António de Oliveira Salazar

António de Oliveira Salazar, GColIH, GCTE, GCSE (; 28 Aprile 1889 – 27 Julie 1970) serd as the Prime Meenister o Portugal frae 1932 til 1968. He serd as actin Preses o the Republic for maist o 1951 an aw. He foondit an led the Estado Novo (New State), the authoritarian, richt-wing govrenment that presidit ower an controlled Portugal frae 1932 tae 1974.

Accordin tae some Portuguese conservative scholars lik Jaime Nogueira Pinto an Rui Ramos, his early reforms an policies alloued political an financial stabeelity an therefore social order an economic growth, efter the politically unstable an financially tapsalteerie years o the Portuguese First Republic (1910–1926). Ither historians pynt oot that Salazar's policies led tae the kintra's economic an social stagnation an nimious emigration, turnin Portugal in ane o the puirest kintras in Europe an accompanied bi ane o the heichest rates o illiteracy.

Salazar's program wis opposed te communism, socialism, an liberalism. It wis clerical, conservative, an naitionalistic. Its policy envisaged the preservation o Portugal as a pluricontinental empire, wi Angola an Mozambique as the main colonies, an a soorce o civilisation an stabeelity tae the owerseas societies in the African an Asien possessions.

Salazar's regime an its secret police (PIDE) repressed civil liberties an political freedoms fur tae remain in control o Portugal.

Post-Salazar Portugal
Efter Salazar's daith, his Estado Novo regime persistit unner the direction o ane o his langtime aides, Marcelo Caetano. In maugre o tentative overtures taewart an openin o the regime, Caetano balked at endin the colonial war, no wi'standin the condemnation o maist o the interniational community. Hinderly, the Estado Novo fell in Aprile 25, 1974, efter the Carnation Revolution. The retreat frae the colonies an the acceptance o its unthirldom terms which wad creaut newly-independent communist states in 1975 (maist notably the Fowkrepublic o Angola an the Fowkrepublic o Mozambique) promptit a mass exodus o Portuguese ceetizens frae Portugal's African territories (maistly frae Portuguese Angola an Mozambique), creatin ower a million destitute Portuguese refugees — the retornados.

Category:1889 births
Category:1970 daiths
Category:Frae frae Viseu District
Category:Christian fascists
Category:Cauld War leaders
Category:Daiths frae stroke
Category:Disease-related daiths in Portugal
Category:Fascist rulers
Category:Portuguese fascists
Category:Portuguese Roman Catholics
Category:Preses o Portugal
Category:Prime Meenisters o Portugal
Category:Grand Crosses 1st cless o the Order o Meerit o the Federal Republic o Germany‎
Category:Varsity o Coimbra alumni
Category:Warld War II poleetical leaders