ᱴᱳᱵᱟ ᱴᱮᱠ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ

ᱴᱳᱵᱟ ᱴᱮᱠ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ (ᱩᱨᱫᱩ: , ᱯᱟᱧᱡᱟᱵᱤ: ) ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱧᱡᱟᱵᱽ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱷᱟᱭᱥᱟᱞᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱰᱤᱵᱤᱡᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱓᱐°᱓᱓' ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱓᱑°᱒' ᱰᱤᱜᱽᱨᱤ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱗᱒°᱐᱘' ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱗᱒°᱔᱘' ᱰᱤᱜᱽᱨᱤ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾  ᱑᱙᱘᱒ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱪᱷᱟᱹᱴᱭᱟᱹᱨ
ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱠᱷ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱴᱮᱠ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱞᱤᱜᱮᱱᱰᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱴᱮᱠ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱟᱭᱟ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧᱚᱜᱟᱜ ᱟᱦᱟᱨ (ᱯᱟᱧᱡᱟᱵᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱴᱳᱵᱟ) ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱞᱟᱝᱜᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱮᱛᱟᱝ ᱫᱟᱬᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱮᱢᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱮ ᱮᱢᱟᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱳᱵᱟ ᱴᱮᱠ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱩᱥᱛᱤ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱰᱮ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱟᱨᱠ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ

ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ
ᱴᱳᱵᱟ ᱴᱮᱠ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱮᱱᱟᱞ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱮᱢ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱯᱟᱧᱡᱟᱵᱽ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ (ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱧᱡᱟᱵᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ) ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱢᱟᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱞᱟᱦᱚᱨ, ᱡᱚᱞᱚᱱᱫᱷᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱳᱥᱤᱭᱟᱨᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱮ ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱤᱢᱯᱤᱨᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱜᱟᱡᱮᱴᱤᱭᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱴᱳᱵᱟ ᱴᱮᱠ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱚᱦᱥᱤᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱨᱱᱚᱱ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱪᱮᱠᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ:

ᱯᱟᱧᱡᱟᱵᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱯᱷᱟᱭᱥᱟᱞᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱚᱦᱥᱤᱞ, ᱒᱐°᱕᱐' ᱟᱨ ᱓᱑°᱒᱓' ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱗᱒°᱒᱐' ᱟᱨ ᱗᱒°᱕᱔' ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱥᱟᱹᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱘᱖᱕ ᱜᱟᱺᱴ ᱢᱟᱭᱤᱞ (᱒,᱒᱔᱐ ᱜᱟᱺᱴ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ) ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱐᱖ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱔᱘,᱙᱘᱔ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱓᱔᱒ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱳᱵᱟ ᱴᱮᱠ ᱥᱤᱝ (ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ, ᱑,᱘᱗᱔), ᱦᱮᱰᱠᱩᱣᱟᱴᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱳᱡᱽᱨᱟ (᱒,᱕᱘᱙), ᱠᱚᱧᱮ-ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱡᱤᱨᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽᱼᱠᱷᱟᱱᱮᱣᱟᱞ ᱪᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱐᱕-᱖ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱛ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱔᱗᱐,᱐᱐᱐ ᱴᱟᱠᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱚᱦᱥᱤᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱤᱱᱟᱵᱽ ᱠᱮᱱᱟᱞ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱚᱦᱥᱤᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱢᱩᱴᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱤᱨᱤ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱷᱟᱭᱥᱟᱞᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ (ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱟᱭᱚᱞᱯᱩᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ) ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱚᱦᱥᱤᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾Toba Tek Singh – Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 23, p. 406  Digital South Asia Library website, Retrieved 1 June 2021

ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱤᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱤᱢ ᱞᱤᱜᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ-ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱫ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱔᱗ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ, ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱠᱷ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱤᱢ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱴᱳᱵᱟ ᱴᱮᱠ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱥᱟ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ
᱑᱙᱗᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ, ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱᱤ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱟᱹ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ (ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ, ᱢᱚᱱᱴᱚᱜᱚᱢᱟᱨᱤ ᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱣᱟᱞ ᱛᱮᱠᱚ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ), ᱴᱳᱵᱟ ᱴᱮᱠ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱘᱒ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ, ᱴᱳᱵᱟ ᱴᱮᱠ ᱥᱤᱝ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱥᱟᱵᱽᱰᱤᱵᱤᱡᱚᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱯᱷᱟᱭᱥᱟᱞᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾

