Odessa Oblast

Odessa Oblast, an aa written as Odesa Oblast (, translit. Odeska oblast; an aa referred tae as Odeshchyna—), () is the lairgest an soothmaist oblast (province) o sooth-wastren Ukraine.  The admeenistrative center o the oblast is the ceety o Odessa.

 History 
The evidence o the earliest indwallers in this aurie comes frae the settlements an burial grunds o the Neolithic Gumelniţa, Cucuteni-Trypillian an Usatovo culturs, as well as tumuli an hoards o the Bronze Age Proto-Indo-Europeans. In the 1st millennium B.C. the Milesian Greeks biggit colonies alang the North Black Sea Coast, includin the touns o Olbia, Tyras, Niconium, Panticapaeum, an Chersonesus. The Greeks left ahint painted vessels, ceramics, sculpturs, inscriptions, airts an crafts that indicate the prosperity o thair auncient ceevilisation.

The cultur o Scythian tribes inhabitin the Black Sea littoral steppes is representit bi fynds frae settlements an burial grunds. Thare are wappen items, bronze cauldrons, ither utensils, adornments. Bi the beginnin o the 1st millennium A.D. the Sarmatians displaced the Scythians. In the 3rd–4t centuries A.D. the tribal alliance, representit bi the items o Chernyakhov cultur, wis creatit. Syne the middle o the first millennium the formation o Slavic fowk began. In the 9t century thay wur unitit intae a state wi Kiev as a centre. The Khazars, Polovtsy, Pechenegs wur the Slavs' neighbours durin the different times. The period o the 9t–14t centuries is reflectit bi the materials frae the settlements an ceeties o Kievan Rus', Belgorod, Caffa-Theodosia, Berezan Island.

Umwhile ruled bi the Ottoman Empire, the territory o the Odessa oblast passed intae Roushie an Soviet haunds in various stages atween the aichteent an 20t centuries. The Roushie Empire's expansion alang the Black Sea coast led tae the creation o the territory o Novorossiya, which wis colonised bi a variety o fowks, o whom the Roushies wur dominant. The Odessa oblast corresponds tae the maist wasterly portion o "New Roushie".

The oblast wis creatit on 27 Februar 1932 as pairt o the Ukrainian SSR. It wis expandit faur in 1954 bi absorbin Izmail Oblast (umwhile kent as Budjak region o Bessarabie).

 Geografie 

The oblast occupees an aurie o aroond 33,300 square kilometres (12,850 square miles). It is characterised bi lairgely flat steppes dividit bi the estuary o the Dniester river. Its Black Sea coast comprises numerous sandy beaches, estuaries an lagoons. The region's soils are renouned for thair fertility, an intensive agricultur is the mainstay o the local economy. The soothwast possesses mony orcharts an vinyairds, while arable crops are grown throughoot the region.

 Points o interest 
 Odessa Opera
 Akkerman fortress
 Potemkin Stairs

 Economy 

Significant branches o the oblast's economy are:
 ile refinin & chemicals processin
 transportation (important sea an river ports, ile pipelines an railwey);
 viticulture an ither forms o agricultur, notably the growin o wheat, maize, baurley, sunflouers an sugar beets.

The region's industrial capability is principally concentratit in an aroond Odessa.

 Demografics 

The oblast's population (as o 2004) is 2.4 million fowk, nearly 40% o whom live in the ceety o Odessa.

Significant Romanie (6.2%) an Bulgarie (6.1%) minorities reside in the province.Results of the 2001 All-Ukrainian population census for the Odessa oblast Thare is a sma Greek community in the ceety o Odessa.

Bulgaries an Moldovans / Romanies represent 21% an 13% respectively, o the population in the region o Budjak, athin Odessa oblast.

 Subdiveesions 
The Odessa Oblast is admeenistratively subdividit intae 26 raions (destricts) an 7 municipalities which are directly subordinate tae the oblast govrenment - (Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi an Chornomorsk), (Izmail, Podilsk, Teplodar, Yuzhne an the admeenistrative centre o the oblast, Odessa).


