पृथिव्याः लेखनपद्धतिसमूहः

पृथिव्याः लेखनपद्धतिसमूहः(Writing systems worldwide) वर्गीकृत्य सूचीरूपेण प्रस्तूयते । इदं वर्गीकरणं लिपीनां विशेषगुणान् परिलक्ष्य निर्मितमस्ति । यस्मात् लिपिप्रभेदाः सुस्पष्टरूपेण ज्ञायन्ते ।

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+ राष्ट्रस्तरीय-मुख्यलेखनपद्धतयःअल्फाबेट् ल्यटिन् क्रिलिक्एवं ल्यटिन् ग्रीक् जर्जियन् आर्मेनियन्लोगोग्राफिक्+सिलैबिक् हांज़्इ  कन +कञ्जि हंगुल्+सीमाबद्ध हञ्ज़ अब्जाद्(Abjad) आरबिक्एवं ल्यटिन् हिब्रुअबुगिडा(Abugida) उ, द भारतीय एथियपिक् थाना कैनाडियन् सिलैबिक्

 चित्रात्मक/भावचित्रात्मकलिपयः (Pictographic/ideographic writing systems) 

 Aztec Nahuatl Although some proper nouns have phonetic components.
 Mixtec Mixtec
 Dongba Naxi Although this is often supplemented with syllabic Geba script.
 Ersu Shābā – Ersu
 Míkmaq hieroglyphic writing Míkmaq Does have phonetic components, however.
 Nsibidi Ekoi, Efik/Ibibio, Igbo
 Testerian – used for missionary work in Mexico
 Other Mesoamerican writing systems with the exception of Maya Hieroglyphs.

There are also symbol systems used to represent things other than language, or to represent constructed languages. Some of these are
 Blissymbols – A constructed ideographic script used primarily in Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC).
 iConji – A constructed ideographic script used primarily in social networking
 Isotype (picture language)
 Sona language
 A wide variety of notations

Linear B and Asemic writing also incorporate ideograms.

 शब्द-चिह्नात्मकलेखनपद्धतिः (Logographic writing systems) 
 व्यञ्जन-आधारितशब्द-चिह्नात्मकलिपयः 
400px|thumb|right|वर्तमाने विश्वे प्रचलिताः लेखनपद्धतयः
 Hieroglyphic, Hieratic, and Demotic writing systems of Ancient Egypt
 Egyptian hieroglyphs
 List of Egyptian hieroglyphs by common name: A-L
 List of Egyptian hieroglyphs by common name: M-Z

 अक्षराधारित-शब्दचिह्नात्मकलिपयः (Syllable-based logographies) 
 Anatolian hieroglyphs Luwian
 Cuneiform Sumerian, Akkadian, other Semitic languages, Elamite, Hittite, Luwian, Hurrian, and Urartian
 Chinese characters (Hanzi) Chinese, Japanese (called Kanji), Korean (called Hanja), Vietnamese (called Han tu, obsolete)
 Jurchen script Jurchen
 Khitan large script Khitan
 Tangut script Tangut
 Zhuang script Zhuang
 Chữ Nôm Vietnamese (for vernacular Vietnamese, now obsolete)
 Eghap (or Bagam) script
 Mayan Chorti, Yucatec, and other Classic Maya languages
 Yi (classical) various Yi/Lolo languages
 Shui script Shui language

 अक्षरात्मकलिपयः (सिलैबिक्) 
In a syllabary, graphemes represent syllables or moras. (Note that the 19th century term syllabics usually referred to abugidas rather than true syllabaries.)

 Afaka Ndyuka
 Alaska script Central Yup'ik
 Cherokee Cherokee
 Cypriot Mycenean Greek
 Geba Naxi
 Kana Japanese**Hiragana
 Katakana
 Man'yōgana
 Kikakui – Mende
 Kpelle Kpelle
 Linear B Mycenean Greek
 Nü Shu Chinese
 Vai Vai
 Woleaian Woleaian (a likely syllabary)
 Yi (modern) various Yi/Lolo languages

 अर्ध-अक्षरात्मकलिपयः (अंशतः अक्षरात्मक तथा अंशतः वर्णात्मकलिपिः) 

