U-Autshumato

U-Autshumato namkha u-Autshumao, (c. 1610-1663) amaDatjhi ebebamazi ngo-Harry die Strandloper, bekayikosi yesitjhaba sama-Khoekhoe ( namkha ama-Khoekhoe) ebesibizwa bona ma-Goringhaicona ebesihlala endaweni yeKapa lakade, amaDatjhi awayibiza nge-Cape of Good Hope. Ngesikhathi amaDatjhi afika, umuntu wokuthoma ukubamukela bekungu-Autshumao nabantu bakhe. Ngikho nje amaDatjhi bebababiza ngokuthi ma-Strandloper ngombana babathola bakhamba eligwini lelwandle. Kusukela bathoma ukubonana bathoma nokurhwebelana.Steemit Website (2018) SOUTH AFRICAN HISTORY: Autshumato translator and first Postmaster of The Cape of Good Hope. Retrieved from: https://steemit.com/history/@krabgat/south-african-history-autshumato-translator-and-first-postmaster-of-the-cape-of-good-hope. Retrieved on 14/01/2026.Camissa Museum (2026) Autshumao (1610 - 1674), Retrieved from: https://camissamuseum.co.za/index.php/7-tributaries/1-cape-indigenous-africans/autshumao. Retrieved on 12/01/2026. 

Into eyenza bona u-Autshumato aqakatheke emlandweni weSewula Afrika kukuthi zinengi izinto ezenzeka epilwenakhe ezivala isikhala somlando wokusebenzelana kwabantu abanzima nabamhlophe eSewula Afrika. U-Autsumato wasebenzelana nabantu ebebeza ngemikhumbi eKapa ngombana bekakwazi ukukhulumisana nabo ngesiNgisi, isiDatjhi, isiPutukezi nesiFrentji, begodu ukusebenzelana kwakhe nabo kwaba nemiphumela ehlala isikhathi eside, esesekhona bekube namhlanjesi.Britnnica Kids (2026) Autshumato, Britannica Kids website. Retrieved from: https://kids.britannica.com/kids/article/Autshumato/601918. Retrieved on 15/01/2026.

 Ipilwakhe Ngaphambi Kokufika KwamaDatjhi 
Kungenzeka u-Autshumato wabelethwa ngabo-1610 endaweni yeKapa ebeyibizwa bona yi-Cape of Good Hope. Bekayikosi yesitjhaba sama-Gorinhaikona, esima-Khoekhoe. Ibizo lakhe lokubelethwa bekungu-Arri, njengombana nezibulo lakhe igama lalo lingu-Arri. U-Autshumato (okutjho ukuthi "loyo othaya neemfesi,  ǀAu-tsâma-ao) bekulibizo ebebambongelela ngalo, ngebanga lokuthi bekathaya emanzini ngendlela erarako, aduda ngasuthi yifesi. 

Ngabo-1630 wathathwa maNgisi amusa e-Bantam eNgilandi bona ambandulele ukuba mkhulumeli wabantu abeza ngemikhumbi yamaNgisi. Ngibo abamupha negama lika-Harry. Kulapho afunda khona ukukhuluma isiNgisi nesiDatjhi. Kubonakala ngasuthi watjhinga ne-Batavia.  Wathi nakabuya eKapa ngo-1931, yena nabalandeli bakhe bavula isitetjhi sokurhweba e-Robben Island. Bekuthi imikhumbi nayifikako, ambathe iimpahla ezimbathwa maYurobhu, akhulume nabokapteni bemikhumbi ngesibindi. Lokho, kwenza u-Autshumato wabizwa ngokobana yi-'Governor' maNgisi namaFrentji. 

Kwaba nelinye godu ibanga elenza bona amaNgisi amthathe amuse e-Robben Island . U-Autshumato besele arhitjhene nezinye iintjhaba zama-Khoekhoe. Wabawa umkhumbi wamaNgisi ebewudlula endaweni leyo bona uthathe yena nabalandeli bakhe  basiwe e-Robben Island, nangambala kwaba njalo. Esikhathineso u-Autshumato wasebenziswa njengeposo yemikhumbi yamaYurobhu. Kungenzeka isiFrentji nesiPutukezi wazifunda lapho. Kwathi ngemva kweminyaka ebunane, ngabo-1940 wabuya, ngombana irarano liphelile.  Babuya esihlengehlengeni beza enarheni eKapa, lapha kuhlangana khona umlambo i-Camissa River nelwandle. Yena nomndenakhe ngibo ebebaphethe isitetjhi sokurhwebelana i-‖Ammaqua (okutjho bona Abantu bemanzini) okulibizo u-Jan Van Riebeeck ebekababiza ngalo ekuthomeni.Roben Island Museum (13 May 2017) Autshumato. Retrieved from: http://www.robben-island.org.za/departments/heritage/gallery/autshumato.asp. Retrieved on 14/01/2026.

