auries concentratit aroond railwey stations.

Notable auries o Shinjuku include:
 Ichigaya: A commercial aurie in eastren Shinjuku, steid o the Meenistry o Defense.
 Golden Gai: An aurie o sma shanty-style bars an clubs. Muisickers, airtists, actors an directors gather here, an the ramshackle waws o the bars are literally plastered wi film posters.
 Kabukichō: A reid-licht destrict well-kent for its bars, restaurants, an sex-relatit establishments.
 Kagurazaka: Ance ane o Tokyo's last remainin hanamachi or geisha destricts. Whiles nicknamit "Little Paris," Kagurazaka currently hosts a sizable French community.japanvisitor.com
 Nishi-Shinjuku: Hame tae Tokyo's lairgest concentration o skyscrapers. Several o the tawest biggins in Tokyo are locatit in this aurie, includin the Tokyo Metropolitan Govrenment Biggin, KDDI Biggin an Pairk Touer. Locatit wast o Shinjuku Station.
 Ōkubo: Tokyo's best-kent Korean destrict.
 Shinjuku Gyoen is a lairge pairk, 58.3 hectares, 3.5 km in circumference, blendin Japanese traditional, Inglis Landscape an French Formal style gardens.
 Shinjuku Ni-chōme: Tokyo's best-kent gay destrict.
 Takadanobaba an Waseda: The aurie atween Waseda University, ane o the maist prestigious private varsities in Japan, an Takadanobaba Station is a major residential an nichtlife aurie for students.
 Yotsuya: An upscale residential an commercial destrict; the Arakichō aurie is well-kent for its mony sma restaurants, bars, an izakaya.

History
In 1634, durin the Edo period, as the ooter moat o the Edo Castle wis biggit, a nummer o temples an shrines muivit tae the Yotsuya aurie on the wastren edge o Shinjuku. In 1698, Naitō-Shinjuku haed developit as a new (shin) station (shuku or juku) on the Kōshū Kaidō, ane o the major highways o that era. Naitō wis the faimily name o a daimyo whose mansion stuid in the aurie; his land is nou a public pairk, the Shinjuku Gyoen.

In 1920, the toun o Naitō-Shinjuku that comprisit lairge pairts o present-day Shinjuku, pairts o Nishi-Shinjuku an Kabukichō wis integratit intae Tokyo Ceety. Shinjuku began tae develop intae its current form efter the Great Kantō earthquake in 1923, syne the seismically stable aurie lairgely escapit the devastation. Consequently, Wast Shinjuku is ane o the few auries in Tokyo wi mony skyscrapers.

The Tokyo air raids frae Mey tae August 1945 destroyed amaist 90% o the biggins in the aurie in an aroond Shinjuku Station.History of Shinjuku  The pre-war form o Shinjuku, an the rest o Tokyo, for that matter, wis retained efter the war acause the roads an rails, damaged as thay wur, remained, an thir formit the hert o the Shinjuku in the post-war construction. Anerlie in Kabuki-cho wis a grand reconstruction plan put intae action.Ichikawa, 2003

The present waird wis established on 15 Mairch 1947 wi the merger o the umwhile wairds o Yotsuya, Ushigome, an Yodobashi. It servit as pairt o the athletics 50 km walk an marathon course durin the 1964 Simmer Olympics.1964 Summer Olympics official report.  Volume 2. Part 1. p. 74.

In 1991, the Tokyo Metropolitan Govrenment muivit frae the Marunouchi destrict o Chiyoda tae the current biggin in Shinjuku. (The Tokyo International Forum stands on the umwhile steid vacatit bi the govrenment.)

Economy
Mony companies hae thair heidquarters or Tokyo offices in Shinjuku.