 Paleohispanic semi-sillabaries Paleohispanic languages
 Tartessian or Southwestern script Tartessian or Southwestern language
 Southeastern Iberian script Iberian language
 Northeastern Iberian script Iberian language
 Celtiberian script Celtiberian language
 Old Persian Cuneiform Old Persian
 Zhuyin fuhao phonetic script for Chinese languages, and principal script for several Formosan languages.
 Eskayan Bohol, Philippines (a syllabary apparently based on an alphabet; some alphabetic characteristics remain)
 Bamum scriptBamum (a defective syllabary, with alphabetic principles used to fill the gaps)

 खण्डयुक्तलिपयः (Segmental scripts) 
 अब्जाद (Abjads) 
An abjad is a segmental script containing symbols for consonants only, or where vowels are optionally written with diacritics ("pointing") or only written word-initially.
 Aramaic
 Arabic Arabic, Azeri, Punjabi, Baluchi, Kashmiri, Pashto, Persian, Kurdish (vowels obligatory), Sindhi, Uighur (vowels obligatory), Urdu, and the languages of many other peoples of the Near East
 Hebrew Square Script Hebrew, Yiddish, and other Jewish languages
 Jawi – Arabic, Malay
 Manichaean script
 Nabataean the Nabataeans of Petra
 Pahlavi script Middle Persian
 Parthian
 Psalter
 Phoenician Phoenician and other Canaanite languages
 Proto-Canaanite
 Sabaean
 South Arabian Sabaic, Qatabanic, Himyaritic, and Hadhramautic
 Sogdian
 Samaritan (Old Hebrew) Aramaic, Arabic, and Hebrew
 Syriac Syriac
 Tifinagh Tuareg
 Ugaritic Ugaritic, Hurrian

 शुद्धवर्णात्मकलिपयः 
A true alphabet contains separate letters (not diacritic marks) for both consonants and vowels.

 अलक्षणात्मक-रैखिकवर्णलिपयः (Linear nonfeatural alphabets) 
Linear alphabets are composed of lines on a surface, such as ink on paper.
 Uyghur Arabic alphabet (Uyghur Ereb Yéziqi) Avestan
 Armenian Armenian
 Avestan alphabet Avestan
 Beitha Kukju Albanian
 Borama Somali
 Caucasian Albanian alphabet Old Udi language
 Coptic Egyptian
 Cyrillic Eastern Slavic languages (Belarusian, Russian, Ukrainian), eastern South Slavic languages (Bulgarian, Macedonian, Serbian), the other languages of Russia, Kazakh language, Kyrgyz language, Tajik language, Mongolian language. Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan are changing to the Latin alphabet but still have considerable use of Cyrillic. See Languages using Cyrillic.
 Eclectic Shorthand
 Elbasan Albanian
 Fraser Lisu
 Gabelsberger shorthand
 Georgian Georgian and other Kartvelian languages
 Glagolitic Old Church Slavonic
 Gothic Gothic
 Greek Greek
 International Phonetic Alphabet
 Kaddare Somali
 Latin  Roman originally Latin language; most current western and central European languages, Turkic languages, sub-Saharan African languages, indigenous languages of the Americas, languages of maritime Southeast Asia and languages of Oceania use developments of it. Languages using a non-Latin writing system are generally also equipped with Romanization for transliteration or secondary use.
 Manchu Manchu
 Mandaic Mandaic dialect of Aramaic
 Mongolian Mongolian
 Neo-Tifinagh Tamazight
 N'Ko Maninka language, Bambara, Dyula language
 Ogham () Gaelic, Britannic, Pictish
 Old Hungarian (in Hungarian magyar rovásírás or székely-magyar rovásírás) Hungarian
 Old Italic a family of connected alphabets for the Etruscan, Oscan, Umbrian, Messapian, South Picene, Raetic, Venetic, Lepontic, Camunic languages
 Old Permic (also called Abur) Komi
 Old Turkic Turkic
 Old Uyghur alphabet Uyghur
 Osmanya Somali
 Runic alphabet Germanic languages
 Ol Cemet' Santali
 Tai Lue Lue
 Vah  Bassa
 Zaghawa  Zaghawa

 लक्षणात्मकरैखिक-वर्णात्मकलिपयः (Featural linear alphabets) 
A featural script has elements that indicate the components of articulation, such as bilabial consonants, fricatives, or back vowels. Scripts differ in how many features they indicate.

