Health insurance

Ubwishingizi bw'ubuzima cyangwa ubwishingizi bw'ubuvuzi (bizwi kandi nk'ubuvuzi muri Afurika y'Epfo) ni ubwoko bw'ubwishingizi bukubiyemo ibintu byose cyangwa igice cy'ibyago by'umuntu ufite amafaranga yo kwivuza . Kimwe nubundi bwoko bwubwishingizi, ibyago bisangirwa mubantu benshi. Mugereranije ingaruka rusange ziterwa nubuzima hamwe n’amafaranga y’ubuzima arenga kuri pisine, umwishingizi arashobora guteza imbere imiterere yimari isanzwe, nka premium buri kwezi cyangwa umusoro ku mushahara, kugirango atange amafaranga yo kwishyura inyungu zubuzima zivugwa mu bwishingizi; amasezerano. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5664619 Inyungu itangwa n’umuryango wo hagati, nkikigo cya leta, ubucuruzi bwigenga, cyangwa ikigo kidaharanira inyungu .

shyirahamwe ry’ubwishingizi bw’ubuzima muri Amerika rivuga ko ubwishingizi bw’ubuzima busobanurwa nk "ubwishingizi buteganya kwishyura inyungu biturutse ku burwayi cyangwa ibikomere. Harimo ubwishingizi bw'igihombo cyatewe n'impanuka, amafaranga yo kwivuza, ubumuga, cyangwa urupfu rutunguranye no gutandukana  http://kff.org/health-costs/report/how-private-insurance-works-a-primer/ 

 Amavu n'amavuko 

 Amasezerano hagati yabatanga ubwishingizi (urugero: isosiyete yubwishingizi cyangwa leta) numuntu cyangwa umuterankunga (uwo ni umukoresha cyangwa umuryango rusange). Amasezerano arashobora kongerwa (buri mwaka, buri kwezi) cyangwa ubuzima bwe bwose mugihe cyubwishingizi bwigenga. Irashobora kandi kuba itegeko kubenegihugu bose mugihe gahunda zigihugu. Ubwoko n'umubare w'amafaranga yo kwivuza azishyurwa n’ushinzwe ubwishingizi bw’ubuzima asobanurwa mu nyandiko, mu masezerano y’abanyamuryango cyangwa agatabo "Ibimenyetso byerekana ubwishingizi" ku bwishingizi bw’abikorera, cyangwa muri politiki y’ubuzima y’igihugu ku bwishingizi rusange.
 (Amerika yihariye) Muri Amerika, hari ubwoko bubiri bwubwishingizi bwubuzima - abaterankunga baterwa inkunga n’abikorera ku giti cyabo.  Urugero rwa gahunda yubwishingizi yatewe inkunga nabikorera ni gahunda ya ERISA yatewe inkunga nabakoresha. Isosiyete muri rusange yamamaza ko bafite imwe mu masosiyete akomeye y’ubwishingizi. Ariko, mubibazo bya ERISA, iyo societe yubwishingizi "ntabwo yishora mubikorwa byubwishingizi", barayiyobora. Kubwibyo, gahunda za ERISA ntabwo zigengwa n amategeko ya leta. Gahunda ya ERISA igengwa n'amategeko ya federasiyo iyobowe na Minisiteri ishinzwe umurimo muri Amerika (USDOL). Inyungu zihariye cyangwa amakuru arambuye tuyasanga muri Incamake Gahunda Ibisobanuro (SPD). Ubujurire bugomba kunyura mu kigo cyubwishingizi, hanyuma kuri Fiduciary yumukoresha. Niba bigikenewe, icyemezo cya Fiduciary kirashobora kuzanwa muri USDOL kugirango gisuzume niba ERISA yubahirizwa, hanyuma utange ikirego mu rukiko rw’ikirenga.

 Inshingano z'umuntu ku giti cye zishobora gufata uburyo butandukanye: 
Premium: Amafaranga abafite politiki cyangwa umuterankunga wabo (urugero umukoresha) yishyura gahunda yubuzima yo kugura ubwishingizi bwubuzima. (Amerika yihariye) Dukurikije amategeko y’ubuzima, igihembo kibarwa hakoreshejwe ibintu 5 byihariye bijyanye n’uwishingiwe. Izi ngingo ni imyaka, aho biherereye, ikoreshwa ry itabi, umuntu ku giti cye nu kwiyandikisha mumuryango, hamwe nicyiciro cyateganijwe uwishingiwe ahitamo.  

 Referances 
Ikiciro:Health