Ubutwari mubanyarwanda

Intangiriro 
U Rwanda igihugu ni igihugu cyaremanywe ibigwi n'imihigo, abaturage ba rwo, baremanywe ubutarushwa n'ubutaneshwa. Uwo mujyo ni wo wagiye uhererekanywa kuva mugisekuru kugera mukindi mu banyarwanda n'ababakomokaho mu myaka amagana n'amagana u Rwanda rumaze.

Ni yo mpamvu bigoye kandi bizagorana, kubona  u Rwanda cyangwa abanyarwanda mu bikorwa by'ubugwari cyangwa se intekerezo mbi. U Rwanda ni igihugu gitekereza abaturage ba cyo, abaturanyi n'isi muri rusange. https://www.igihe.com/umuco/amateka/article/ubutwari-bw-abanyarwanda-igiti-cyatewe-kitimejeje

U Rwanda rwagiye rugira abami bihatiye kugaragaza ibikorwa by'ubutwari ndetse n'abagiye mu mujyo wa bo bakabaha ingororano. Uwabimbuye ayo mateka yo gushyiraho ibihembo by'intwari ku rugamba ndetse n'umugayo w'ibigwari,ni umwami Ruganzu Ndoli, watwaye u Rwanda ahasaga mu wa 1510 kugeza 1543.

Bitewe nuko Ruganzu Ndoli yari afite akazi katoroshye ko gushimangira igitinyiro cy'igihugu cy' u Rwanda mu mahanga aruzengurutse nyuma yo kurubundura rumaze imyaka 11 rutagira umwami, yashakishije ikintu cyatuma abaturage ayoboye n'Ingabo bari kumwe mu igababitero byo koromya amahanga adakunda u Rwanda, bagira ubushake bwo kwitabira no kwitangira igihugu mu mugambi ukome barimo wo kubaka u Rwanda, wari ugeze kure mu bitero byo kwagura igihugu.

Muri uwo mugambi wo kwagura u Rwanda, ni bwo Umwami yaciye iteka rigena ingororano z'intwari zagaragaje ubudasa muri buri gikorwancyerekeranye na gahunda yari yimirijwe imbere, agena imitere y'umugayo ugawa ibigwari byatereranye abandi kurugamba.

Ingorarano cyangwa impeta z'ubutwari, zatumaga abanyarwanda barushaho gushira amanga no kurwana ishyaka ryo kwikura mu bucakara bw'amahanga no kwigarurira ibihugu. Inzego z'intwari n'Impeta zahabwaga intwari uhereye kungoma ya Ruganzu Ndoli, zari ziteye zitya:

Umudende: Umudende yari impeta y'ubutwari yambikwaga intwari yicaga ababisha barindwi ibatsinze mu itsimbiro. Kubatsinda mu itsimbiro, ni ukuvuga uwo ufashe mpiri ataguye mu kivunge cy'abishi n'inyuranamo ry'imyambi n'amacumu.

Impotore: Impotore ni impeta y'ubutwari yambikwaga umuntu wivuganye ababisha cyangwa abanyamahanga 14 abatsinze mu rukubo. Nyuma y'urugamba yambikwaga umuringa usa n'amazi uzinze nk'inyabubiri akawambara ku kuboko kw'ibutyo. Usibye kumwambika uwo muringa, yanahabwaga amashyo y'inka, ubundi agatunga agatunganirwa.

Gucana uruti: Impeta y'ikirenga mu Rwanda rwo ha mbere yari iyo; ''Gucana uruti". Iyo mpeta yahabwaga umuntu wishe ababisha 21 ku rugamba, abatsinze mu itsimbiro. Kugira ngo ayihabwe ibwami haberaga imihango ikomeye ikitabirwa n'umwami ubwe.

Uwo muntu wacanye uruti, yabaga yubashye bitavugwa akanafatwa nk'intwari y'ikirenga koko!!! Yahabwaga  Inka nyinshi z'amashyo n'amasibo,n'imisozi yo gutegeka,agasonerwa kujya ku rugamba. Ibyo bikagaragazwa nuko yafataga icumu rye, akarishinga mu muriro igiti rikwikiyemo kigashya nk'ikimenyetso cy'uko asoje urugamba atazongera kurusubiraho, ari nayo yabaye inkomoko y'iryo zina. 