 Gregg Shorthand
 Hangul Korean
 Shavian alphabet
 Tengwar (a fictional script)
 Visible Speech (a phonetic script)
 Stokoe notation for American Sign Language
 SignWriting for sign languages

 दिग्दर्शीवर्णात्मकलिपयः (Manual alphabets) 
Manual alphabets are frequently found as parts of sign languages. They are not used for writing per se, but for spelling out words while signing.
 American manual alphabet (used with slight modification in Hong Kong, Malaysia, Paraguay, Philippines, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand)
 British manual alphabet (used in some of the Commonwealth of Nations, such as Australia and New Zealand)
 Catalonian manual alphabet
 Chilean manual alphabet
 Chinese manual alphabet
 Dutch manual alphabet
 Ethiopian manual alphabet (an abugida)
 French manual alphabet
 Greek manual alphabet
 Icelandic manual alphabet (also used in Denmark)
 Indian manual alphabet (a true alphabet?; used in Devanagari and Gujarati areas)
 International manual alphabet (used in Germany, Austria, Norway, Finland)
 Iranian manual alphabet (an abjad; also used in Egypt)
 Israeli manual alphabet (an abjad)
 Italian manual alphabet
 Korean manual alphabet
 Latin American manual alphabets
 Polish manual alphabet
 Portuguese manual alphabet
 Romanian manual alphabet
 Russian manual alphabet (also used in Bulgaria and ex-Soviet states)
 Spanish manual alphabet (Madrid)
 Swedish manual alphabet
 Yugoslav manual alphabet

 अन्या अरैखिकवर्णात्मकलिपयः (Other non-linear alphabets) 
These are other alphabets composed of something other than lines on a surface.
 Braille (Unified) an embossed alphabet for the visually impaired, used with some extra letters to transcribe the Latin, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, and Arabic alphabets, as well as Chinese
 Braille (Korean)
 Braille (American) (defunct)
 New York Point a defunct alternative to Braille
 International maritime signal flags (both alphabetic and ideographic)
 Morse code (International) a trinary code of dashes, dots, and silence, whether transmitted by electricity, light, or sound) representing characters in the Latin alphabet.
 American Morse code (defunct)
 Optical telegraphy (defunct)
 Flag semaphore (made by moving hand-held flags)

 अबुगिडा (Abugidas) 

इन्हें वर्णाक्षरी (अल्फासिलैबरी) भी कहते हैं। ये 'खण्डात्मक' (segmental) लिपियाँ है जिनमें स्वर चिह्नों को दर्शाने के लिए व्यंजन पर कोई डायाक्रिटिकल चिह्न लगाया जाता है या कोई अन्य परिवर्तन/परिवर्धन कर दिया जाता है। भारत तथा दक्षिण-पूर्व एशिया की प्रायः सभी लिपियाँ इसी श्रेणी में आती हैं। ये सभी ऐतिहासिक रूप से ब्राह्मी परिवार की हैं।

 ब्राह्मीपरिवारस्य अबुगिडा लिपयः 
 Anga Script Angika
 Ahom
 Assamese Assamese/Assamiya/Ôxômiya
 ब्राह्मी लिपि प्रकृत, संस्कृत
 Balinese
 Batak Toba and other Batak languages
 Baybayin Ilokano, Kapampangan, Pangasinan, Tagalog, Bikol languages, Visayan languages, and possibly other Philippine languages
 बांग्ला लिपि बांग्ला भाषा, मैथिली भाषा
 Buhid
 Burmese Burmese, Karen languages, Mon, and Shan
 Cham
 Dehong Dehong Dai
 देवनागरी हिन्दी, संस्कृत, मराठी, नेपाली, तथा उत्तरी भारत एवं नेपाल की अनेकों भाषाएँ
 Gujarāti Gujarāti, Kachchi
 Gurmukhi script Punjabi
 Hanuno’o
 Javanese
 Kaganga Rejang
 Kaithi
 Kannada Kannada, Tulu
 Kawi
 Khmer
 Lao
 Limbu
 Lontara’ Buginese, Makassar, and Mandar
 Malayalam
 Mithilākshara {syn. Vaidehī lipi / Tirahutā / Tirhutā } Used to write Maithili
 Modi Marathi
 Nepal Nepal Bhasa, Sanskrit
 Oriya
 Phags-pa Mongolian, Chinese, and other languages of the Yuan Dynasty Mongol Empire
 Ranjana Nepal Bhasa, Sanskrit
 Śāradā
 Siddham used to write Sanskrit
 Sinhala
 Sourashtra
 Soyombo
 Sundanese
 Syloti Nagri – Sylheti
 Tagbanwa Languages of Palawan
 Tai Dam
 Tai Tham Khün, and Northern Thai
 Tamil
 Telugu
 Thai
 Tibetan
 Tirahutā / Tirhutā {syn. Vaidehī lipi / Mithilākshara } used to write Maithili
 Tocharian
 Varang Kshiti Ho

