Y-chromosomal Adam

Muri genetics yabantu, Y-chromosomal abakurambere baheruka (Y-MRCA, bizwi ku izina rya Y-chromosomal Adam) ni ba sogokuruza baheruka (MRCA) aho abagabo bose bazima bakomoka kuri ba sekuruza. Ijambo Y-MRCA ryerekana ko Y chromosomes yabagabo bose babaho muri iki gihe ikomoka kuri Y chromosome ya basekuruza ba kure. Igitekerezo gisa na ba matrilineal ba sogokuruza baheruka kumenyekana kizwi nka "Eva Mitochondrial Eva" (mt-MRCA, cyiswe kwanduza mtDNA), umugore uheruka gukomokamo abantu bose bazima bakomokamo. Kimwe na "Eva Mitochondrial Eva", izina rya "Y-chromosomal Adam" ntirishyirwaho burundu kumuntu umwe, ariko rishobora gutera imbere mugihe cyamateka yumuntu kuko ibisekuruza byababyeyi bicika.
Ikigereranyo cyigihe Y-MRCA yabayeho nacyo cyahindutse uko ubumenyi bugezweho bwabakurambere bwabantu buhinduka. Mu mwaka wa 2013, havumbuwe haplogroup ya Y-chromosomal yari itaramenyekana, [1] bituma hahindurwa gato imyaka igereranijwe y’umuntu Y-MRCA. [2]

Mubisobanuro, ntabwo ari ngombwa ko Y-MRCA na mt-MRCA bagombye kubaho icyarimwe. [3] Mu gihe ibigereranyo guhera mu 2014 byerekanaga ko bishoboka ko abo bantu bombi bashobora kuba bari mu gihe kimwe, [4] ivumburwa rya kera Y-haplogroup ryasubije inyuma imyaka yagereranijwe ya Y-MRCA kurenza imyaka ishobora kuba ya mt-MRCA . Kugeza mu 2015, ibigereranyo byerekana imyaka Y-MRCA iri hagati yimyaka 200.000 na 300.000 ishize, ibyo bikaba bihuye no kuvuka kwabantu ba kijyambere.

Amakuru Y-chromosomal yakuwe muri Neanderthal ukomoka muri El Sidrón, Espanye, yatanze Y-T-MRCA yo mu myaka 588.000 ishize kuri Neanderthal na Homo sapiens patrilineages, yiswe ante Adam na 275.000 ishize kuri Y-MRCA. [6]