Impiswi

Indwara y'impiswi, nanone yitwa impiswi, ni uburyo bwo kugira byibura amara atatu arekuye, atemba, cyangwa y'amazi buri munsi. Bikunze kumara iminsi mike kandi bishobora kuvamo umwuma kubera kubura amazi. Ibimenyetso byo kubura umwuma akenshi bitangirana no gutakaza uburebure busanzwe bwuruhu nimyitwarire irakaze. Ibi birashobora gutera imbere kugabanuka kwinkari, gutakaza ibara ryuruhu, umuvuduko w'umutima wihuse, no kugabanuka kubyitabira uko bikabije. Intebe zidakabije ariko zidafite amazi kubana bonsa gusa, ariko, ni ibisanzwe.

Impamvu zikunze kugaragara cyane ni kwandura amara bitewe na virusi, bagiteri, cyangwa parasite - indwara izwi kandi nka gastroenteritis. Izi ndwara akenshi ziboneka mu biryo cyangwa amazi byanduye umwanda, cyangwa biturutse ku wundi muntu wanduye. Ubwoko butatu bw'impiswi ni: igihe gito impiswi y'amazi, igihe gito cyo gucibwamo amaraso, hamwe n'impiswi ikomeza (kumara ibyumweru birenga bibiri, bishobora kuba amazi cyangwa amaraso). Igihe gito impiswi y'amazi irashobora guterwa na kolera, nubwo ibi bidasanzwe mubihugu byateye imbere. Niba amaraso ahari, bizwi kandi nka dysentery. Impamvu nyinshi zitandura zirashobora gutera impiswi. Muri byo harimo kutoroherana kwa lactose, syndrome de munda, kutagira celiac gluten sensitivite, indwara ya celiac, indwara zifata amara nka colitis ulcerative colitis, hyperthyroidism, diarrhea aside aside, hamwe n'imiti myinshi. Mubihe byinshi, imico yintebe kugirango yemeze impamvu nyayo ntabwo isabwa.

Indwara y'impiswi irashobora kwirindwa no kunoza isuku, amazi meza yo kunywa, no gukaraba intoki n'isabune. Kwonsa byibuze amezi atandatu no gukingira rotavirus nabyo birasabwa. Igisubizo cyo mu kanwa (ORS) - amazi meza afite umunyu mwinshi hamwe n'isukari - nuburyo bwo guhitamo. Ibinini bya Zinc nabyo birasabwa. Iyi miti bivugwa ko yakijije abana miliyoni 50 mu myaka 25 ishize. Iyo abantu barwaye impiswi birasabwa ko bakomeza kurya ibiryo byiza kandi abana bagakomeza konsa. Niba ubucuruzi bwa ORS butaboneka, ibisubizo byakorewe murugo birashobora gukoreshwa. Kubafite umwuma mwinshi, hashobora gukenerwa amazi yimitsi. Imanza nyinshi; icyakora, irashobora gucungwa neza hamwe na flux kumunwa. Antibiyotike, nubwo idakoreshwa gake, irashobora gusabwa mugihe gito nkabafite impiswi zamaraso hamwe n'umuriro mwinshi, abafite impiswi ikabije nyuma yingendo, nabahinga bagiteri cyangwa parasite zihariye. Loperamide irashobora gufasha kugabanya umubare wamaraso ariko ntibisabwa kubafite uburwayi bukomeye.

Hafi ya 1.7 kugeza 5 miliyari zanduye zimpiswi zibaho buri mwaka. Bikunze kugaragara cyane mu bihugu bikiri mu nzira y'amajyambere, aho abana bato barwara impiswi ugereranije gatatu mu mwaka. Impfu zose zatewe n'impiswi zigera kuri 1.26 miliyoni muri 2013 - munsi ya 2.58 miliyoni mu 1990. Mu mwaka wa 2012, yari iya kabiri mu mpfu zikunze kwibasira abana bato bari munsi y’imyaka itanu (miliyoni 0,76 cyangwa 11%). Ibice bikunze kurwara impiswi nabyo ni impamvu itera imirire mibi kandi ikaba ikunze kugaragara cyane kubatarengeje imyaka itanu. Ibindi bibazo birebire bishobora kuvamo harimo gukura kudindiza no gutera imbere m'ubwenge.

 Reba 

Category:Translated from MDWiki