 Name   Ukrainian name  Aurie (km2)  Population 2015  Admeen.center Urban Population Anerly* Odessa  Одеса (місто)  139  1,010,490  Odessa (ceety)  1,010,490 Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi  Білгород-Дністровський (місто)  31   57,559  Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi (ceety)  57,559 Chornomorsk  Чорноморськ (місто)  25   72,553  Chornomorsk (ceety)  67,323 Izmail  Ізмаї́л (місто)  53  72,266  Izmail (ceety)  72,266  Podilsk   Подільськ  25  40,613  Podilsk (ceety)  40,613 Teplodar  Теплодар (місто)  3  10,277  Teplodar (ceety)  10,277 Yuzhne  Южне (місто)  9  32,149  Yuzhne (ceety)  32,149 Ananyiv Raion  Ананьївський (район)  1,050  26,999 Ananyiv  8,441 Artsyz Raion ^  Арцизький (район)  1,379  45,274  Artsyz  14,886 Balta Raion  Балтський (район)  1,317  41,666  Balta  18,940 Berezivka Raion  Березівський (район)  1,637  33,930  Berezivka  12,614 Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi Raion ^  Білгород-Дністровський (район)  1,852   60,774  Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi (ceety)  N/A * Bilyayivka Raion  Біляївський (район)  1,497  94,083  Biliaivka  14,334 Bolhrad Raion ^  Болградський (район)  1,364  69,148  Bolhrad  15,451 Ivanivka Raion  Іванівський (район)  1,162  26,604  Ivanivka  8,807 Izmail Raion *  Ізмаїльський (район)  1,194  51,584  Izmail (ceety)  N/A *  Kiliya Raion ^  Кілійський (район)  1,358  52,400  Kiliya  28,434  Kodyma Raion  Кодимський (район)  818  29,586  Kodyma  11,195  Kominternivske Raion  Комінтернівський (район)  1,499  71,158  Kominternivske  14,028  Liubashivka Raion  Любашівський (район)  1,100  30,688  Liubashivka  10,954  Mykolaivka Raion  Миколаївський (район)  1,093  16,127  Mykolaivka  2,850  Ovidiopol Raion  Овідіопольський (район)  829  78,941  Ovidiopol  32,486 Okny Raion  Окнянський (район)  1,013  20,186  Okny  5,338 Podilsk Raion  Подільський (район)  1,037  27,091  Podilsk (ceety)  N/A * Reni Raion ^  Ренійський (район)  861  58,352  Reni  25,527 Rozdilna Raion  Роздільнянський (район)  1,368  37,353  Rozdilna  19,003 Sarata Raion ^  Саратський (район)  1,474  45,057  Sarata  4,351 Savran Raion  Савранський (район)  617  19,083  Savran  6,420 Shyriaieve Raion  Ширяївський (район)  1,502  27,151  Shyriaieve  6,781 Tarutyne Raion ^  Тарутинський (район)  1,874  41,603  Tarutyne  12,932 Tatarbunary Raion ^  Татарбунарський (район)  1,748  38,825  Tatarbunary  10,988 Velyka Mykhailivka Raion  Великомихайлівський (район)  1,436  31,006  Velyka Mykhailivka  8,472 Zakharivka Raion  Захарівський (район)  956  20,233  Zakharivka  8,881

 Nomenclatur 

Maist o Ukraine's oblasts are named efter thair caipital ceeties, offeecially referred tae as "oblast centers" (, translit. oblasnyi tsentr). The name o each oblast is a relative adjective, formed bi addin a feminine suffix tae the name o respective centre ceety: Odessa is the centre o  the Odes’ka oblast’ (Odessa Oblast). Maist oblasts are an aa whiles referred tae in a feminine noun form, follaein the convention o traditional regional place names, endin wi the suffix "-shchyna", as is the case wi the Odessa Oblast, Odeshchyna.

 See an aa 
 Subdiveesions o Ukraine
 Kherson Govrenorate

 References 

 Freemit airtins 
 Odessa regional admeenistration hamepage 
 Maps o Odessa oblast Ceeties, Touns an Veelages


Category:Oblasts o Ukraine
Category:Bessarabie
Category:States an territories established in 1932