ᱥᱟᱹᱞᱟᱹᱭ

ᱠᱟᱴᱷ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱴᱷᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱹᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱟᱹᱴᱷᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱝᱠᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱠᱷᱨᱤᱧ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟ᱾ ᱜᱮᱥ ᱪᱩᱞᱦᱟᱹ, ᱪᱩᱴᱤ-ᱵᱤᱲᱤ, ᱠᱚᱭᱮᱞ, ᱢᱳᱢᱵᱟᱛᱤ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱡᱩᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱛ ᱥᱟᱹᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱟᱡᱟᱠ ᱠᱩ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱟ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱵᱟᱠᱥᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱕᱐ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱥᱟᱹᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱟᱹᱴᱷᱤ ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ᱾ 
 ᱮᱛᱦᱚᱵ (Origin) 
ᱥᱟᱹᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱤᱝᱨᱮᱡᱤ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱢᱮᱪ (Match)᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱷᱚᱨᱟᱥᱤ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱢᱮᱥᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱢᱮᱥᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱳᱢᱵᱟᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱞᱛᱟ ᱠᱩ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱚᱪᱚᱭᱮᱛ ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ᱾Whiter W (1825). Etymologicon universale: or, Universal etymological dictionary. 2. p. 428. 

ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱮᱪ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱵᱮᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱞᱤᱧ ᱠᱩ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱚᱪᱚᱭᱮᱛ ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱸᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱟᱥᱟᱭᱚᱱᱤᱠ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱢᱮᱥᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱮᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱡᱩᱞ ᱛᱮᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ᱾Concise Oxford Dictionary (10 ed.). London: Oxford University Press. 1999. ᱦᱟᱞᱠᱟ ᱥᱮᱸᱜᱮᱞ ᱥᱮ ᱠᱟᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱮ ᱵᱟᱱᱫᱩᱠ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱸᱜᱮᱞ ᱡᱩᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱛ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ᱾  ᱛᱤᱱ ᱜᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱡ ᱡᱩᱞᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱦᱤᱥᱟᱹᱵᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱹᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱚᱠᱚᱢ ᱥᱚᱠᱚᱢ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱡᱟᱸᱦᱟᱸ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱡ ᱡᱩᱞᱩᱜ ᱥᱟᱹᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱜᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱡ ᱡᱩᱞᱩᱜ ᱥᱟᱹᱞᱟᱹᱭ᱾ 

 ᱵᱤᱵᱚᱨᱛᱚᱱ 
ᱟᱹᱫᱷᱩᱱᱤᱠ ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱕᱗᱗ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱴᱷ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱹᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱥᱮᱡ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱷᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱪᱮᱱ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱢᱚᱨᱤᱠ ᱵᱟᱦᱤᱱᱤ ᱠᱳᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ, ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱛ ᱥᱮ ᱨᱟᱥᱟᱭᱚᱱᱤᱠ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱩ ᱡᱩᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱛ ᱥᱟᱹᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾Temple, Robert (1986). The Genius of China: 3,000 Years of Science, Discovery, and Invention. New York: Simon and Schuster, Inc.. p. 98. 

᱑᱕᱓᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱥᱮᱡ ᱤᱣᱨᱳᱯ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱹᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱤᱲᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱘᱐᱕ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱥᱮᱡ ᱡᱤᱱ ᱪᱮᱱᱥᱮᱞ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱮᱱ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱟᱫᱷᱩᱱᱤᱠ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱹᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱥᱮᱡ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱚᱴᱟᱥᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱠᱞᱳᱨᱮᱴ, ᱥᱟᱞᱯᱷᱟᱨ, ᱪᱤᱱᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱵᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱣᱦᱟ ᱠᱩ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱮᱛ ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ᱾ ᱠᱟᱹᱴᱤᱡ ᱵᱳᱛᱳᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱞᱯᱷᱤᱣᱨᱤᱠ ᱮᱥᱤᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱥᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱹᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱸᱜᱮᱞ ᱠᱩ ᱡᱩᱞᱮᱛ ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ᱾Barnett, E. de Barry (1919). Rideal, Samuel. ed. Explosives. New York: D. Van Nostrand Co.. pp. 158, 162–170.

ᱯᱷᱚᱥᱯᱚᱨᱟᱥ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱹᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱚᱭ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱮᱛᱦᱚᱵ ᱫᱷᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱱᱟ᱾Hughes, J. P. W; Baron, R.; Buckland, D. H., Cooke, M. A.; Craig, J. D.; Duffield, D. P.; Grosart, A. W.; Parkes, P. W. J.; & Porter, A. (1962). "Phosphorus Necrosis of the Jaw: A Present-day Study: With Clinical and Biochemical Studies". Brit. J. Industr. Med. 19 (2): 83–99. PMC 1038164. PMID 14449812. ᱯᱩᱸᱰ ᱯᱚᱥᱯᱷᱚᱨᱟᱥ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱠᱩ ᱫᱷᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱱᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱹᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱠᱩ ᱟᱹᱠᱩ ᱟᱹᱠᱩ ᱛᱮ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱠᱩ ᱫᱷᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱘᱔᱕ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱥᱮᱡ ᱵᱷᱤᱭᱮᱱᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱᱟ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱭ ᱦᱩᱭᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱤᱣ ᱤᱭᱚᱨᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱩ ᱱᱤᱭᱮ ᱯᱟᱢᱯᱞᱮᱴ ᱩᱰᱩᱝᱱᱟ᱾

 ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨᱠᱩ 

 ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞᱢᱮ 
 Beaver, Patrick, (1985). The Match Makers: The Story of Bryant & May. London: Henry Melland Limited. 
 Emsley, John, (2000). The Shocking History of Phosphorus: A Biography of the Devil's Element. Basingstoke: Macmillan Publishing. 
 Steele, H. Thomas (1987). Close Cover Before Striking: The Golden Age of Matchbook Art. Abeville Press

 ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ 

"Making 125,000 Matches An Hour", August 1946, Popular Science article on the modern mass production of wooden stem matches

library.thinkquest.org/23062/match.htm
"Lighting a Match", Royal Institution video on the ignition process
Chemistry of Matches, Graphics and Video

ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