Seine-Saint-Denis

Seine-Saint-Denis () is a French depairtment locatit in the Île-de-France region. In local slang, it is kent as "quatre-vingt treize" (i.e. "ninety-three") or "neuf trois" (i.e. "nine three"), efter the offeecial admeenistrative nummer o the depairtment, 93. 
The indwallers is cried Séquano-Dionysiens.

 Geografie 
Seine-Saint-Denis is locatit tae the northeast o Paris. It haes a surface aurie o anerly 236 km², makkin it ane o the smawest depairtments in Fraunce. Seine-Saint-Denis an twa ither sma depairtments, Hauts-de-Seine an Val-de-Marne, form a ring aroond Paris, kent as the Petite Couronne ("little croun"). Thay fuirm, thegither wi Paris an fower ither depairtments, the region o Île-de-France.
Image:Petite couronne.png

 Admeenistration
Seine-Saint-Denis is made up o 3 depairtmental arrondissements an 40 communes:

300px
<table>
  Arrondissement oSaint-Denis
  Arrondissement oBobigny
  Arrondissement oLe Raincy
Saint-Ouen
Aubervilliers
Saint-Denis
L'Île-Saint-Denis
Épinay-sur-Seine
Villetaneuse
Pierrefitte-sur-Seine
Stains
La Courneuve
<ol start=10>
<li>Dugny
<li>Le Bourget
<li>Drancy
<li>Bobigny
<li>Bondy
<li>Les Pavillons-sous-Bois
<li>Noisy-le-Sec
<li>Romainville
<li>Pantin
<li>Le Pré-Saint-Gervais
<li>Les Lilas
<li>Bagnolet
<li>Montreuil
<li>Rosny-sous-Bois
<li>Villemomble
<ol start=25>
<li>Neuilly-Plaisance
<li>Neuilly-sur-Marne
<li>Noisy-le-Grand
<li>Gournay-sur-Marne
<li>Gagny
<li>Le Raincy
<li>Clichy-sous-Bois
<li>Montfermeil
<li>Coubron
<li>Vaujours
<li>Livry-Gargan
<li>Sevran
<li>Aulnay-sous-Bois
<li>Le Blanc-Mesnil
<li>Villepinte
<li>Tremblay-en-France
</tr>
</table>

 History 
Seine-Saint-Denis wis creatut in Januar 1968, throu the implementation o a law passed in Julie 1964. It wis formit frae the pairt o the (hitherto lairger) Seine depairtment tae the north an north-east o the Paris ring road (an the line o the auld ceety waws), thegither wi a sma slice takken frae Seine-et-Oise.

Seine-Saint-Denis haes a history as a veritable left-wing stranghauld, belangin the ceinture rouge (red belt) o Paris. The French Communist Pairty inspecially haes maintained a continued strang presence in the depairtment, an still controls the ceety cooncils in ceeties lik Saint-Denis, Bobigny, Le Blanc-Mesnil an La Courneuve. Till 2008, Seine-Saint-Denis an Val-de-Marne wis the anerlie depairtments whare the Communist Pairty haed a majority in the general cooncils but the 2008 cantonal elections saw the socialists acome the strangest group at the Seine-Saint-Denis general cooncil (while the Communist Pairty gained a majority in Allier).

A commune o Seine-Saint-Denis, Clichy-sous-Bois, wis the scene o the daith o twa young fowk whilk spairkit the naitionwide riots o hairst 2005. In October - November, 9,000 caurs wur burned an 3,000 rioters wur arrestit.

 Demographics 
Seine-Saint-Denis is the French depairtment wi the heichest proportion o immigrants: 21.7% at the 1999 census (see table belaw). This figur disna include the childer o immigrants born on French soil as weel as some native elites frae umwhile French colonies an fowk wha came frae owerseas Fraunce. The ratio o ethnic minorities is difficult tae estimate accurately as French law prohibits the collection o ethnic data for census takkin purposes. Housomeivver estimates suggest thare 500,000 Muslims oot o a tot population o 1.4 million. Saint-Denis is hame tae the Union o French Islamic Organizations (UOIF) in the Bourget destrict, which annually hosts ane o Europe's major Muslim conferences, Paris-le-Bourget.

In 2005, 56.7 % o young unner 18 wur o foreign oreegin includin 38% o African origin (22% frae Maghreb an 16% frae Sub-Saharan Africae). Islam is the main releegion.Michèle Tribalat, Michèle Tribalat : "L'islam reste une menace", Le Monde, 13 octobre 2011Michèle Tribalat, Les yeux grands fermés, Denoël, 2010

Place o birth o residents

 Culture 
A nummer o hip hop airtists come frae Seine-Saint-Denis, includin ane o the first major hip hop baunds in Fraunce, Suprême NTM (JoeyStarr an Kool Shen), as weel as Lord Kossity, or mair recent acts like Tandem, Sofiane Zermani or Sefyu.

 Miscellaneous topics 
Seine-Saint-Denis wis scheduled tae be the steid o a 2004 Internaitional Exhibition. Housomeivver this event wis cancelled.

References

Freemit airtins
  Prefectur wabsteid