E (𑐮𑑂𑐫𑐵𑑅𑐖𑑂𑐫𑐵)

e 𑐕𑐐𑐹 𑐐𑐞𑐶𑐟𑐷𑐫 𑐳𑑂𑐠𑐶𑐬𑐵𑑄𑐎 (Mathematical constant) 𑐏𑑅। 𑐠𑐸𑐎𑐶𑐫𑐵𑐟 𑐫𑐸𑐮𑐬𑐫𑐵𑐐𑐸 𑐮𑑂𑐫𑐵𑑅 (Euler's number) 𑐰𑐵 𑐣𑐾𑐥𑐶𑐫𑐬𑐫𑐵𑐐𑐸 𑐳𑑂𑐠𑐶𑐬𑐵𑑄𑐎 (Napier's constant) 𑐢𑐎𑐵𑑅 𑐣𑑄 𑐩𑑂𑐴𑐳𑐷𑐎𑐾𑐐𑐸 𑐫𑐵। 𑐠𑑂𑐰 𑐥𑑂𑐬𑐵𑐎𑐺𑐟𑐶𑐎 𑐮𑐐𑐵𑐬𑐶𑐡𑐩 (Natural logarithm) 𑐫𑐵𑐐𑐸 𑐁𑐢𑐵𑐬 (Base) 𑐏𑑅।Maor, Eli (1994). e: The Story of a Number. Princeton University Press.

𑐠𑑂𑐰 𑐕𑐐𑐹 𑐀𑐥𑐬𑐶𑐩𑐾𑐫 𑐮𑑂𑐫𑐵𑑅 (Irrational number) 𑐖𑐹𑐐𑐸𑐮𑐶𑑄 𑐠𑐸𑐎𑐶𑐫𑐵𑐟 𑐣𑐶𑐐𑐸 𑐥𑐹𑐬𑑂𑐞 𑐮𑑂𑐫𑐵𑑅𑐫𑐵𑐐𑐸 𑐀𑐣𑐸𑐥𑐵𑐟𑐫𑐵 (Ratio) 𑐬𑐸𑐥𑐫𑑂 𑐔𑑂𑐰𑐫𑐾 𑐦𑐂 𑐩𑐏𑐸। 𑐠𑐸𑐎𑐶𑐫𑐵 𑐡𑐱𑐩𑐮𑐰 𑐩𑐵𑐣 𑐀𑐮𑑂𑐫𑐵𑐏 𑐟𑐎 𑐣𑑂𑐴𑑂𑐫𑐵𑑅 𑐰𑐣𑐷 𑐟𑐬 𑐐𑐧𑐮𑐾𑑄 𑐡𑑀𑐴𑑀𑐬𑐾 𑐖𑐸𑐂 𑐩𑐏𑐸। 𑐠𑐸𑐎𑐶𑐫𑐵 𑐩𑐵𑐣 𑐎𑐬𑐶𑐧 𑑒.𑑗𑑑𑑘𑑒𑑘 (2.71828) 𑐡𑐸।Weisstein, Eric W. "e". MathWorld.

 𑐂𑐟𑐶𑐴𑐵𑐳 
𑐳𑑂𑐎𑐚𑐮𑑂𑐫𑐵𑐞𑑂𑐜𑐫𑐵 𑐐𑐞𑐶𑐟𑐖𑑂𑐘 𑐖𑑀𑐣 𑐣𑐾𑐥𑐶𑐫𑐬 (John Napier) 𑐣𑑄 𑐳𑐣𑑂 𑑑𑑖𑑑𑑘 𑐫𑑂 𑐠𑑅𑐐𑐸 𑐮𑐐𑐵𑐬𑐶𑐡𑐩 (Logarithm) 𑐳𑐩𑑂𑐧𑐣𑑂𑐢𑐷 𑐳𑐦𑐹 𑐥𑐶𑐠𑑄𑐐𑐸 𑐂𑐮𑐫𑑂 𑐠𑑂𑐰 𑐳𑑂𑐠𑐶𑐬𑐵𑑄𑐎𑐫𑐵 𑐧𑐵𑐬𑐾𑐫𑑂 𑐣𑑂𑐴𑐵𑐥𑐵𑑄𑐏𑐸𑐳𑐷 𑐀𑐥𑑂𑐬𑐟𑑂𑐫𑐎𑑂𑐲 𑐬𑐸𑐥𑑄 𑐔𑐬𑑂𑐔𑐵 𑐫𑐵𑐣𑐵𑐡𑐷𑐐𑐸 𑐏𑑅।O'Connor, J.J.; Robertson, E.F. "The number e". University of St Andrews.

