Manama

Manama (, transliteration: al-Manāma) is the caipital an lairgest ceety o Bahrain, wi an approximate population o 155,000 fowk.

Lang an important tradin centre in the Persie Gulf, Manama is hame tae a vera diverse population.  Efter periods o Portuguese an Persian control an invasions frae the Al Sauds an Oman, Bahrain established itsel as an independent naition durin the 19t Century period o Breetish hegemony. In the 20t Century, Bahrain's ile walth helped spur fast growthe an in the 1990s a concertit diversification effort lead tae expansion in ither industries an helped transform Manama intae an important financial hub in the Middle East.

 History 

Manama wis mentioned in Islamic chronicles at least as far back as 1345.  It wis conquered bi Portugal in 1521 an then bi the Persians in 1602. Syne 1783 it haes been unner the control o the Al-Khalifa dynasty.  Manama wis declared a free port in 1958, an in 1971 it became the caipital o independent Bahrain.

The north o Bahrain’s main island, which is dominatit bi Manama the day, haes seen human activity for roughly 5,000 years, as is indicatit frae the remains aroond Bahrain Fort. Early indwallers are aften associatit wi the historical Dilmun Ceevilisation tho the historical records o Dilmun are scanty. The islanders wur suin, housomeivver, disturbit bi a series o invaders, beginnin wi the Assyrians durin the BC period an endin wi the Arabs. Durin thir mony centuries Bahrain wis a trading post whose importance fluctuatit dependin on which empire dominatit. Manama an its indwallers wur first introduced tae Islam durin the 7t century an bi the 9t century began tae lean tae a mair conservative amaist socialist belief seestem that caused considerable friction wi the surroondin Muslim lands. The Qarmatians, as this group wis kent, ransackt Mecca in 930 durin the sacred Hajj, killin hunders afore escapin wi the hintle revered Black Stane. A feud wi the Baghdad-based Abbasids less nor 50 years later saw the Qarmatians leave the toun.


The next major foreign intervention in Bahrain came at the beginnin o the 16t century when the Portuguese naval fleets arrived, swith crushin the sma local population in Manama an the surroondin auries. Bahrain Fort wis biggit durin this era, probably tae keep oot the Persians who nivertheless managed a series o invasions as the whole island alternatit atween the Portuguese, Persians, an Omanis for the follaein twa centuries. Ance the Persians eventually forced the ither twa oot, it wis no lang afore the Al Khalifa faimily appeared frae nearbi Qatar, tae tak control o the whole o the island at the end o the 18t century. The new rulers, whose dynasty continues tae this day, sought pertection against the Persians frae the Breetish Empire, which bi that time haed establisht its hegemony in hintle o the Middle East, an Manama entered a period o colonial influence.  Colonial interest anerlie increased when ile wis discovered 30 km (19 mi) sooth o Manama in the centre o the island an first extractit in 1931. Efter Warld War II, Bahrain muived slowly towards unthirldom an eventually in 1971 the Breetish pulled oot leavin Manama in chairge o its awn affairs. This wis the beginnin o a period that haes seen it grow an flourish primarily due tae the considerable walth accumulatit throu ile production an processin.

 Geography 
Historically, Manama haes been restricted tae wha is nou kent as the Manama Souq an the Manama Fort (nou the Meenistry o Interior) tae its sooth. Housomeivver the ceety haes nou grown tae include a nummer o newer suburban developments as well as aulder neighborin veelages that hae been engulfed bi the growthe o the ceety. The neighborhuids o Manama the day include:

 Manama Souq
 (includin Fareeq el-Makharqa)
 Awadhiya
 Adliya
 Bu Ashira
 Bu Ghazal
 Diplomatic Aurie
 Ghuraifa
 Gudaibiya
 Gufool
 Hoora
 Juffair
 Mahooz
 Noaim
 Ras Rumman
 Seef
 Segaya
 Sulmaniya
 Umm Al Hassam
 Zinj

 Law an govrenment 

Manama is pairt o the Caipital Govrenorate, ane o five Govrenorates o Bahrain. Till 2002 it wis pairt o the municipality o Al-Manamah. Cooncil that existit athin the govrenorates; aicht constituencies wur votit upon athin Caipital Govrenorate in 2006.

 Education 

Manama haes a wide range o varsities, colleges an schuils.
 Ahlia University
 Applied Science University
 Arab Open University
 Arabian Gulf University
 Bahrain Institute o Bankin an Finance
 King Abdulaziz University College o Health Sciences
 Delmon University
 New York Institute o Technology
 RCSI-Bahrain
 Bahrain School

 Freemit airtins 

 Offeecial wabsteid


Category:Caipitals in Asie
Category:Umwhile municipalities (regions) o Bahrain
Category:Umwhile Portuguese colonies
Category:Populatit coastal places in Bahrain
Category:Populatit places in Bahrain
Category:Port ceeties an touns o the Persie Gulf