 NTT East haes its heidquarters in the Shinjuku.
 Seiko Epson's Tokyo office is in the Shinjuku NS Building in Nishi-Shinjuku."Head Office & Japanese Facilities ." Seiko Epson. Retrieved on January 13, 2009.
 Atlus haes its heidquarters in Kagurazaka."Contact Us." Atlus. Retrieved on February 13, 2009.
 Nissin Foods's Tokyo offices are in Shinjuku."Company Profile." Nissin Foods. Retrieved on August 15, 2009.
 Airtransse, a regional airline, haes its heidquarters near Shinjuku Gyoen."会社概要." Airtransse. Retrieved on May 20, 2009.
 Shinchosha haes its heidquarters in Yaraichō, Shinjuku"会社情報." Shinchosha. Retrieved on June 17, 2011. "〒162-8711 東京都新宿区矢来町71"
 Futabasha haes its heidquarters in Higashigokenchō, Shinjuku"会社概要." Futabasha. Retrieved on January 7, 2011. "所在地 〒162-8540　東京都新宿区東五軒町3-28" (GIF map of location) (PDF of location)
 Yoshinoya haes its heidquarters in the  in Shinjuku."会社概要 ." Yoshinoya. Retrieved on February 25, 2010.
 H.I.S.'s headquarters is in the Shinjuku Oak Touer in Nishi-Shinjuku"Company Info ." H.I.S. Retrieved on March 11, 2010.
 Taisei Corporation haes its heidquarters in Nishi-Shinjuku."Corporate Data ." Taisei Corporation. Retrieved on February 20, 2012. "Head Office 1-25-1, Nishi-Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 163-0606"
 Jorudan haes its heidquarters in Shinjuku."About Us." Jorudan. Retrieved on September 12, 2010. "Zip Code 160-0022 2-1-9 Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan""Headquarter." Jorduan. Retrieved on January 7, 2011. "ZIP 160-0022 2-1-9 Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan" (map)
In Mairch 1990 the heidquarters o Bandai Visual muivit tae the Shinjuku neebourheid in Shinjuku Waird. In August 1991 the heidquarters muivit tae Taitō, Tokyo."History ." Bandai Visual. Retrieved on March 16, 2010. Previously the heidquarters o MOS Burger wur in Shinjuku."Outline." MOS Burger. April 17, 2001. Retrieved on January 6, 2011. "Headquarters 22, Tansu-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8501, Japan." Address in Japanese: "本社所在地 〒162-8501　東京都新宿区箪笥町22番地" Map in Japanese

Govrenment an politics
Lik the ither wairds o Tokyo, Shinjuku haes a status equivalent tae that o a ceety. The current mayor is Hiroko Nakayama. The  consists o 38 electit members; the Leeberal Democratic Pairty an New Komeitō Pairty thegether currently hauld a majority. The Democratic Pairty o Japan, Japanese Communist Pairty an the Social Democratic Pairty are an aw representit thegither wi fower independents. Shinjuku's  is locatit on the sootheastren edge o Kabukichō.

Shinjuku is the location o the metropolitan govrenment o Tokyo anaw. The govrenor's office, the metropolitan assembly chamber, an aw admeenistrative heid offices are locatit in the Tokyo Metropolitan Govrenment Biggin.

Elections
 Shinjuku local election, 2004
 Shinjuku mayoral election, 2006
 Shinjuku local election, 2007

Transportation

Shinjuku is a major urban transit hub. JR Shinjuku Station sees an estimatit 3.64 million passengers pass throu each day, makkin it the busiest station in the warld. It hooses interchynges tae three subwey lines an three privately awned commuter lines, as well as several JR lines.

Rail
A leet o railwey lines passin throu an stations locatit athin Shinjuku includes:
 JR East
 Yamanote Line: , , Shinjuku
 Chūō Line (Rapid), Chūō-Sōbu Line: , , Shinjuku, 
 Saikyō Line, Shōnan-Shinjuku Line: Shinjuku
 Tokyo Metro
 Marunouchi Line: Yotsuya, , , , Shinjuku, 
 Yūrakuchō Line: Ichigaya, 
 Tōzai Line: , , Takadanobaba, 
 Fukutoshin Line: , , Shinjuku-sanchōme
 Namboku Line: Iidabashi, Ichigaya, Yotsuya
 Tokyo Metropolitan Bureau of Transportation
 Toei Shinjuku Line: , Shinjuku-sanchōme, Shinjuku
 Toei Ōedo Line: , , , , , , , , Higashi-Shinjuku, 
 Toden Arakawa Line: Omokagebashi, Waseda
 Odakyū Electric Railway Odawara Line: Shinjuku
 Keio Corporation Keiō Line, Keiō New Line: Shinjuku
 Seibu Railway Seibu Shinjuku Line: , Takadanobaba, , Nakai