𑐟𑐬, 𑐠𑑂𑐰 𑐮𑑂𑐫𑐵𑑅𑐫𑐵𑐟 𑐰𑐵𑐳𑑂𑐟𑐰𑐶𑐎 𑐬𑐸𑐥𑑄 𑐩𑑂𑐴𑐳𑐷𑐎𑐾𑐐𑐸 𑐰 𑐠𑐸𑐎𑐶𑐫𑐵 𑐩𑐴𑐟𑑂𑐟𑑂𑐰 𑐠𑐸𑐂𑐎𑐾𑐐𑐸 𑐖𑑂𑐫𑐵 𑐢𑐵𑑅𑐳𑐵 𑐖𑐾𑐎𑐧 𑐧𑐬𑑂𑐣𑑀𑐮𑐷 (Jacob Bernoulli) 𑐣𑑄 𑐳𑐣𑑂 𑑑𑑖𑑘𑑓 𑐫𑑂 𑐫𑐵𑐣𑐵𑐡𑐷𑐐𑐸 𑐏𑑅। 𑐰𑐫𑑂𑐎𑐮𑑄 𑐔𑐎𑑂𑐬𑐰𑐺𑐡𑑂𑐢𑐶 𑐧𑑂𑐫𑐵𑐖 (Compound interest) 𑐫𑐵𑐐𑐸 𑐳𑐩𑐳𑑂𑐫𑐵 𑐴𑐮 𑐫𑐵𑐫𑐾𑐐𑐸 𑐗𑑂𑐰𑐮𑐫𑑂 𑐠𑑂𑐰 𑐳𑑂𑐠𑐶𑐬𑐵𑑄𑐎 𑐮𑐸𑐂𑐎𑐵𑐡𑐶𑐮।

𑐳𑐣𑑂 𑑑𑑗𑑓𑑑 𑐫𑑂 𑐳𑑂𑐰𑐶𑐳 𑐐𑐞𑐶𑐟𑐖𑑂𑐘 𑐮𑐶𑐫𑑀𑐣𑐵𑐬𑑂𑐜 𑐫𑐸𑐮𑐬 (Leonhard Euler) 𑐣𑑄 𑐠𑑂𑐰 𑐳𑑂𑐠𑐶𑐬𑐵𑑄𑐎𑐫𑐵𑐟 "e" 𑐢𑐎𑐵𑑅 𑐣𑐵𑑄 𑐧𑐶𑐫𑐵𑐡𑐶𑐮। 𑐰𑐫𑑂𑐎𑑅𑐫𑐵𑐐𑐸 𑐴𑐾 𑐳𑐩𑑂𑐩𑐵𑐣𑐫𑑂 𑐠𑐸𑐎𑐶𑐫𑐵𑐟 "𑐫𑐸𑐮𑐬𑐫𑐵𑐐𑐸 𑐮𑑂𑐫𑐵𑑅" 𑐢𑐵𑐂।

 𑐥𑐬𑐶𑐨𑐵𑐲𑐵 
𑐐𑐞𑐶𑐟𑐫𑑂 e 𑐫𑐵𑐟 𑐠𑐷𑐠𑐷 𑐎𑐠𑑄 𑐥𑐬𑐶𑐨𑐵𑐲𑐶𑐟 𑐫𑐵𑐫𑐾 𑐕𑐶𑑄। 𑐡𑐎𑐮𑐫𑑂 𑐀𑐥𑑂𑐰 𑐕𑑂𑐫𑐮𑐷𑐐𑐸 𑐥𑐬𑐶𑐨𑐵𑐲𑐵𑐟 𑐠𑑂𑐰 𑐎𑐠𑑄 𑐡𑐸:

𑑑. 𑐳𑐷𑐩𑐵 (Limit) 𑐫𑐵𑐐𑐸 𑐬𑐸𑐥𑐫𑑂:
𑐐𑐧𑐮𑐾  𑐀𑐮𑑂𑐫𑐵𑐏 (Infinity) 𑐥𑐵𑐏𑐾 𑐰𑐣𑐷, 𑐀𑐧𑐮𑐫𑑂  𑐫𑐵𑐐𑐸 𑐩𑐵𑐣 e 𑐖𑐸𑐂।

