ᱮᱱᱛᱷᱟᱞᱯᱤ

ᱮᱱᱛᱷᱟᱞᱯᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱤᱧᱡᱤᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤᱝ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱛᱚᱱᱚᱦᱚᱨ (Concept) ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ (heat) ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱢᱤ (work) ᱦᱤᱥᱟᱹᱵᱽ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱧᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱨᱤᱠ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ "ᱮᱱᱛᱷᱟᱞᱯᱚᱥ" (ενθαλπος) ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮᱛ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ "ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱮᱢ ᱢᱮ" ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱱᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱐᱙ ᱥᱟᱞᱮᱨᱮ ᱰᱚᱪ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱦᱮᱭᱠᱤ ᱠᱟᱢᱮᱨᱞᱤᱝ ᱚᱱᱱᱥ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟ, ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮ ᱸᱫ ᱾

ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ (ᱥᱚᱵᱽᱥᱴᱮᱱᱥ) ᱠᱚᱸᱥᱴᱟᱸᱴ (constant) ᱯᱨᱮᱥᱚᱨ (pressure) ᱛᱮ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞᱚᱜᱼᱟ , ᱩᱱᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱵᱽᱥᱴᱟᱱᱥ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱚᱰᱚᱠ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱱᱛᱷᱟᱞᱯᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱵᱩᱴᱟᱹ ᱭᱟᱭ ᱾  

ᱮᱱᱛᱷᱟᱞᱯᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱢᱤᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱚᱵᱽᱥᱴᱮᱱᱥ ᱦᱟᱨᱟᱜᱼᱟ (grow) ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱰᱩᱢᱵᱩᱜᱚᱜᱼᱟ (shrinks), ᱩᱱ ᱫ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱨᱟᱠᱟᱵᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱟᱬᱜᱚᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱮᱱᱛᱷᱟᱞᱯ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱛᱮᱜᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱦᱤᱥᱟᱹᱵ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱱᱛᱷᱟᱞᱯᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱤᱥᱟᱹᱵᱟ ᱾

ᱢᱚᱱᱮᱢᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱮᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱜᱮᱥ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱱ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱵᱚᱞᱚ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱺ

᱑) ᱜᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱱᱛᱚᱨ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ (internal energy) ᱰᱮᱦᱮᱨᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ !

᱒) ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱮᱢ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱤᱢᱤᱱ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

ᱦᱩᱭᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ (work done) ᱫᱚ ᱯᱨᱮᱥᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱚᱞᱩᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱟᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱮᱱᱛᱷᱟᱞᱯᱤ ᱱᱩᱠᱤᱱ  ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱜᱮ ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱛ ᱠᱤᱱᱟᱭ, ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱺ
   ᱮᱱᱛᱷᱟᱞᱯᱤ (H)= ᱚᱱᱛᱚᱨ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ (u) + (ᱯᱨᱮᱥᱚᱨ(P) * ᱵᱷᱚᱞᱩᱢ (v))

 ᱮᱱᱛᱷᱟᱞᱯᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱢᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ 
ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱮᱢᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ, ᱩᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱵᱽᱥᱴᱟᱱᱥ ᱩᱨᱜᱩᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱲᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱵᱽᱥᱴᱟᱱᱥ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱮᱴᱟᱜᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱚᱵᱽᱥᱴᱟᱱᱥ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜᱼᱟ, ᱛᱤᱱ ᱵᱷᱩᱨ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱩᱫᱤ ᱯᱨᱮᱥᱚᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱚᱜᱼᱟ,  ᱩᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱜᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭᱟ ᱪᱤ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱮᱱᱛᱷᱟᱞᱯᱤ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱫᱟᱹᱭᱠᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱡᱩᱫᱤ ᱜᱮᱥᱚᱞᱤᱱ (gasoline) ᱨᱟᱲᱟ ᱦᱚᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱛᱟᱨᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱜᱮᱥᱚᱞᱤᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱚᱰᱚᱠᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱩᱫᱤ ᱟᱵᱚ ᱵᱚᱱ ᱢᱚᱱᱮᱭᱟ ᱑᱐᱐ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱡᱩᱞ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱚᱰᱚᱠᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱜᱮᱥᱚᱞᱤᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱱᱛᱷᱟᱞᱯᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱐᱐ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱡᱩᱞ ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ  ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞᱮᱱ ᱮᱱᱛᱟᱞᱯᱤ ᱫᱚ   ∆H = –᱑᱐᱐ kJ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

ᱡᱩᱫᱤ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱮᱢᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱨᱤᱭᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱞᱚᱞᱚᱭ ᱰᱮᱦᱮᱨᱟ, ᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱱᱛᱷᱟᱞᱯᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱟᱨ ∆H ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ  ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱮᱜᱮᱴᱤᱵᱽ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱ ᱨᱤᱭᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱜᱽᱡᱚᱛᱷᱚᱨᱢᱤᱠ ᱨᱤᱭᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱡᱩᱫᱤ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱮᱢᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱞᱚᱞᱚᱭ ᱡᱟᱴᱟᱜᱟ, ᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱨᱤᱭᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱱᱛᱷᱟᱞᱯᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱰᱮᱦᱮᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱟᱨ ∆H ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ  ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱚᱡᱤᱴᱤᱵᱽ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱ ᱨᱤᱭᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱱᱰᱚᱛᱷᱚᱨᱢᱤᱠ ᱨᱤᱭᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ

ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ
 Enthalpy - Eric Weisstein's World of Physics
 Enthalpy - Georgia State University
 Enthalpy example calculations - Texas A&M University Chemistry Department

ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱛᱷᱚᱨᱢᱚᱰᱟᱭᱱᱟᱢᱤᱠ