 Ipilwakhe Ngemva Kokufika KwamaDatjhi 
Afika amaDatjhi ngo-1652 ngemikhumbi yawo emihlanu, i-Dromedaris, i-Reijger, i-Goede Hoop, i-Oliphant ne-Walvisch. Ukuthoma kokufika kwamaDatjhi eKapa (Cape of Good Hope) khenge kubamangaze abantu bendabuko bendawo leyo ama-Khoekhoe. AmaDatjhi afika nje ama-Khoekhoe besele kukade arhwebelana namaNgisi, amaPutukezi namaFrentji. Nangaphezu kokufika kuka-Van Riebeeck, ngokuya kuka-Knox‑Johnson, phakathi nomnyaka wabo-1600 kuya ku-1700, besele kudlule imikhumbi yamaDatjhi eyi-1 730. Yeke ama-Khoekhoe bekangawaqabuki amaDatjhi ngesikhatheso.Helen Swingler (22 September 2021) Heritage Month: The Khoi encountered Europeans long before Van Riebeeck, University of Cape Town News. Retrieved from: https://www.news.uct.ac.za/article/-2021-09-22-the-khoi-encountered-europeans-long-before-van-riebeeck. Retrieved on 12/01/2026.

Endabeni yokurhwebelana, zoke izinto ebezenzeka u-Jan Van Riebeeck wazitlola emajenalini wakhe. AmaDatjhi bewathenga iinkomo nezimvu kuma-Khoekhoe ngepahla ehlukahlukeneko kuhlanganise notjwala negwayi. Bese inyama yefuyo le idliwe, enye ithengiselwe abantu abadlula ngemikhumbi yekhamphani.

Kwathi ngenyanga kaSewula wango-1653 kwaba nokurhitjhana phakathi kuka-Autshumato nomelusi weenkomo zika-Van Riebeeck u-David Jansz. U-Autshumato wambulala wathatha iinkomo. Ukurhitjhanokhu kuthoma nje, iintjhaba ezimbili lezi besele zingasathelelani kuhle amanzi. AmaDatjhi besele aqala u-Autshumato nabantu bakhe njengamasela. U-Jan Van Riebeeck wathi u-Autshumato lisela elinelimi elibutjhelelezi. Ama-Khoekhoe aqala amaDatjhi njengabakhohlisi ngokuthi intengo yotjwala negwayi ayilingani nentengo yesilwana esifuywako. Bebathi bangabusela utjwala buphele, babone ifuywabo emadlelweni wamaDatjhi, yanda. Bese amaKhoekhoe akhambe ayoyeba.Castle of Good Hope (13th November 2018) Interpreters' Flawed Contracts With DutchRetrieved from: https://www.castleofgoodhope.co.za/index.php/news/100-news/142-interpreters-flawed-contracts-with-dutch. Retrieved on 14/01/2026.

Isenzakalo sokubulawa kuka-David Jansz sasusa ipi phakathi kwama-Khoe namaDatjhi. U-Van RieBeeck wathi u-Autshumato unomlandu wokubulala. Yeke kwaliwa ipi, ekugcineni ama-Khoe ahlulwa. U-Autshumato wabanjwa wasiwa ekuthunjweni e-Robben Island ngawo umnyaka ka-1653. Kodwana ngo-1655 watjhatjululwa wabuyiswa enarheni.  Nakafikako u-Jan Van Riebeeck wamamukela wambuyisela esikhundleni sakhe sokutologa.  Ngesikhathesi u-Autshumato besele azwisisa indlela amaYurobhu arhweba ngayo nendlela yokuzuza kiyo. Bekathi nakarhwebela u-Jan Van Riebeeck iinkomo, aqiniseke bona imbadelo yekhamphani yanele bona ingabhadela neenkomo azithengela zona yena, ngikho nje aba mumuntu oregileko eKapa. 

Ngokukhamba kwesikhathi kwaba nokhunye godu ukurhitjhana phakathi kwama-Khoekhoe namaDatjhi ngo-1657. Ukurhitjhanokhu kubangwa kungazwani kwama-Free Burghers (Vry Burgers)  neengqila ze-Madagascar.  U-Jan Van Riebeeck wakateleleka bona akhe isivikelo endaweni leyo, bona enze ama-Khoekhoe asuke endaweni leyo. Bekuthi ezinye iingqila naziphunyurhako asebenzise u-Autshumato njengesithunjwa ukuhlohlozela ama-Khoe bona akhambe ayokubamba iingqilezo. Kodwana iqhinga lika-Van Riebeeck khenge liphumelele ngendlela afuna ngayo. Kwathi ngo-1658 u-Autshumato wabanjwa, wathathelwa yoke ifuywakhe. Ngemva kokutjhutjhiswa wathunjwa wasiwa e-Robben Island godu. Kodwana wathi nakalapho waphunyurha ngesikepe esivuzako. Bekube kunamhlanjesi, u-Autshumato nguye kwaphela umuntu okghone ukuphunyurha e-Robben Island njengesibotjhwa. Kunokuthi nakabuyako enarheni abotjhwe, u-Van Riebeeck wambuyisela esikhundleni sakhe sokukhulumisana nokutologa. 

Ubuhlobo bamaDatjhi nama-Khoekhoe bebuhlala bunemiraro kangangobana amaDatjhi abatjhidisela kude nendawo abakiyo. U-Autshumato waragela phambili nokufuya nokurhwebelana nabakhambi namaDatjhi bekwaba sekufeni kwakhe ngo-1663, ngemva komnyaka u-Jan Van Riebeeck akhambile. Ngo-1713 u-Francois Valentyn wabika bona isitjhaba sama-Gorinhaikona besele singasabonakali endaweni leyo. Uthi kungenzeka baqedwe bulwele bepokisi obarhagala ngo-1713. 

 Iinkhombo