Chengde

Chengde (), previously kent as Jehol, is a prefectur-level ceety in Hebei province, Fowkrepublic o Cheenae, situatit northeast o Beijing. It is best kent as the steid o the Muntain Resort, a vast imperial gairden ceety umwhile uised as the simmer residence bi the Manchu Emperors o the Qing Dynasty.Hedin (1933), pp. 1, 14.  The urban centre haed a population o approximately 450,000 as o 2009.

History
In 1703, Chengde wis chosen bi the Kangxi Emperor as the location for his simmer residence. Constructit throughoot the aichteent century, the Muntain Resort (避暑山庄; literally "avoidin the heat muntain villa") wis uised bi baith the Yongzheng an Qianlong emperors. The site is currently a UNESCO Warld Heritage Steid. Syne the seat o govrenment follaed the emperor, Chengde wis a poleetical centre o the Cheenese empire durin thir times.

The ceety o Jehol reached its heicht unner the Qianlong Emperor 1735-1796 (dee'd 1799). The great monastery temple o the Potala, loosely based on the famous Potala in Lhasa, wis completit efter juist fower years o wirk in 1771. It wis hivily decorate wi gowd an the emperor worshipped in the Gowden Pavilion. In the temple itsel wis a bronze-gilt statue o Tsongkhapa, the Reformer o the Gelugpa sect. Hedin referred tae it as "the maist beautiful Lama temple in Cheenae."Hedin (1933), pp. 24-29.

Unner the Republic o Cheenae, Chengde wis the caipital o Rehe province. Frae 1933 tae 1945 the ceety wis unner Japanese control as a pairt o the Manchurian puppet state kent as Manchukuo. Efter Warld War II the Kuomintang regained jurisdiction. In 1948, the Fowk Liberation Airmy teuk control o Chengde. It wad remain a pairt o Rehe till 1955, when the province wis abolished, an the ceety wis incorporatit intae Hebei.

The ceety is hame tae lairge populations o ethnic minorities, Mongol an Manchu in pairticular. The name for Chengde in Manchu is Erdemu be aliha fu.

Sister ceeties
Chengde haes ceety pairtnerships wi the follaein ceeties:
 Santo André, Brazil
 Takasaki, Japan
 Dakota Coonty, Minnesota, USA

References

Category:Ceeties in Hebei
Category:Prefectur-level diveesions o Hebei
Category:Chengde
Category:Populatit places established in the 18t century