Sukhumi

Sukhumi (, Aqwa; , Sokhumi; , Sukhum or Sukhumi) is the caipital o Abkhazie, a disputit region on the Black Sea coast. The ceety suffered hivily durin the Georgian-Abkhaz conflict in the early 1990s.

 Namin 
In Abkhaz, the ceety is kent as  (Aqwa) which accordin tae native tradeetion signifies water.

In Georgian, the ceety is kent as  (Sokhumi) or აყუ (Aqu),http://www.abkhazworld.com/Pdf/Abkhaz_Loans_in_Megrelian_Chirikba.pdf, p. 65 in Megrelian as აყუჯიხა (Aqujikha),Otar Kajaia, 2001–2004, Megrelian-Georgian Dictionary (entry aq'ujixa). an in Roushie as  (Sukhum) or  (Sukhumi). The etymology o the form Sokhumi is disputit. The ceety wis earlier kent in Turkis as Suhum-Kale, which can be read tae mean 'watter-sand fortress'.   Alternatively, it haes been proposed that the ceety haed already afore been kent as Tskhumi in Georgian, an that aw thir forms (includin the Turkis) fynd thair oreegin herein. Tskhumi in turn then is derived frae the Svan leid wird for 'het'Room, A. (2005), Placenames of the World: Origins and Meanings of the Names for 6,600 Countries, Cities, Territories, Natural Features and Historic Sites. McFarland & Company, Inc., Publishers, Jefferson, North Carolina, and London, ISBN 0-7864-2248-3, p. 361, or the Georgian wird for 'hornbeam tree'. The competin etymologies hae been uised as putative evidence in the argument ower the ethnicity o Sukhumi's historical indwallers.

The endin -i in the abuin forms represents the Georgian nominative-suffix. The toun wis initially offeecially describit in Roushie as  (Sukhum), till 16 August 1936 when this wis chynged tae  (Sukhumi). This remained sae till 4 December 1992, when the Supreme Cooncil o Abkhazie restored the "oreeginal" version  , that wis approved in Roushie in hairst 2008Абхазию и Южную Осетию на картах в РФ выкрасят в "негрузинские" цвета, even tho  is an aa still bein uised.

In Inglis, the maist common form the day is Sukhumi, awtho Sokhumi is uised as well bi some soorces, includin Encyclopædia Britannica"Sokhumi". (2006). In Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved November 6, 2006, from Encyclopædia Britannica Online:   an MSN Encarta."Sokhumi". (2006). In Encarta. Retrieved November 6, 2006:  

Historically, Sukhumi wis first cawed  (Dioskurias) bi the Greeks, then frae the time o Emperor o Rome Augustus onwards  (Sebastopolis)Hewitt, George (1998) The Abkhazians: a handbook St. Martin's Press, New York, p. 62, ISBN 0-312-21975-X till it became Suhum-kail unner the Ottomans.

 General information 
Sukhumi is locatit on a wide bay o the eastren coast o the Black Sea an serves as a port, rail junction an a holiday resort. It is kent for its beaches, sanatoriums, mineral-watter spas an semitropical climate. Sukhumi is an aa an important air link for Abkhazie as the Sukhumi Dranda Airport is locatit nearbi the ceety. Sukhumi contains a nummer o sma-tae-medium size hotels servin chiefly the Roushie tourists. Sukhumi botanical garden wis established in 1840, ane o the auldest botanical gardens in the Caucasus.

The ceety haes a nummer o research institutes, the Abkhazian State University an the Sukhumi Branch o the Tbilisi State University (currently functionin in Tbilisi). In Soviet times, it contained a renouned ape breedin station. Frae 1945 tae 1954 the ceety's electron pheesics laboratory wis involved in the Soviet program tae develop nuclear wappens.

The ceety is a member o the International Black Sea Club.International Black Sea Club, members 

 Twin touns - sister ceeties 
  Podolsk, Roushie
 / Tiraspol, Transnistrie

 References 


Category:Milesian Pontic colonies
Category:Auncient Greek ceeties
Category:Caipitals in Asie
Category:Caipitals in Europe
Category:Port ceeties in Asie
Category:Port ceeties in Europe
Category:Black Sea
Category:Greek colonies in Georgie (kintra)