 अन्य-अबुगिडालिपयः 
 Canadian Aboriginal syllabics Cree syllabics (for Cree), Inuktitut syllabics (for Inuktitut), and other variants for Ojibwe, Carrier, Blackfoot, and other languages of Canada
 Ethiopic Amharic, Ge’ez, Oromo, Tigrigna
 Kharoṣṭhī Gandhari, Sanskrit
 Mandombe
 Meroitic Meroë
 Pitman Shorthand
 Pollard script Miao
 Sorang Sompeng Sora
 Thaana Dhivehi
 Thomas Natural Shorthand

 अन्तिमव्यञ्जन-डायाक्रिटिक् अबुगिडा (Final consonant-diacritic abugidas) 

 Róng Lepcha

 स्वराधारित-अबुगिडा लिपयः (Vowel-based abugidas) 
 Boyd's Syllabic Shorthand
 Japanese Braille Japanese
 Pahawh Hmong Hmong

 अनाविष्कृतलिपयः (Undeciphered systems) 
 Byblos syllabary the city of Byblos
 Isthmian (apparently logosyllabic)
 Indus Indus Valley Civilization
 Quipu Inca Empire (probably numerical only)
 Khitan small script Khitan
 Cretan hieroglyphs
 Linear A (a syllabary) Minoan
 Mixtec Mixtec (perhaps pictographic)
 Olmec Olmec civilization (possibly the oldest Mesoamerican script)
 Phaistos Disc (a unique text, very possibly not writing)
 Proto-Elamite Elam (nearly as old as Sumerian)
 Rongorongo Rapa Nui (perhaps a syllabary)
 Proto-Sinaitic (likely an abjad)
 Zapotec Zapotec (another old Mesoamerican script)
 Banpo symbols  Yangshao culture (perhaps proto-writing)
 Jiahu symbols  Peiligang culture (perhaps proto-writing)

 अनाविष्कृतपाण्डुलिपयः  
 Voynich manuscript
 Rohonc Codex
 Codex Seraphinianus
 Hamptonese
 Dorabella cipher

 अन्यलिपयः 

Asemic writing is generally meaningless, though it sometimes contains ideograms or pictograms.

 ध्वन्यात्मकवर्णयुक्तलिपयः(Phonetic alphabets) 
This section lists alphabets used to transcribe phonetic or phonemic sound; not to be confused with spelling alphabets like the ICAO spelling alphabet.
 International Phonetic Alphabet
 Deseret alphabet
 Unifon
 Americanist phonetic notation
 Uralic Phonetic Alphabet
 Shavian alphabet

 विशिष्टवर्णमाला 
Alphabets may exist in forms other than visible symbols on a surface. Some of these are:

इन्द्रियग्राह्यवर्णलिपयः
 Braille
 Moon type
 New York Point
 Night writing

 आयासः वर्णलिपयः (Manual alphabets) 
 Fingerspelling
For example:
 American Sign Language
 American manual alphabet
 Korean manual alphabet
 Cued Speech

 दूरसञ्चारी सांकेतिकवर्णलिपयः (Long-Distance Signaling) 
 International maritime signal flags
 Morse code
 Flag semaphore
 Optical telegraphy

 वैकल्पिकवर्णलिपयः (Alternative alphabets) 
 Gregg Shorthand
 Initial Teaching Alphabet
 Pitman Shorthand
 Quikscript

काल्पनिकलिपयः 
 Ath (alphabet)
 Aurebesh
 Cirth
 D'ni
 Goa'uld
 Hymmnos
 Klingon
 On Beyond Zebra!
 Quenya
 Sarati
 Sindarin
 Tengwar
 Unown

टिप्पणी

 बाह्यानुबन्धः 
 Omniglot: a guide to writing systems
 Ancient Scripts: Home:(Site with some introduction to different writing systems and group them into origins/types/families/regions/timeline/A to Z)
 Michael Everson's Alphabets of Europe
 Deseret Alphabet

वर्गः:लिपिशास्त्रम्‎
वर्गः:संस्कृतिसम्बद्धाः स्टब्स्
वर्गः:अन्यभाषालेखाः
वर्गः:सर्वे अपूर्णलेखाः

वर्गः:सारमञ्जूषा योजनीया‎