Iterambere ry'abari n'abategarugori mu Rwanda

Mu  myaka yo hambere  mbere yuko abazungu baza mu Rwanda( mu kinyejana cya 19) sosiyete y'U Rwanda yari ishingiye ku muryango wa patriarkiya( ugenderaho ku butware bw'abagabo) aho Abagore bafatwaga nk'abantu bagomba kubahwa ariko batari bafite uburenganzira bwinshi ku bijyanye n'ifata-rwanzuro, Bari bashinzwe cyane imirimo yo mu rugo kurera n'ubuhinzi ariko nta bureganzira bwo kuragwa ku matungo cyangwa gufata ibyemezo bikomeye mu muryango. Abagore bake bonyine nibo bashoboraga kubona agaciro kenshi iyo bari abavuzi,abahanuzi, cyangwa ababyeyi b'abami.

Mu gihe cy'ubukoloni bw'abadage n'ababiligi ( 1890s-1959) byarushijeho kudindiza abagore ( abakoloni bashyizeho ubuyobozi bushingiye ku bagabo gusa, bityo  abagore barirengagizwa mu nzego zose, ishuri ryatangiriye ku bahungu abakobwa n'abagore ntibigeze bahabwa amahirwe yo kwiga, nta burenganzira bwo gutora, gutunga ubutaka cyangwa se kwiyamamaza mu nzego) .

Mu gihe cya Repubuika ya mbere niya kabiri(1962-1994) habonetse intambwe ya mbere y'impinduka:

 1960s-1980s; Guverinoma ya kayibanda na Habyarimana yatanze uburezi ku bagore ku rugero ruto.
 1975: U Rwanda rwitabiriye bwa mbere Umwaka mpuzamahanga w'abagore washyizweho na Loni, bigaragaza ko hari ubushake bwo gutangira kubazirirkana.
 Habayeho imiryango y'abagore nka Union des Femmes Rwandaises n'izindi zashinzwe, ariko zagendaga zikora gusaku bijyanye n'uburere bwiza n'ubuzima, si ku bibazo by'uburenganzira.
 Ariko abagore ntibari mu myanya y'ubuyobozi: poitiki, ubukungu n'ubucuruzi byagumye ari iby'abagabo.
 Muri rusange, nubwo hari intambwe nkeya zatewe ntampinduka zifatika zabaye mu bijyanye n'uburinganire n'iterambere ry'abagore.

Iterambere nyuma ya 1994, iki nicyo gihe  cy'ingenzi mu iterambere ry'abari n'abategarugori ubwo Guverinoma y'U Rwanda( FPR Inkotanyi) yashyizeho gahunda zikomeye:

 Itegeko Nshinga ryo mu 2003 ryashyizeho ko 30% by'inzego zose zigomba kugira abagore.
 Hashyizweho MINFRA( Minisiteri y'uburinganire), hamwe n'ama " Gender Monitoring Offices" agamije  gukurikirana ibirebana n'abagore n'abakobwa.
 Abagore batangiye kwigishwa uburenganzira bwabo, guhabwa amahugurwa, gutangirwa inguzanyo.

 Amavugururwa 

 Amategeko mashya yemeje ko Abagore bashobora kuragwa, gutunga ubutaka no gufata ibyemezo mu muryango.
 Kurwanya ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina byashyizwe mu mategeko'
 Hatangiye kubakwa gahunda zo kwigisha abakobwa ikoranabuhanga, guhugura abacuruzi b'abagore no kubafasha kwinjira mu masoko.

U Rwanda rufatwa nk'ikitegererezo ku isi kuva mu mwaka wa 2005 kugeza ubu. U Rwanda rufatwa nk'igihugu cya mbere  muri Afurika  n'isi mu gushyigikira iterambere ry'abagore:

 Inteko Ishinga Amategeko ifite abagore barenga 60% aricyo gihugu cya mbere ku isi.
 Abagore bari mu butegetsi bw'igihugu, ubucuruzi, uburezi, ikoranabuhanga n'ubuvuzi.
 hari ibigo byita ku bagore byabaye intangarugero nka ; 

 Isange one stop center ( ku bahohotewe)
 Women for women Rwanda
 Akilah institute, FAWE Rwanda, n'ibindi bigo byigisha abakobwa.

Kera Abagore babaga mu muryango utegekwa n'abagabo badafite ijambo ariko ubu Abari n'Abategarugori bari mu myanya y'ubuyobozi, bashyigikiwe n'amategeko n'imishinga.

Nta burenganzira bwo gutunga, kwiga cyangwa kuyobora ariko ubu iterambere ryabo ryahindutse rishingiye kuri olitiki y'uburinganire, amavugurura y'amategeko n'uruhare rwabo mu kubaka igihugu.

 Amashakiro 
https://www.gmo.gov.rw/

https://www.statistics.gov.rw/statistical-publications/gender-and-youth/gender/national-gender-statistics-report-2024

https://africa.unwomen.org/en/where-we-are/eastern-and-southern-africa/rwanda

https://rwandadispatch.com/empowering-rwandas-future-how-gender-equality-is-shaping-a-sustainable-society/