Gísli H. Guðjónsson

Gísli Hannes Guðjónsson (født 26. oktober 1947) er en britisk-islandsk professor í rettspsykologi ved Institute of Psychiatry ved King's College London, og særlig kjent for sitt arbeid og forskning på avhørsmetoder for unngå feil avgjørelser i rettssystemet («justisfeil»), spesielt på virkningen av ledende spørsmål og de fysiske og psykiske forhold ved utspørring av både mistenkte, vitner og sakkyndige. I den forbindelse har han utviklet Gudjonsson suggestibility scale (GSS), en test som avslører hvor lett påvirkelig en person er i en avhørssituasjon.

Guðjónsson har forsket på fenomenet falske tilståelser, og i 1982 beskrev han fenomenet memory distrust syndrome (MDS). Slik bidro han til at dommene mot Birmingham Six og Guildford Four ble avslørt som justismord i Storbritannia. De siktede ble både presset og truet til å innrømme lovbrudd de ikke hadde begått. I Norge var han sakkyndig i Birgitte Tengs-saken, og advarte mot avhørene i både den og Baneheia-saken, noe som ble ignorert.Gunnar Thorenfeldt: «Verdenskjent professor i rettspsykologi: Drapene var grusomme og har satt et varig merke på Norge», Aftenposten 24. oktober 2022

Guðjónsson holder hyppige gjesteforelesninger ved ulike universiteter over hele verden. Alene og sammen med andre (særlig professor Jón F. Sigurðsson) har han gitt ut en rekke bøker og forskningsrapporter.

 Utdannelse 
 1975 Brunel University, B.Sc Social Sciences (First Class Honours – prize awarded for performance in the examination)
 1977 University of Surrey, M.Sc Clinical Psychology
 1981 University of Surrey, Ph.D. (part-time over 3 years with a full-time clinical psychology post)

 Tillitsverv og æresverv 
 1984-89 – Honorary Principal Clinical Psychologist to the Maudsley and Bethlem Royal Hospital
 1990-Present – Honorary Top (B) Grade Clinical Psychologist to the Maudsley and Bethlem Royal Hospital
 1996 – Associate Editor-in-chief, Journal of Personality and Individual Differences
 1997-2005 – Co-Editor-in-chief, Journal of Personality and Individual Differences
 1989-90 – Deputy Chairman, Board of Studies in Psychology, University of London
 1991-92 – Chairman, Board of Studies in Psychology, University of London
 1992-95 – Head of the Adult National Clinical Psychology Services
 1996-fortsatt– Head of Forensic Psychology Services at The Maudsley Hospital (Southwark)
 1997-2000 – External Examiner, University of Surrey
 1998 – Fellow of the British Psychological Society
 1991-99 – Magistrate (Croydon Magistrates Court)
 2001 – Honorary Doctorate in Medicine, University of Iceland

