ᱧᱮᱞᱮ

ᱧᱮᱞᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱣ ᱵᱟᱲᱟᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱤᱯᱤᱲᱤ ᱾ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱒᱐,᱐᱐᱐ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱡᱟᱹᱛ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱧᱮᱞᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ Cite web | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=jMuShwtyem0C&pg=PA145&lpg=PA145&dq=bee+species+20000&source=bl&ots=7RSbMW34tw&sig=oi55RU7zUtDzmAFKdwBU73k60J4&hl=en&ei=SLmiSpHDE4yd4gaqzsXvCQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4#v=onepage&q=bee%20species%2020000&f=false | title = Bee pollination in agriculture| accessdate = 2009-09-05| first = Rosalind| last = James  ᱧᱮᱞᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱟᱥᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱢᱴᱟᱣᱟ ᱾  ᱧᱮᱞᱮ ᱫᱮ ᱟᱱᱴᱟᱨᱠᱴᱤᱠᱟ ᱵᱮᱜᱚᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ  ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ Danforth, B.N., Sipes, S., Fang, J., Brady, S.G. (2006) The history of early bee diversification based on five genes plus morphology. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 103: 15118-15123.
ᱧᱮᱞᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱱ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ :-
 ᱦᱚᱱᱤ ᱧᱮᱞᱮ
 ᱵᱚᱢᱵᱚᱞ ᱧᱮᱞᱮ
 ᱥᱴᱤᱝᱞᱮᱥ ᱧᱮᱞᱮ
 ᱥᱚᱞᱤᱴᱟᱨᱤ ᱧᱮᱞᱮ

ᱭᱩᱨᱚᱯ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱱᱤ ᱧᱮᱞᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱥᱩᱞ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱟᱯᱱᱟᱨᱟᱜ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱯᱤᱠᱚᱞᱪᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ
ᱠᱨᱟᱵᱚᱱᱟᱭᱰᱤ (Crabonidae) ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱡᱽ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱧᱮᱞᱮ  ᱫᱚ ᱞᱩᱛᱤ ᱛᱮᱨᱚᱢ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱟᱯᱲᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱛᱤᱡᱩ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱥᱤᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱤᱡᱩ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱡᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ-ᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱛᱩᱡᱩ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟᱭᱮᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱩᱠᱱᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱵᱚᱜ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱭ/ᱨᱮᱬᱩ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱫᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱟᱯᱟᱞ ᱠᱚᱜ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱜᱮ ᱟᱠᱚᱨᱤᱱ ᱞᱟᱨᱵᱷᱟ (larva) ᱠᱚ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱚᱪᱚᱭᱮᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟ ᱦᱮ ᱩᱞᱴᱟᱹᱣ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱵᱷᱮᱥᱯᱚᱭᱮᱰ (vespoid ) ᱧᱮᱞᱮ ᱥᱟᱶ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱥᱤᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱯᱲᱟᱢ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱪᱷᱟᱯ/ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱮᱴᱟᱣ ᱥᱟᱨᱮᱡ (fossil), ᱱᱤᱛ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱟᱸ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱟᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱢᱵᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱴᱮᱥᱩᱭᱚᱥ ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱴᱟᱣ ᱥᱟᱨᱮᱡ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱨᱵᱤᱠᱩᱞᱮᱴ (corbiculate) ᱧᱮᱞᱮ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱾ cite journal |author1=Cardinal, Sophie |author2=Danforth, Bryan N. |year=2011 |title=The Antiquity and Evolutionary History of Social Behavior in Bees |journal=PLoS ONE |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=e21086 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0021086 |pmid=21695157 |pmc=3113908

ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱜᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ

ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ
ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱧᱮᱞᱮ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱞᱩᱛᱤ ᱛᱮᱨᱚᱢ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱡᱽ ᱥᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱜᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱞᱩᱛᱤ ᱛᱮᱨᱚᱢ ᱯᱮ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾

᱑- ᱨᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱞᱩᱛᱤ
᱒- ᱥᱟᱺᱰᱤ ᱞᱩᱛᱤ
᱓- ᱢᱩᱱᱤᱥ ᱞᱩᱛᱤ

ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ

 All Living Things Images, identification guides, and maps of bees
 Bee Genera of the World
 Carl Hayden Bee Research Center 
 Rescuing Australian stingless bees
 The first bee of spring
 Solitary Bees & Things Solitary Bees in British gardens
 Scientists identify the oldest known bee, a 100 million-year-old specimen preserved in amber
 Search for North American species at Bugguide here
 The Bumblebee Conservation Trust - Learn about the UK's bumblebees, recent declines and how you can help
 For Hymenoptera: Bees and other related Insects  Natural History of Bees, Wasps, and Insects
 Bee images on Morphbank, biological image database 
 Dickinson Lab
 Video: Life Cycle of a Honey Bee
 Video: Orchid Bees

ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ

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