Amategeko y’ibidukikije (Environmental law)

Amategeko y’ibidukikije ni ijambo rusange rikubiyemo ingingo z’amategeko arengera ibidukikije. Phillipe Sands (2003) Principles of International Environmental Law. 2nd Edition. p. xxi Available at Accessed 19 February 2020 Gahunda ifitanye isano ariko itandukanye yubutegetsi bugenga amategeko, ubu yatewe cyane n’amahame y’ibidukikije, yibanda ku micungire y’umutungo kamere, nk’amashyamba, amabuye y'agaciro, cyangwa uburobyi. Ibindi bice, nko gusuzuma ingaruka z’ibidukikije, ntibishobora kuba bihuye neza muri ibyo byiciro, ariko nubwo ari ibintu byingenzi bigize amategeko y’ibidukikije

 Amateka 
ngero zambere zishyirwaho namategeko zagenewe kubungabunga ibidukikije, kubwinyungu zayo cyangwa kwishimira abantu, tubisanga mumateka. Mu mategeko asanzwe, uburinzi bwibanze bwabonetse mu mategeko abangamira, ariko ibyo byemereraga gusa ibikorwa by’abikorera ku byangiritse cyangwa ibihano iyo hari ibyangiritse ku butaka. Rero, impumuro ituruka ku ngurube, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aldred's_Case uburyozwacyaha bukomeye bwo guta imyanda, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R_v_Stephens cyangwa kwangizwa n'ingomero ziturika. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rylands_v_Fletcher Abikorera ku giti cyabo ariko, bari bake kandi wasangaga bidahagije kugira ngo bahangane n’ibibazo byangiza ibidukikije, cyane cyane ibangamira umutungo rusange. Mugihe cya " Impumuro nziza " yo mu 1858, guta imyanda mu ruzi rwa Thames byatangiye kunuka cyane mu gihe cy'izuba ku buryo Inteko Ishinga Amategeko yagombaga kwimurwa. Igitangaje ni uko itegeko rya Metropolitan Commission of Sewers Act 1848 ryemereye komisiyo ya Metropolitan ishinzwe abadozi gufunga imyanda ikikije umujyi bagerageza "kweza" ariko ibyo byatumye abantu banduza uruzi. Mu minsi 19, Inteko ishinga amategeko yemeje irindi tegeko ryo kubaka gahunda y’imyanda ya Londres . Londres nayo yahuye n’umwanda ukabije w’ikirere, kandi ibyo byaje kurangira muri " Umwotsi Ukomeye " wo mu 1952, ari nawo watumye hashyirwaho amategeko ubwayo: Itegeko ry’ikirere cyiza 1956 . Inzego z’ibanze zashyizweho zari ugushiraho imipaka ku byuka bihumanya ingo n’ubucuruzi (cyane cyane gutwika amakara ) mu gihe ubugenzuzi bwubahiriza kubahiriza.

 Kurwanya umwanda 
Amategeko y’ikirere  govern the emission of      Igice cyihariye cyamategeko yubuziranenge bwikirere agenga ubwiza bwumwuka imbere yinyubako . Amategeko y’ikirere akunze gushyirwaho mu rwego rwo kurengera ubuzima bw’abantu mu kugabanya cyangwa gukuraho imyuka ihumanya ikirere. Ibindi bikorwa byateguwe kugirango bikemure ibibazo by’ibidukikije bigari, nk’imipaka y’imiti igira ingaruka kuri ozone layer , hamwe na gahunda yubucuruzi bwohereza ibyuka kugirango bakemure imvura ya aside cyangwa imihindagurikire y’ikirere . Imbaraga zishinzwe kugenzura zirimo kumenya no gutondekanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, gushyiraho imipaka kurwego rwemewe rwoherezwa mu kirere, no gutegeka tekinoroji ikenewe cyangwa ikwiye.

 Ubwiza 

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