 Et utvalg publikasjoner 
 Gísli H. Guðjónsson og Jón F. Sigurðsson (1994). How frequently do false confessions occur? An empirical study among prison inmates. Psychology, Crime and Law, 1, 21-26.
 Jón F. Sigurðsson og Gísli H. Guðjónsson (1994). Alcohol and drug intoxication during police interrogation and the reasons why suspects confess to the police. Addiction, 89, 985-997.
 Jón F. Sigurðsson og Gísli H. Guðjónsson (1995). Personality characteristics of drug-dependent offenders. Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, 49, 33-38.
 Gísli H. Guðjónsson og Jón F. Sigurðsson (1995). The relationship of confabulation to the memory, intelligence, suggestibility and personality of juvenile offenders. Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, 49, 373-378.
 Gísli H. Guðjónsson og Jón F. Sigurðsson (1996). The relationship of confabulation to the memory, intelligence, suggestibility and personality of prison inmates. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 10, 85-92.
 Jón F. Sigurðsson og Gísli H. Guðjónsson (1996). Psychological characteristics of juvenile alcohol and drug users. Journal of Adolesence, 19, 41-46.
 Jón F. Sigurðsson og Gísli H. Guðjónsson (1996). The psychological characteristics of ‘false confessors’. A study among Icelandic prison inmates and juvenile offenders. Personality and Individual Differences, 20, 321-329.
 Jón F. Sigurðsson og Gísli H. Guðjónsson (1996). Illicit drug use among Icelandic prisoners prior to their imprisonment. Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health, 6, 98-104.
 Jón F. Sigurðsson og Gísli H. Guðjónsson (1996). Illicit drug use among “false confessors”: A study among Icelandic prison inmates. Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, 50, 325-328.
 Jón F. Sigurðsson og Gísli H. Guðjónsson (1996). The relationship between types of claimed false confession made and the reasons why suspects confess to the police according to the Gudjonsson Confession Questionnaire (GCQ). Legal and Criminological Psychology, 1, 259-269.
 Jón F. Sigurðsson og Gísli H. Guðjónsson (1997). The criminal history of ‘false confessors’ and other prison inmates. The Journal of Forensic Psychiatry, 8, 447-455.
 Gísli H. Guðjónsson og Jón Friðrik Sigurðsson (1999). The Gudjonsson Confession Questionnaire-Revised (GCQ-R): factor structure and its relationship with personality. Personality and Individual Differences, 27, 953-968.
 Gísli H. Guðjónsson og Jón Friðrik Sigurðsson (2000). Differences and simillarities between violent offenders and sex offenders. Child Abuse & Neglect, 24, 363-372.
 Marius Peersen, Gísli H. Guðjónsson og Jón Friðrik Sigurðsson (2000). The relationship between general and specific attribution of blame for a “serious” act ant the role of personality. Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, 54, 25-30.
 Jón Friðrik Sigurðsson, Gísli H. Guðjónsson og Marius Peersen (2001). Differences in the cognitive ability and personality of desisters and re-offenders: A prospective study among young offenders. Psychology, Crime and Law, 7, 33-43.
 Jón Friðrik Sigurðsson og Gísli H. Guðjónsson (2001). False confessions: The relative importance of psychological, criminological and substance abuse variables. Psychology, Crime and Law, 7, 275-289.
 Gísli H. Guðjónsson, Jón Friðrik Sigurðsson, Berglind Brynjólfsdóttir, og Hrafnhildur Hreinsdóttir (2002). The relationship of compliance with anxiety, self-esteem, paranoid thinking and anger. Psychology, Crime and Law, 8,145-153.
 Gísli H. Guðjónsson og Jón Friðrik Sigurðsson (2003). The relationship of compliance with coping strategies and self-esteem. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 19, 117-123.
 Gísli H. Guðjónsson, Jón Friðrik Sigurðsson, Ólafur Ö. Bragason, Emil Einarsson og Eva B. Valdimarsdóttir (2004). Confessions and denials and the relationship with personality. Legal and Criminological Psychology, 9, 121-133.
 Jón Friðrik Sigurðsson og Gísli H. Guðjónsson (2004). Forensic Psychology in Iceland. A survey of members of the Icelandic Psychological Society. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 45, 325-329.
 Gísli H. Guðjónsson og Jón Friðrik Sigurðsson (2004). Motivation for offending and personality. Legal and Criminological Psychology, 9, 69-81.
 Gísli H. Guðjónsson, Kristín Hannesdóttir, Tómas Ágústsson, Jón Friðrik Sigurðsson, Ása Guðmundsdóttir, Þuríður Þórðardóttir, Þórarinn Tyrfingsson og Hannes Pétursson (2004). The relationship of alcohol withdrawal symptoms to suggestibility and compliance. Psychology, Crime and Law, 10, 169-177.
 Gísli H. Guðjónsson, Kristín Hannesdóttir, Tómas Ágústsson, Jón Friðrik Sigurðsson, Ása Guðmundsdóttir, Þuríður Þórðardóttir, Þórarinn Tyrfingsson og Hannes Pétursson (2004). Personality predictors of the failure of alcoholics to come for follow-up assessment. Personality and Individual Differences, 37, 805-813.
 Marius Peersen, Jón Friðrik Sigurðsson, Gísli H. Guðjónsson og Sigurður J. Grétarsson (2004). Predicting re-offending: A five-year prospective study of Icelandic prison inmates. Psychology, Crime and Law, 10, 197-204.
 Gísli H. Guðjónsson, Jón Friðrik Sigurðsson og Emil Einarsson (2004). Role of personality in relation to confessions and denials. Psychology, Crime and Law, 10, 125-135.
 Gísli H. Guðjónsson og Jón Friðrik Sigurðsson (2004). The relationship of suggestibility and compliance with self-deception and other-deception. Psychology, Crime and Law, 10, 447-453.
 Gísli H. Guðjónsson, Jón Friðrik Sigurðsson, Ólafur Ö. Bragason, Emil Einarsson og Eva B. Valdimarsdóttir (2004). Compliance and personality. The vulnerability of the unstable-introvert. European Journal of Personality, 18, 435-443.
 Gísli H. Guðjónsson, Emil Einarsson, Ólafur Ö. Bragason og Jón Friðrik Sigurðsson (2006). Personality predictors of self-reported offending in Icelandic students. Psychology, Crime and Law
 Gísli H. Guðjónsson, Jón Friðrik Sigurðsson, Hildur Finnbogadóttir og Unnur Jakobsdóttir Smári. Perceived parental rearing practices and false confessions. Scandinavian Journal of psychology.
 Jón Friðrik Sigurðsson, Gísli H. Guðjónsson, Emil Einarsson og Gudmundur Gudjonsson (2006). Differences in personality and mental state between suspects and witnesses immediately after being interviewed by the police. Psychology, Crime and Law.
 Gísli H. Guðjónsson, Jón Friðrik Sigurðsson, Bryndís Björk Ásgeirsdóttir og Inga Dóra Sigfusdottir (2006). Custodial interrogation, false confession and individual differences. A national study among Icelandic youth. Personality and Individual Differences.

 Referanser 

 Eksterne lenker 
 - Faktaside Gisli H. Gudjonsson
 En ærlig sak  Artikkel om Guðjónssons rolle i Birgitte-saken, Magasinet Plot

Kategori:Islandske psykologer
Kategori:Psykologiprofessorer
Kategori:Islendinger
Kategori:Rettspsykologer