ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱢᱟᱞᱟ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ

ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱢᱟᱞᱟ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ (), ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱨᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ (producer good) ᱥᱮ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱢᱟᱞᱟ ᱟᱨᱡᱟᱣ (semi-finished product) ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱱᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ (final good) ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝᱠᱷᱟᱱ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱥᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾

ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱢᱟᱞᱟ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱠᱷᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱮ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱮ ᱟᱹᱠᱷᱨᱤᱧᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱮ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨᱟ᱾Sullivan, Arthur; Sheffrin, Steven M. (2003). Economics: Principles in Action.

 ᱫᱟᱹᱭᱠᱟᱹ 
ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱢᱟᱞᱟ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱫᱟᱹᱭᱠᱟᱹ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ:ᱪᱤᱱᱤ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱠᱟᱨᱤ (bakery) ᱨᱮ ᱪᱤᱱᱤ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱮᱠ (cake) ᱥᱮ ᱵᱤᱥᱠᱩᱴ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱩᱱ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱮᱡ ᱪᱤᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ "ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱢᱟᱞᱟ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ" ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱠ ᱫᱚ "ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ" ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ᱢᱮᱬᱦᱮᱫ (Steel): ᱜᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱮᱬᱦᱮᱫ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ, ᱜᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱮᱬᱦᱮᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱢᱟᱞᱟ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱤᱭᱩᱴᱟᱨ ᱪᱤᱯᱥ: ᱢᱚᱵᱟᱭᱤᱞ ᱯᱷᱚᱱ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱪᱤᱯᱥ (chips) ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱢᱟᱞᱟ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾

 ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱢᱟᱞᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ 
ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱜᱮ 'ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱢᱟᱞᱟ' ᱥᱮ 'ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ' ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱮᱦᱟᱸᱰ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ᱵᱩᱞᱩᱝ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱹᱭᱠᱟᱹ: ᱡᱩᱫᱤ ᱟᱢ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱩᱞᱩᱝ ᱠᱤᱨᱤᱧ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱛᱩ ᱨᱮᱢ ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱣᱟ, ᱛᱚᱵᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ (ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱢ)᱾
 ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ, ᱡᱩᱫᱤ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱪᱤᱯᱥ (chips) ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱵᱩᱞᱩᱝ ᱠᱤᱨᱤᱧ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱪᱤᱯᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱣᱟ, ᱛᱚᱵᱮ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱩᱞᱩᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱢᱟᱞᱟ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾

 ᱡᱤ.ᱰᱤ.ᱯᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ 
ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱤᱰᱤᱯᱤ (GDP) ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱮᱡ, ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱢᱟᱞᱟ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ? ᱡᱩᱫᱤ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱢᱟᱞᱟ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱛᱚᱵᱮ "ᱫᱚᱲᱦᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ" (double counting) ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾ : ᱫᱟᱹᱭᱠᱟᱹ: ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱠᱮᱠ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱢ ₹᱑᱐᱐ ᱴᱟᱠᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ₹᱒᱐ ᱴᱟᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱤᱱᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱞᱚᱝ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱡᱩᱫᱤ ᱟᱵᱚ ᱠᱮᱠ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ₹᱑᱐᱐ ᱴᱟᱠᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱪᱤᱱᱤ/ᱦᱚᱞᱚᱝ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ₹᱒᱐ ᱴᱟᱠᱟ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱭᱟ, ᱛᱚᱵᱮ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱫᱟᱢ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱴᱷᱤᱠᱟ᱾

ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ, ᱡᱤᱰᱤᱯᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱷᱮᱞᱩ ᱮᱰᱮᱰ''' (Value Added) ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱢ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱩᱢᱩᱝ ᱦᱤᱥᱟᱹᱵᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾Samuelson, Paul A., and William D. Nordhaus. Economics.

 ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱢᱮ 

 ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ (Final good)

 ᱡᱤᱰᱤᱯᱤ (Gross domestic product)

 ᱟᱨᱡᱟᱣ (Production)

 ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ 


ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