Thailand

Thailand (), umwhile Siam (), an offeecially the Kinrick o Thailand, is an independent kintra that lies in the hert o Sootheast Asie. It is bordered tae the north bi Burma an Laos, tae the aest bi Laos an Cambodie, tae the sooth bi the Gulf o Thailand an Malaysie, an tae the wast bi the Andaman Sea an the soothren extremity o Burma. Its maritime boondaries include Vietnam in the Gulf o Thailand tae the sootheast an Indonesie an Indie in the Andaman Sea tae the soothwast.

 Etymology 
The kintra's offeecial name wis Siam ( , ) until Juin 23, 1939,Thailand (Siam) History, CSMngt-Thai. when it wis chynged tae Thailand. It wis then renamed Siam frae 1945 tae Mey 11, 1949, efter which it wis again renamed Thailand. An aa spelled Sayam, Syâm or Syâma, it haes been identified wi the Sanskrit Śyâma (श्याम, meanin "daurk" or "brown"). The names Shan an A-hom seem tae be variants o the same wird, an Śyâma is possibly no its oreegin but a learned an artificial distortion.

The wird Thai (ไทย) is no, as commonly believed derived frae the wird Tai (ไท) meanin "freedom" in the Thai leid; it is, housomeivver, the name o an ethnic group frae the central plains (the Thai fowk). A famous Thai scholar argued that Tai (ไท) simply means "fowk" or "human being" syne his investigation shows that in some rural auries the wird "Tai" wis uised instead o the uisual Thai wird "khon" (คน) for fowk.จิตร ภูมิศักดิ์ 1976: "ความเป็นมาของคำสยาม ไทย ลาวและขอม และลักษณะทางสังคม ของชื่อชนชาติ" (Jid Phumisak 1976: "Coming Into Existence for the Siamese Words for Thai, Laotian and Khmer and Societal Characteristics for Nation-names") The Thai uise the phrase "land o the free" tae express pride in the fact that Thailand is the ae kintra in Sootheast Asie niver colonized bi an ootside pouer.

While the Thai fowk will aften refer tae thair kintra uisin the polite form Prathet Thai (Thai: ประเทศไทย), thay maist commonly uise the mair colloquial wird Mueang Thai (Thai: เมืองไทย) or simply Thai (Thai: ไทย); the wird mueang (Thai: เมือง) meanin naition but maist commonly uised tae refer tae a ceety or toun. Ratcha Anachak Thai () means "Kinrick o Thailand".

Etymologically, its components are: -Ratcha- (frae Sanskrit raja, meanin "keeng, royal, realm") ; -ana- (frae Pāli , "authority, command, pouer", itself frae Sanskrit , same meanin) -chak (frae Sanskrit cakra or cakraṃ meanin "wheel", a seembol o pouer an rule). The Thai Naitional Anthem () refers tae the Thai naition as: prathet-thai (Thai: ประเทศไทย). The first line o the naitional anthem is: prathet thai ruam lueat nuea chat chuea thai (Thai: ประเทศไทยรวมเลือดเนื้อชาติเชื้อไทย) an wis translatit in 1939 bi Colonel Luang Saranuprabhandi as: “Thailand is the unity o Thai blood an body.”

 Administrative divisions 

Thailand is dividit intae 76 provinces (จังหวัด, changwat), which are gathered intae 5 groups o provinces bi location. Thare are an aa 2 special governed destricts: the caipital Bangkok (Krung Thep Maha Nakhon) an Pattaya, o which Bangkok is at provincial level an sicweys aften coontit as a 77t province.

Each province is dividit intae destricts an the destricts are further dividit intae sub-destricts (tambons). As o 2010 thare are 878 destricts (อำเภอ, amphoe) an the 50 destricts o Bangkok (เขต, khet). Some pairts o the provinces borderin Bangkok are an aa referred tae as Greater Bangkok (ปริมณฑล, pari monthon). Thir provinces include Nonthaburi, Pathum Thani, Samut Prakan, Nakhon Pathom an Samut Sakhon. The name o each province's caipital ceety (เมือง, mueang) is the same as that o the province. For example, the caipital o Chiang Mai province (changwat Chiang Mai) is Mueang Chiang Mai or Chiang Mai. The 76 provinces are as follaes:


 Central 
 Ang Thong
 Bangkok (Krung Thep Maha Nakhon), Special Governed Destrict o
 Chai Nat
 Kamphaeng Phet
 Lopburi
 Nakhon Nayok
 Nakhon Pathom
 Nakhon Sawan
 Nonthaburi
 Pathum Thani
 Phetchabun
 Phichit
 Phitsanulok
 Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya
 Samut Prakan
 Samut Sakhon
 Samut Songkhram
 Saraburi
 Sing Buri
 Sukhothai
 Suphan Buri
 Uthai Thani

 East 
 Chachoengsao
 Chanthaburi
 Chonburi
 Prachinburi
 Rayong
 Sa Kaeo
 Trat

 North 
 Chiang Mai
 Chiang Rai
 Lampang
 Lamphun
 Mae Hong Son
 Nan
 Phayao
 Phrae
 Uttaradit


 Northeast (Isan) 

 Amnat Charoen

 Buri Ram
 Chaiyaphum
 Kalasin
 Khon Kaen
 Loei
 Maha Sarakham
 Mukdahan
 Nakhon Phanom
 Nakhon Ratchasima
 Nong Bua Lamphu
 Nong Khai
 Roi Et
 Sakon Nakhon
 Si Sa Ket
 Surin
 Ubon Ratchathani thumb|upright|right|Phra Borommathat Nakhon Si Thammarat Thailand
 Udon Thani
 Yasothon

 Sooth 
 Chumphon
 Krabi
 Nakhon Si Thammarat
 Narathiwat
 Pattani
 Phang Nga
 Phatthalung
 Phuket
 Ranong
 Satun
 Songkhla
 Surat Thani
 Trang
 Yala

 Wast 
 Kanchanaburi
 Phetchaburi
 Prachuap Khiri Khan
 Ratchaburi
 Tak

 Lairgest Metropolitan Auries o Thailandborder|135px|BangkokBangkok



 References 

 Freemit airtins 

 Govrenment
 Thaigov.go.th Ryal Govrenment o Thailand
 Chief o State an Cabinet Members 
 Mfa.go.th Thailand Meenistry o Foreign Affairs
 Thailand Internet Information Naitional Electronics an Computer Technology Center
 Meenistry o Cultur 

 General information

 Thailand  frae UCB Libraries GovPubs


 Longdo Map On-line Thailand maps in Inglis an Thai
 Thailand Laws  - Thailand acts an legal information, baith in Inglis an Thai leid.

 Traivel
 Tourism Authority o Thailand Offeecial tourism wabsteid


 Ither

 Thailand Country Fact Sheet frae the Common Language Project


Category:Sootheast Asie kintras
Category:Kintras o the Indie Ocean
Category:Kintras borderin the Sooth Cheenae Sea
Category:Constitutional monarchies
Category:Member states o the Association o Sootheast Asian Naitions
Category:Member states o the Unitit Naitions