Bugatti Type 13

The Type 13 wis the first real Bugatti caur.  Production o the Type 13 an later Types 15, 17, 22, an 23, began wi the company's foondin in 1910 an lastit throu 1920 wi 435 examples produced.  Maist road caurs uised an 8-valve ingine, tho five Type 13 racers haed 16-valve heids, ane o the first iver produced.  The road caurs became kent as "pur-sang" ("thoroughbred") in keepin wi Ettore Bugatti's feelins for his designs.

The caur wis brocht back efter Warld War I wi multi-valve ingines tae bring fame tae the marque at Brescia.  The production "Brescia Tourer" brocht in muckle-needit cash forby.

Pre-war

Type 10

The Bugatti automobile wis prototyped as the Type 10 in Ettore Bugatti's basement in 1908 an 1909 while he wis chief ingineer at Deutz Gasmotoren Fabrik in Cologne, Germany.

The Type 10 uised a monoblocGeorgano, G. N. Cars: Early and Vintage, 1886-1930. (London: Grange-Universal, 1985) straight-fower ingine o Ettore's awn design. it wis an owerheid cam unit wi 2 valves per cylinder, heichlie advanced for the time. A vera-unnersquare design, it haed a 60 mm bore an 100 mm stroke for a tot o 1.1 L (1131 cc/69 in3). This wis attacht tae an open roadster body wi solid axles front an rear. Leaf springs suspendit the front wi nae suspension at aw in the rear. Cables operatit rear drum brakes.

On endin his contract wi Deutz, Ettore loadit his faimily intae the Type 10 an heidit tae the Alsace region o Fraunce leukin for a factory tae begin producin caurs o his awn.

The caur wis preserved an nicknamed "la baignoire" ("the bathtub") bi the staff at Molsheim in later years due tae its shape. Ettore restored it in 1939 an repaintit it an orange-red colour, earnin it a new nickname, "le homard" ("the lobster"). It wis moved tae Bordeaux for the duration o Warld War II an remained thare for decades afore fallin intae private awnership.  The day, the caur is in Californie in the haunds o a private collector.

Type 13

Upon stairtin operations at his new factory in Molsheim, Bugatti refined his licht shaft-driven caur intae the Type 13 racer.  This includit borin the ingine oot tae 65 mm for a tot o 1.4 L (1368 cc/83 in3).  A major advance wis the 4-valve heid Bugatti designed — ane o the first o its type iver conceived.  Pouer ootput wi dual Zenith Carburetters reached 30 hp (22 kW) at 4500 rpm, mair nor adequate for the 660 lb (300 kg) caur.  Leaf springs wur nou fittit aw aroond, an the caur rode on a roughly 2 m (79 in) wheelbase.

The new company produced five examples in 1910, an entered the French Grand Prix at Le Mans in 1911.  The tiny Bugatti leukit oot o place at the race, but calmly teuk seicont place efter seiven oors o racin.

Warld War I caused production tae halt in the disputit region.  Ettore teuk twa completit Type 13 caurs wi him tae Milan for the duration o the war, leavin the pairts for three mair buried near the factory. Efter the war, Bugatti returned, unearthed the pairts, an prepared five Type 13s for racin.

Type 15

The Type 15 wis a version o the Type 13 wi a lang 2400 mm (94.5 in) wheelbase.  It haed a sax-sidit radiator in front an semi-elliptic rear leaf springs.

Type 17

Anither version, the Type 17, wis an aa produced.  This uised a 2550 mm (100.4 in) wheelbase.  It shared its hexagonal radiator an rear springs wi the Type 15.

Type 22

The Type 15 wis updatit in 1913 as the Type 22.  It haed a lairger roadgoin body, an oval radiator, an quarter-circle springs.

Type 23

A 2-valve version o the Type 17 wi a boat-tail body wis biggit in 1913 as the Type 23.  It an aa haed the oval radiator o the Type 22.

Post-war

Type 13 Brescia

A Grand Prix for Voiturettes at Le Mans wis the anerlie French event o 1920, an Bugatti entered the twa completit caurs frae Milan an ane mair frae the remainin pairts.  Ettore's illegal act o placin a haund on the radiator cap durin the race brocht disqualification tae the leadin caur, housomeivver.

The Type 13 wis unbeatable.  Bugatti's caurs placed 1, 2, 3, 4 at the Brescia Grand Prix in 1921, an orders poured in.  Caipitalizin on this victory, aw subsequent 4-valve Bugatti models wad bear the Brescia moniker.

Thir wur the anerlie Bugatti models tae locate the carburettor on the left haund side o the ingine an the exhaust on the richt.  Front wheel brakes wur addit in 1926.

Type 23 Brescia Tourer
250px|right|thumb|Bugatti Type 23 Brescia 2-Seater Boattail 1925
Bugatti caipitalized on the racin success o the Type 13 "Brescia" wi the full-production post-war Brescia Tourer.  It uised the multi-valve Brescia ingine, an 2,000 examples wur biggit frae 1920 throu 1926, makin it the first full-production multi-valve caur iver made.

Notes

 Freemit airtins 
1925 Bugatti Brescia Type-22 found at bottom of lake, sells for 260,500 euros  - Radio France Internationale

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Category:First automobile made bi manufacurer
Category:Grand Prix caurs