Roads
Shuto Expressway:
 No.4 Shinjuku Route (Miyakezaka JCT - Takaido)
 No.5 Ikebukuro Route (Takebashi JCT - Bijogi JCT)

Naitional heich-gates:
 Naitional Route 20 (Shinjuku-dōri, Kōshū-kaidō)

Ither major routes:
 Tokyo Metropolitan Route 8 (Mejiro-dōri, Shin-Mejiro-dōri)
 Tokyo Metropolitan Route 302 (Yasukuni-dōri, Ōme-kaidō)
 Tokyo Metropolitan Route 305 (Meiji-dōri)

Education
Colleges an universities
 Chuo University graduate schuil
 Gakushuin Women's College
 Japan Electronics College
 Keio University Medical College
 Kogakuin University
 Lakeland College Japan
 Mejiro University
 Tokyo Fuji University
 Tokyo Medical University
 Tokyo University o Science
 Tokyo Women's Medical University
 Waseda University

Schuils
Public elementary an junior heich schuils in Shinjuku are operatit bi the Shinjuku Ceety Buird o Education. Public heich schuils are operatit bi the Tokyo Metropolitan Govrenment Buird o Education.
Koishikawa Technical Heich Schuil
Ichigaya Commercial Heich Schuil
Shinjuku Heich Schuil
Shinjuku Yamabuki Heich Schuil
Toyama Heich Schuil

Public institutions

Libraries
Shinjuku operates several public libraries, includin the Central Library (wi the Childer's Library), the Yotsuya Library, the Tsurumaki Library, Tsunohazu Library, the Nishi-Ochiai Library, the Toyama Library, the Kita-Shinjuku Library, the Okubo Library, an the Nakamachi Library. In addition thare is a branch leebrar, Branch Library o Central Library in the Ceety Office, locatit in the ceety office.

Hospitals
Thare are several major hospitals locatit athin the ceety leemits.

 Keio University Hospital
 International Medical Center o Japan
 Social Insurance Chūō General Hospital
 Tokyo Medical University Hospital
 Tokyo Women's Medical University Hospital
 Tokyo Metropolitan Health an Medical Treatment Corporation Ohkubo Hospital

Cultural centers
Museums
 Naitional Printin Bureau Banknote an Postage Stamp Museum
 Naitional Museum o Natur an Science, Shinjuku Branch
 Shinjuku Historical Museum
 Tokyo Fire Department Museum

Haws
 Tokyo Opera City
 Shinjuku Bunka Center
 WelCity Tokyo
 Meiji Yasuda Life Hall
 Shinjuku Koma Theater

Sichtseein
Shinjuku is hame tae mony well-kent sichts an tourist attractions.
 Shinjuku Gyoen
 Shinjuku Central Park (Shinjuku Chūō Kōen)
 Tokyo Metropolitan Government Building (designed bi renouned architect Kenzo Tange)
 Park Hyatt Tokyo an Park Touer (featurt in the film Lost in Translation)
 Waseda University's Ōkuma Auditorium
 Waseda El Dorado biggin
 Meiji Shrine Outer Gardens an the Meiji Memorial Picture Gallery

Sister ceeties
Shinjuku haes sister ceety greements wi several localities:Friendship cities

  Lambeth, Lunnon, Unitit Kinrick
  Lefkada, Greece
  Mitte, Berlin, Germany
  Dongcheng, Beijing, Fowkrepublic o Cheenae

References

Freemit airtins

 Shinjuku Ceety offeecial wabsteid 
 Shinjuku Ceety offeecial wabsteid  

 Shinjuku  Airchitectur an Cairt


Category:1964 Summer Olympic venues
Category:Olympic athletics venues
Category:Wairds o Tokyo