Ibyo wamenya ku mijyi n’ibihugu bishobora kuzazimira kubera kuzamuka kw’amazi y’inyanja

Amazi y’inyanja akomeje kwiyongera umusubizo kubera ihindagurika ry’ibihe ku buryo yikubye hejuru ya kabiri muri iki kinyejana ugereranyije n’igishize.

Ni ibitangazwa n’Ubuyobozi bw’Ikigo gishinzwe Inyanja n’Ikirere (NOAA) ndetse imijyi n’ibihugu bimwe na bimwe bishobora kuzazimira burundu kubera uku kuzamuka kw’amazi y’inyanja.

Imibare igaragaza ko mu kinyejana cya 20, amazi yazamukagaho milimetero 1,4 buri mwaka mu gihe muri iki kinyejana kuva mu 2006 kugeza muri 2015 yagiye azamuka ku butumburuke bwa milimetero 3,6 buri mwaka.

Ni imibare ishobora kuzagera kuri milimetero zibarirwa hagati ya 40 na 63 mu 2100 nk’uko abakurikiranira hafi iby’imihindagurikire y’ibihe babigaragaza.

Ubushakashatsi bwasohotse mu kinyamakuru Nature Communications mu 2019 bwerekanye ko amazi y’inyanja nakomeza kuzamuka ku rugero biri kubaho none, miliyoni 250 bazisanga mu kaga gakomeye mu 2100.

Gerd Masselink, umwarimu muri Kaminuza ya Plymouth mu Bwongereza, yavuze ko kuzimira kw’imijyi n’ibihugu bizaterwa n’uko abantu bazaba bitwaye mu kubikumira.

Atanga urugero ku buryo u Buholandi bukora ibishoboka byose ngo butazisanga muri iki kibazo yagize ati “Ahenshi mu Buholandi hari munsi y’ubutumburuke bw’inyanja ariko ntihazimira kubera ko Abaholandi bubaka kandi bagakomeza kurinda neza inkombe zabo.”

 Ni ibihe bihugu bishobora kuzahura n’ingaruka cyane ? 
Hari ibihugu bisanzwe biri ku butumburuke bwo hasi cyane kurusha ibindi aho ku isonga hari ibirwa bya Maldives bituwe n’abagera ku bihumbi 540 kandi amazi y’inyanja muri aka gace ashobora kuzamuka ku rugero rwa metero imwe yose ndetse bakavuga ko mu gihe yaba yazamutseho milimetero 45 mu 2100, 77% by’ubutaka bwa Maldives byazahita buzimira burundu.

Kiribati, ikirwa kiri rwagati mu nyanja ya Pacifique, gituwe n’abaturage bagera ku bihumbi 120, mu gihe ubutumburuke bw’amazi y’inyanja bwazamuka ku rugero rwa metero imwe, bibiri bya gatatu by’ubutaka bw’iki kirwa, bizahita biburirwa irengero kandi hafi mu batuye iki kirwa bose bagahita bagirwaho ingaruka n’uku kuzamuka kw’amazi y’inyanja.

Abagera kuri miliyoni eshatu batuye mu birwa by’Inyanja ya Pacifique kandi bari nibura mu bilometero 10 uvuye ku nkombe, bagirwa inama yo kuzaba baramaze kwimuka mbere y’uko iki kinyejana turimo kigera ku mpera zacyo.

Mu 2016, ubushakashatsi bwasohotse mu kinyamakuru cya Environment Research Letters, bwagaragaje ko hari uturwa dutanu twahingwaga two mu birwa bya Solomon, twamaze kuzimira ndetse hakaba hari n’utundi dutandatu twenda kurengerwa nk’uko ubu bushakashatsi bubitangaza.

Igihugu gifite abaturage benshi bazagerwaho n’ingaruka zo kuzamuka kw’amazi y’inyanja ni u Bushinwa aho abagera kuri miliyoni 43 bazisanga muri icyo kibazo, Bangladesh abagera kuri miliyoni 23 bazagerwaho n’izi ngaruka n’aho u Buhinde abagera kuri miliyoni 27 bazazahazwa no kuzamuka kw’amazi y’inyanja.

Ibihugu bitandukanye ku Isi bizagerwaho n’ingaruka zo kuzamuka kw’amazi y’inyanja icyakora kugeza mu 2100 nta gihugu na kimwe kizaba cyaramaze kurengerwa burundu n’ubwo uko imyaka izagenda yicuma ibi ngo bishobora kuzabaho.

Ubushakashatsi bugaragaza ko imijyi ifite ibyago byo kuzimira harimo Umurwa Mukuru wa Indonesia, Jakarta utuwe n’abagera kuri miliyoni 10. Hari kandi imijyi nka Lagos muri Nigeria, Dhaka muri Bangladesh na Bangkok muri Thaïlande ishobora kuzaba yaramaze kurengerwa mu 2100.

Ibihugu bigirwa inama yo kuba menge mu gihe hashyirwaho ibikorwaremezo hirindwa kuvogera inkombe z’amazi kugira ngo benshi mu batuye isi batazisanga baramaze kurengerwa n’amazi y’inyanja mu myaka iri imbere.

 Reba 
http://mobile.igihe.com/ibidukikije/article/ibyo-wamenya-ku-mijyi-n-ibihugu-bishobora-kuzazimira-kubera-kuzamuka-kw-amazi-y