᱑᱙᱗᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ, ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱢᱢᱮᱞᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱒᱐᱐,᱐᱐᱐ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱜᱨᱮᱥᱤᱵᱽ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱴᱳᱵᱟ ᱴᱮᱠ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱚᱢᱢᱮᱞᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱮᱥᱮᱨ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱩᱞᱯᱷᱤᱠᱟᱨ ᱚᱞᱤ ᱵᱷᱩᱴᱴᱳ ᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱥᱩᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱰᱮᱢᱚᱜᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤ

ᱴᱳᱵᱟ ᱴᱮᱠ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱯᱟᱧᱡᱟᱵᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱓᱒᱕᱒ ᱜᱟᱺᱴ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱯᱩᱫ ᱨᱤᱛᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱹᱲᱤᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱹᱲᱤᱜ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱟᱵᱤ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ-ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ, ᱴᱳᱵᱟ ᱴᱮᱠ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱠᱷ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱔᱗ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱱᱮᱛᱟᱨᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱤᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱴᱳᱵᱟ ᱴᱮᱠ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱥᱟ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾

+ ᱴᱳᱵᱟ ᱴᱮᱠ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢgroup᱑᱙᱔᱑᱒᱐᱑᱗᱒᱐᱒᱓ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ% ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢ 15px ᱒᱗᱑,᱑᱔᱔᱖᱘.᱔᱐%᱒,᱑᱒᱒,᱐᱘᱔᱙᱖.᱘᱓%᱒,᱔᱔᱐,᱓᱕᱐᱙᱖.᱖᱘% ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ 15px᱕᱕,᱕᱗᱕᱑᱔.᱐᱒%᱑᱒᱓᱐.᱐᱑%᱒᱗᱙᱐.᱐᱑%ᱥᱤᱠᱷ 19x19px᱕᱓,᱒᱓᱓᱑᱓.᱔᱓%᱑᱙~᱐% ᱤᱥᱟᱹᱭ 15px᱑᱖,᱓᱕᱓᱔.᱑᱓%᱖᱖,᱘᱓᱙᱓.᱐᱕%᱘᱑,᱒᱕᱙᱓.᱒᱒%ᱚᱦᱢᱚᱫᱤ᱒,᱔᱑᱙᱐.᱑᱑%᱑,᱙᱘᱐᱐.᱐᱘% ᱮᱴᱟᱜᱟᱜ᱑᱐᱐᱐.᱐᱒%᱓᱐~᱐%᱑᱕᱗᱐.᱐᱑%ᱜᱩᱴ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ᱓᱙᱖,᱔᱐᱕᱑᱐᱐%᱒,᱑᱙᱑,᱔᱙᱕᱒,᱕᱒᱔,᱐᱔᱔᱑᱐᱐%

᱒᱐᱑᱗ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ, ᱴᱳᱵᱟ ᱴᱮᱠ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱝ ᱡᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱐᱐᱐ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱙᱙᱑ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱠᱷᱱᱟᱹᱛ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱖᱗.᱓᱒% ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱗᱓.᱘᱕% ᱟᱨ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱖᱐.᱘᱓% ᱾ ᱔᱔᱑,᱙᱗᱑ (᱒.᱑᱗%) ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨᱤ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱕᱕,᱔᱖᱑ (᱒᱕.᱔᱔%) ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱒᱓ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱓᱙᱑,᱘᱖᱑ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱒,᱕᱑᱑,᱙᱖᱓ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

᱒᱐᱒᱓ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ, ᱙᱖.᱒% ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱧᱡᱟᱵᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱒.᱔᱘% ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱨᱫᱩ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾

ᱴᱳᱵᱟ ᱴᱮᱠ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱦᱚᱲ
ᱪᱟᱥ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ, ᱯᱷᱟᱭᱥᱟᱞᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚᱝ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱪᱤ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ, ᱴᱳᱵᱟ ᱴᱮᱠ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱩᱞᱴᱨᱤ ᱯᱨᱚᱰᱚᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱪᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱨᱟ (ᱠᱤᱱᱩ) ᱵᱟᱜᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ ᱚᱪᱚᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱨᱟ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱴᱳᱵᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾   
University of Agriculture, Faisalabad (Sub-Campus Toba Tek Singh - Overview) Retrieved 1 June 2021TOBA TEK SINGH: Citrus plants to be grown in 30 orchards Dawn (newspaper), Published 30 January 2004, Retrieved 1 June 2021

ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ

ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ
Toba Tek Singh profile on Punjab's government website


ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱯᱟᱧᱡᱟᱵᱽ, ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