Ubulwelwe obungena besibungwana esincani obenza umuntu aphophale

Ubulwelwe obungena besibungwana esincani obenza umuntu aphophale, obaziwa ngokuthi bulwelwe obuphophalisako bemlanjeni begoduyaziwa ngokuthi yi-Robles disease, bulwelwe obubangwa kutheleleka okulethwa  yitsikizi esasibungwana i-Onchocerca volvulus. Amatshwayo wobulwelwe lobu afaka hlangana nokulunywa okudluleleko esikhunjeni, kanyenokuphophala. Lobu ubulwelwe busebujameni besibili emalwelweni abanga ukuphophala, ngemvakwetrachoma.

Itsikizi esasibungwana le ingena esikhumbeni ithelelekengokulunywa yipukani ekulu enzimaefanane-Simulium umhlobo wempukani. Esikhathini esinengi umuntu kufanele alunywe kanengi ngaphambi kobana angatheleleka ngobulwelwe lobu. Iimpukani lezi ezikulu ezinzima zihlala hlanu komlambo, ngikho negama lobulwelwe lobu kuthiwa ybulwelwe obuphophalisako bemlanjeni. Nazingena ngaphakathi emuntwini, imbungwanyana lezi zenzaindlela yazo eyenza isibungu esisandukuqhoqhoselwaezizokungena ngazo esikhunjeni phakathi. Bese nasele zingene zanzinza nazo ziyakwazi bona zithelele ipukani ezokuluma esikhunjeni somuntu loyo. Kuneendlela ezimbalwa ezingasetjenziswa ukuthola umrabho wobulwelwe: ukubeka umtjhini i-biopsy phezu kwesikhumba ekhemikhalini esamanzana isaline bese ucala  isibungu esisandukuqhoqhoselwa nasiphumako, bese ucala ilihlo lesibungwana lesi, bese godu utjheja ingongoma engaphakathi kwesikhumba uqale iimbungu ezikulu.

U mjovo olwisana nobulwelwe lobu awutholakali awukho. Umuntu angazivikela ngokukhandela ukulunywa ziimpukani lezi ezikulu. Lokhu kungafaka hlangana ukusebenzisa isihlahla sokuvikela ukulunywa ziinunwana kanye nokwembatha kuhle. Eminye imizamo kungaba kukuthi uthele isipreyi esisihlahla sokubulala iinunwanwa eziphaphako. Imizamo yokuphungula ubulwelwe lobu ngokulatjhwa kweenqhema zabantu kuyenzeka kabili ngomnyaka eendaweni ezinengi ephasini zombelele. Ukulatjhwa kwalabo abathelelekileko kusetjenziswa iinhlahlai-ivermecticinqobe iinyanga ezisithandathu ukuya kezilitjhumu nambili. Isihlahla sokulapha lesi sibulala isibungu esisandukuqhoqhoselwa ingasi isibungu esikhulu. Isihlahla idoxycycline, yona ibulala umulwana i-endosymbiontebizwange-Wolbachia, isebenza ukubulala amandla wesibungu lesi, nayo iyakhuthazwa bona isetjenziswe. Ukususwa kwamalunda ngaphakathi kwesikumba nakho kungenziwa ngokobana umuntu ahlinzwe.

Isibalo esibalelwa ku17 ukuya kuma-25 weengidigidi, ababanjwe nofana abatheleleko bulwelwe bokuphophala bemlanjeni, ababalelwa eengidigidini ezi-0.8 inengi labo alisaboni ngamehlo seliphophele. Ukutheleleka okunengi kobulwelwe lobukwenzeka khulu esiyingini-seSahara ye-Africa, nanyana imibiko yezehlakalo ezinye iveleenarheni i-Yemen nakenzinye iindawo ezizijamelekoye-Amerikha kanyene-Sewula ye-Amerikha. Ngo-1915, udorhodereuRodolfo Robles waqathanisa kokuthoma ubulwelwe lobu nesifo samehlo. Kuveziwe erhelwenile-World Health Organization njengesifo esizijamele sodwa emangweni yethrophigi.
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Category:Wp/nd