ଅକ୍ଷର କଳା

ଡାକଟିକେଟ ସଙ୍ଗ୍ରହରେ "ଟାଇପୋଗ୍ରାଫି, ବିଶେଷ କରି ୧୯ଶ ଶତକର ଡାକଟିକେଟରେ ଏହା ଛାପାଖାନା ଛପାକୁ ବୁଝାଇଥାଏ । ଅକ୍ଷର କଳା ବା ଟାଇପୋଗ୍ରାଫି (ଗ୍ରୀକ ଶବ୍ଦ τύπος(ଟାଇପୋସ/typos) = ଆଧାର/ରୂପ ଓ γραφή(ଗ୍ରାଫି/graphy) = ଲେଖନ) ଟାଇପସଜାଣି ପ୍ରକାରର କଲା ଓ କାରିଗରିକୁ ବୁଝାଇଥାଏ । ଏହି ସଜାଣି ଟାଇପଫେସ  ବଛା, ବିନ୍ଦୁ ଆକାର, ଧାଡ଼ି ଲମ୍ଚ, ଲିଡ଼ିଙ୍ଗ (ଧାଡ଼ି ସ୍ପେସିଙ୍ଗ), ଅକ୍ଷର ଧାଡ଼ି ଭିତରେ ଥିବା ଖାଲି ଜାଗା ସଜାଣି (ଟ୍ରାକିଙ୍ଗ) ଓ ଅକ୍ଷରଯୋଡ଼ା ଭିତରେ ଥିବା ଖାଲି ଜାଗା ସଜାଣି (କର୍ଣ୍ଣିଙ୍ଗ) ଆଦିକୁ ବୁଝାଇଥାଏ। ଟାଇପ ଡିଜାଇନ ଏକ ପ୍ରକାରର ହାତକାମ, ଯାହାକୁ କେହି କେହି ଅଲଗା ଓ କେହି କେହି ଅକ୍ଷର କଳା ବା ତାଇପୋଗ୍ରାଫିର ଏକ ଭାଗ ମନେକରିଥାନ୍ତି; ଅଧିକାଂଶ ଟାଇପକାର  ଟାଇପଫେସ ତିଆରି କରିନଥାନ୍ତି ଓ କେତେକ ଟାଇପ ଡିଜାଇନର ନିଜକୁ ଟାଇପୋଗ୍ରାଫର ମନେକରି ନଥାନ୍ତି ।Pipes, Alan. Production For Graphic Designers 2nd Edition, Page 40: Prentice Hall Inc 1997John Berry, Being a Typographer

 ଇତିହାସ 

 ଆରମ୍ଭ 
 ଅକ୍ଷର କଳା 
ରଙ୍ଗ
 ପଠନ ଓ ଦେଖଣା ଯୋଗ୍ୟ 
 ପରୀକ୍ଷାମୂଳକ ଅକ୍ଷରକଳା 
 ଦେଖଣା ଅକ୍ଷର କଳା 
 ପ୍ରଚାର 

 ଅନୁଶାସନ ଓ ପ୍ରତ୍ନତତ୍ତ୍ୱ ଅକ୍ଷରକଳା 

 ଆହୁରି ଦେଖନ୍ତୁ 
 ସହାୟକ ସଙ୍ଗଠନ 
 ଟୀକା 

 ଆଧାର 

 ASTM International D7298 Standard Test Method of Comparative Legibility by Means of Polarizing Filter Instrumentation



 Ch'on Hye-bong: "Typography in Korea", Koreana, Vol. 7, No. 2 (1993), pp. 10–19
 Bringhurst, Robert (2002). The Elements of Typographic Style (version 2.5). Vancouver: Hartley & Marks. . Often referred to simply as "Bringhurst", Elements is widely respected as the current authority on typographic style for Latin typography. (excerpts). Well-paired with Tschichold's The Form of the Book, below, from the same publisher.


 Heller, Steven and Meggs, Philip B. Texts on Type: Critical Writings on Typography (c) 2001, Allworth Press, Allworth Communications, New York. . A compilation of over fifty texts on the history, practice, and aesthetics of type design and typography.



 Lanciani, R.: "Topografia di Roma antica. I commentarii di Frontino intorno le acque e gli acquedotti. Silloge epigrafica aquaria", in: Memorie della Reale Accademia dei Lincei, Serie III, Volume IV, Classe di Scienze Morali, Rom 1881 (Reprint: Quasar publishing house, 1975), pp. 215–616





 Tracy, Walter Letters of Credit 1986 Gordon Fraser
 Tschichold, Jan (1991). The Form of the Book: Essays on the Morality of Good Design. Vancouver: Hartley & Marks. . A comprehensive collection of essays on the typographic art. A more classic companion to Bringhust, above.
 , , 2002,  for French typography.
 Swanson, Gunnar Graphic Design and Reading: explorations of an uneasy relationship (c) 2000, Allworth Press, Allworth Communications, New York. . The Crystal Goblet, or Printing Should Be Invisible Beatrice Warde; Improving the Tool Hrant H. Papazian.
 Alexander Lawson, Anatomy of a Typeface, first published in 1990, devotes entire chapters to the development and uses of individual or small groupings of typefaces. 
 White, Alex W. (1999). Type in Use – Effective typography for electronic publishing (version 2.0). W.W. Norton & Company, Inc. New York.  (pbk).
 Martínez de Sousa, José, Manual de estilo de la lengua española, 3.ª ed., Gijón: Trea, 2007. For Spanish typography.
 —, Ortografía y ortotipografía del español actual, 2.ª ed., Gijón: Trea, 2008. For Spanish typography.
 Mestres, Josep M.; Costa, Joan; Oliva, Mireia; Fité, Ricard. Manual d'estil. La redacció i l'edició de textos. 4a ed., rev. i ampl. Vic / Barcelona: Eumo / UB / UPF / Rosa Sensat, 2009. For Catalan typography.
 Pujol, J. M., i Solà, Joan: Ortotipografia. Manual de l'author, l'autoeditor i el dissenyador gràfic'', 2a ed., rev. Barcelona: Columna, 2000. For Catalan typography.


 ଅଧିକ ତଥ୍ୟ 

 AIGA typography articles  – Articles and interviews relating to typography from AIGA's Voice section.
 Decode Unicode – A wiki with all 98,884 Unicode characters, including full text search capability.
 Luc Devroye's typography pages  – Large list of typography and font resources
 Type-Culture Academic Resource  – Educational resources, including documentary videos about typography.
 Typography and the Invisible Goblet in Graphic Design  – Online essay.
 Typography from Vancouver film school – A short 2-minute infographic video explaining what Typography is.
 Examples of incunabula styles in McCune Collection
 Baseline magazine – A magazine for people interested in type, typography, graphic design and art related themes.
 I Love Typography.com – A typography- and font-centered blog.
 NYC Type – Daily photographs taken of interesting typography around NYC.
 Typedesk – An online journal of typography and graphic communication.

ଶ୍ରେଣୀ:ଅକ୍ଷର କଳା

ଶ୍ରେଣୀ:ଡିଜାଇନ
ଶ୍ରେଣୀ:ସଙ୍କେତ ଡିଜାଇନ
ଶ୍ରେଣୀ:ଗ୍ରାଫିକ ଡିଜାଇନ
ଶ୍ରେଣୀ:ଗ୍ରୀକ ଉଧାରକରା ଶବ୍ଦ
ଶ୍ରେଣୀ:ଡାକଟିକେଟ ସଙ୍ଗ୍ରହ ଶବ୍ଦାବଳୀ