Nyuma yogushyiraho impeta z'ishimwe ku ntwari zagaragaje ubudasa mu bitero byo kwagura igihugu, Ruganzu Ndoli yashyizeho n'izindi ngororano zahabwaga Ingabo iyo ariyo yose yatsindaga urugamba, n'ubwo yabaga itari mu rwego rwa'abahabwa Imidende, Impotore cyangwa se Abacana uruti. Ingororano zahabwaga ingabo zatsinze urugamba ndetse n'ibigwari byaruhunze ni izi zikurikira:

Inka Y'umuheto: Inka y'umuheto ni Inka yagororerwaga Ingabo yose yabaga yagabye urugamba ikarutsinda, kabone n'ubwa yabaga nta mubisha yatsinze mu itsimbiro. Ariko mu bigaragara ntaba yaratereranye abandi ku rugamba, yabaga yararwitabiriye akarurasanira kabone n'ubwo atagiraga uwo ahamya, kugeze urugamba rusoje bagatahana intsinzi.

Inka y'imirindi: Burya murugamba rwose habamo intwari hakabamo n'ibigwari, habamo abarwitabira hakaba n'abaruhunga. Inka y'imirindi yagabirwaga ibigwari byose byahunze urugamba , mu buryo bwo kugira ubwoba bagatoroka, cyangwa se mu butyo bwo kutarwitabira, ntibanitabire uwo muhamagaro, abandi bafashe iya mbere mu kururwanirira, cyangwa se kwigira ntibindeba no kwikunda.

Inka y'ubumanzi: Ni inka yahabwaga undi wese wakoze ibindi bikorwa by'indashyikirwa bitari ibyo ku rugamba n'intambara. 

N'ubwo ibyo bigwari byahabwaga Inka imeze kimwe n'iy'Intwari, ariko bwari uburyo bwo kunenga mu kinyabupfura kw'Abanyarwanda.

icyatandukanyaga izo nka ni izina gusa, kuba warahawe Inka y'ubutwari , undi agahabwa Inka y'ubugwari, ntabwo mwakwishima kimwe, kuko byatumaga nabo bikosora bagaharanira ubutwari.

Intango y'Abahizi: Mu Rwanda rwo ha mbere, bagiraga ibikoresho mugerwa byifashishwaga mu gupima ibisukika,ndetse bikifashishwa mu gusangiriramo ibinyobwa. Muri ibyo bikoresho habagamo, Ikibindi, Urweso n'Akeso, uko byatandukanaga mu mazina ,ni nako byabaga bitangana no mu bumini.

Intwari zasangiriraga ku Ntango, cyangwa se ibirori byahuje abantu benshi, kigakoreshwa kandi n'imiryango yifite, Intango kikaba yari mu bwoko bw'ibibumbano, ikaba ingana n'ikibindi kinini cyane( kijyamo ijerekani hejuru y'eshanu). Ikibindi cyo cyasangirwagamo nabantu bake bahuriye mu birori baciriritse cyangwa se imiryango itifite cyane (kijyamo ijerikani).

Mu rwego rwo gushimira ingabo zasoje urugamba , zasangiraga ku Ntango,y'Abahizi zakundaga guterekwa ingabo n'abagaba bazo mu gitaramo mvarugamba, inzoga yabaga  irimo yo yanjyenwaga n'ibwami.

Akeso k'isoni: Ikigwari ntabwo cyasangiraga hamwe n'abandi ku Ntango, nticyasangiraga na rubanda ruciriritse ku kibindi, yemwe no ku rweso rw'abatindi, ikigwari nticyabashaga kurusomaho. Ahubwo mu rwego rwo kugaya ubugwari bwa bamwe, mu gihe intwari zabaga zisangira ku " Ntango y'Abahizi" babashakiraga Akeso( Akabindi gato cyane!!! kajyamo amacupa nka 5 cyangwa munsi yayo) akaba ariko basangiriramo, kuko babaga babuze ubutwari, bakabura no kuba rubanda rwa giseseka kuko bananiwe kumaranira igihugu cyabo. Akeso ibigwari byasangiriragaho niko bitaga: " Akeso k'isoni" basangiriragaho mu rwego rwo kubereke ko babaye ibigwari badakwiriye gusangira nabandi ku Ntango.

Ibi bihembo byahabwaga Intwari k'urugamba byaremywe nu Umwami Ruganzu Ndoli, byaremye umwuka w'ubutwari buruseho mu Banyarwanda, bibabera igihabuzo gihanitse cyabaremyemo ikibatsi cy'ubutwari budatsimburwa n'ababisha kugeza magingo aya.

Uyu murage w'ubutwari utimejeje, ni wo wifashishijwe mu kubohora u Rwanda no guhagarika Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, none tuganzanye Intwari z'Imanzi , Imena n'ingenzi, zahagaze aho rukomeye , zirwanya amacakubiri m'u 

Abanyarwanda  kandi  bakomeje  kugira  umuco  wo  gufatanya,gukundana,no kugira ubutwari  mu bandi.
 Reference

Ikiciro:Wiki Loves Folklore 2025 in Rwanda