Imibereho y’ababana n’ubumuga mu Rwanda

Imibereho y’ababana n’ubumuga mu Rwanda igaragaza uko abana bafite ubumuga babaho, uburyo Leta n’abafatanyabikorwa babafasha, n’imbogamizi bagihura nazo mu burezi, ubuzima n’imibereho. Ubumuga bushobora kuba ubw’umubiri, ubw’ubwenge, ubw’amarangamutima cyangwa ubuvukanwa. Abana bafite ubumuga bakeneye ubufasha bwihariye kugira ngo bagere ku burenganzira bwabo nk’abandi bana bose. 

 Amategeko n’amabwiriza abigenga 
Itegeko n° 01/2007 ryo ku wa 21 Gicurasi 2007 rigena uburyo bwo kurengera abantu bafite ubumuga mu Rwanda. Rishyiraho uburyo bwo gutanga uburezi bukwiye no gushyigikira abantu bafite ubumuga mu buzima bwabo bwa buri munsi.Itegeko rigenga abantu bafite ubumuga (2007)

Nanone, Itegeko No 54/2011 ryerekeye uburenganzira n’itegurwa ry’umwana rifasha mu kurengera abana bafite ubumuga. Itegeko No 54/2011 rigena uburenganzira n’itegurwa ry’umwana mu Rwanda.

Leta y’u Rwanda yashyizeho politiki y’uburezi burimo bose (Inclusive Education Policy) kugira ngo abana bafite ubumuga babone amahirwe angana n’abandi mu burezi no mu buzima.UNICEF Rwanda: Inclusive Education is a reality in Rwanda

 Imibereho y’abana bafite ubumuga 

 Uburezi 
Mu mashuri y’incuke n’abanza, abana bafite ubumuga bakunze guhura n’ibibazo byo kubona ibikoresho bibafasha cyangwa abarimu bafite ubumenyi mu burezi bwihariye. Leta yashyizeho gahunda y’abafasha b’amashuri (teacher assistants) n’amashuri y’icyitegererezo yita ku burezi burimo bose.UNICEF Rwanda, 2023

Mu mashuri yisumbuye, hari ibigo bimwe na bimwe byashyizeho uburyo bwo gufasha abanyeshuri bafite ubumuga gukurikira amasomo, ariko ibikoresho n’imfashanyigisho ziracyari nke.

 Ubuzima n’imibereho 
Abana bafite ubumuga bahura n’imbogamizi mu kubona serivisi z’ubuzima, harimo kugenzurwa hakiri kare (screening) n’ibikoresho bibafasha mu mibereho ya buri munsi. Mu miryango itishoboye, ubukene butuma bamwe batitabwaho uko bikwiye.Hope and Homes for Children Rwanda, 2023

 Kurindwa no kwitabwaho mu muryango 
Abana bafite ubumuga bamwe bahura n’ihezwa rikomoka ku myumvire, cyangwa bagatereranwa n’imiryango. Leta n’imiryango itegamiye kuri Leta bakoze ubukangurambaga bwo guteza imbere imyumvire yo kwakira no kurengera abo bana.Itegeko No 71/2018 rigena kurengera umwana

 Ingero z’uturere 

 Musanze

Mu karere ka Musanze, umuryango Ubumwe Community Center utera inkunga abana bafite ubumuga babona ibikoresho n’ubufasha bwihariye mu mashuri. 

 Nyarugenge

Mu mujyi wa Kigali, ikigo HVP Gatagara cyakira abana bafite ubumuga bw’ingingo n’ubw’ubwenge, kikabafasha mu myigire n’ubuzima.HVP Gatagara Rwanda

 Huye

Abana bafite ubumuga mu karere ka Huye bafashwa ku bitaro bya Kabutare kubona ubuvuzi n’ibikoresho byo kugenda  biturutse ku bufatanye n’umushinga nyarwanda Rwanda Resilience and Grounding Organization nk’uko byatangajwe mu nkuru ya Igihe.com. 

 Rutsiro

Mu karere ka Rutsiro, gahunda y’uburezi burimo bose igenda ifasha abana bafite ubumuga kwinjizwa mu mashuri y’ibanze, nubwo imbogamizi z’imihanda n’ibikoresho bigihari nk'uko bigaragara kurubuga rw'akarere ka Rutsiro .

 Imbogamizi 

 Ibikorwa remezo bidahagije by’amashuri n’amavuriro.
 Imyumvire ikiri hasi ku bijyanye n’ubumuga mu baturage bamwe.
 Ubukene n’ibura ry’ibikoresho byihariye.
 Kutagira ubushakashatsi buhoraho ku mibereho y’abana bafite ubumuga.UNICEF Rwanda, 2022

 Inama n’ingamba 

 Gukomeza guteza imbere gahunda y’uburezi burimo bose.
 Guhugura abarimu n’ababyeyi ku bijyanye n’uburezi bw’abana bafite ubumuga.
 Guteza imbere ibikorwa remezo bijyanye n’ubuzima n’uburezi.
 Gukora ubushakashatsi bwagutse ku mibereho y’abana bafite ubumuga.
 Gutanga inkunga ku miryango ifite abana bafite ubumuga.

 Imibare igaragara 
IkintuAgaciroAbana bafite ubumuga mu Rwanda bose1.8 % by’abana boseNISR, RPHC5 Report, 2023Abana bafite ubumuga mu mashuri abanza1.1 %UNICEF Rwanda, 2023Abana bafite ubumuga mu mashuri yisumbuye0.6 %UNICEF Rwanda, 2023

 Umusozo 
Abana bafite ubumuga mu Rwanda bafite amahirwe menshi yo guteza imbere imibereho yabo, ariko haracyari imbogamizi nyinshi. Imbaraga za Leta, imiryango n’abaturage muri rusange zigomba guhurizwa hamwe kugira ngo buri mwana abone uburenganzira bungana n’ubw’abandi.

 Reba nanone 

 Uburenganzira bw’umwana mu Rwanda ku burezi n’imibereho
 HVP Gatagara

 Amasano yo hanze 

 UNICEF Rwanda
 Hope and Homes for Children Rwanda
 National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda

 References 

Ikiciro:Kinyarwanda
Ikiciro:Ubumuga (Rwanda)
Ikiciro:Uburenganzira bwa muntu