𑑒. 𑐀𑐮𑑂𑐫𑐵𑐏 𑐗𑑂𑐰𑑅 (Infinite Series) 𑐫𑐵𑐐𑐸 𑐬𑐸𑐥𑐫𑑂:
e 𑐫𑐵𑐟 𑐦𑑂𑐫𑐵𑐎𑑂𑐚𑑀𑐬𑐶𑐫𑐮 (Factorial) 𑐫𑐵𑐐𑐸 𑐫𑑀𑐐𑐦𑐮𑐫𑐵 𑐬𑐸𑐥𑐫𑑂 𑐣𑑄 𑐎𑑂𑐫𑐣𑐾 𑐕𑐶𑑄:

 𑐐𑐸𑐞 
e 𑐫𑐵𑐐𑐸 𑐐𑐞𑐶𑐟𑐫𑑂 𑐟𑑅𑐢𑑄𑐐𑐸 𑐩𑐴𑐟𑑂𑐟𑑂𑐰 𑐡𑐸। 𑐠𑐸𑐎𑐶𑐫𑐵 𑐕𑐸𑑄 𑐩𑐹 𑐐𑐸𑐞𑐟 𑐠𑐸𑐎𑐠𑑄 𑐡𑐸:
 𑐎𑑂𑐫𑐵𑐮𑐎𑐸𑐮𑐳 (Calculus): 𑐦𑐒𑑂𑐎𑑂𑐳𑐣  𑐐𑐞𑐶𑐟𑐫𑐵 𑐕𑐐𑐹 𑐖𑐎 𑐀𑐖𑑂𑐫𑐵𑑅𑐐𑐸 𑐦𑐒𑑂𑐎𑑂𑐳𑐣 𑐏𑑅 𑐐𑐸𑐎𑐶𑐫𑐵 𑐜𑐾𑐬𑐶𑐨𑐾𑐚𑐶𑐨 (Derivative) 𑐰 𑐂𑐣𑑂𑐚𑐶𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐮 (Integral) 𑐄𑐐𑐸 𑐴𑐾 𑐦𑐒𑑂𑐎𑑂𑐳𑐣 𑐖𑐸𑐂।
 𑐫𑐸𑐮𑐬𑐫𑐵𑐐𑐸 𑐳𑐹𑐟𑑂𑐬 (Euler's Identity): 𑐐𑐞𑐶𑐟𑐫𑐵 𑐡𑐎𑐮𑐫𑑂 𑐧𑐵𑑄𑐮𑐵𑑅𑐐𑐸 𑐳𑐹𑐟𑑂𑐬 𑐢𑐎𑐵𑑅 𑐩𑑂𑐴𑐳𑐷𑐎𑐹𑐐𑐸 𑐫𑐸𑐮𑐬𑐫𑐵𑐐𑐸 𑐳𑐹𑐟𑑂𑐬𑐫𑑂 e 𑐫𑐵𑐟 𑐠𑐠𑐾 𑐕𑑂𑐫𑐮𑐵𑐟𑑅𑐐𑐸 𑐡𑐸:

𑐠𑑂𑐰 𑐳𑐹𑐟𑑂𑐬𑐫𑑂 𑐐𑐞𑐶𑐟𑐫𑐵 𑐣𑑂𑐫𑐵𑐐𑐸 𑐩𑐹 𑐳𑑂𑐠𑐶𑐬𑐵𑑄𑐎𑐟 (, , , 1, 𑐰 0) 𑐡𑐸𑐠𑑂𑐫𑐵𑑅।Sandifer, C. Edward (2007). How Euler Did It. Mathematical Association of America.

 𑐕𑑂𑐫𑐾𑐮𑐵
e 𑐫𑐵𑐐𑐸 𑐕𑑂𑐫𑐮𑐵 𑐐𑐞𑐶𑐟𑐫𑑂 𑐖𑐎 𑐩𑐏𑐸𑐳𑐾𑑄 𑐰𑐶𑐖𑑂𑐘𑐵𑐣, 𑐀𑐬𑑂𑐠𑐱𑐵𑐳𑑂𑐟𑑂𑐬, 𑐰 𑐂𑐣𑑂𑐖𑐶𑐣𑐶𑐫𑐬𑐶𑐒𑐫𑑂 𑐣𑑄 𑐖𑐸𑐂।
 𑐧𑑂𑐫𑐵𑐖 𑐐𑐞𑐣𑐵: 𑐣𑐶𑐬𑐣𑑂𑐟𑐬 𑐔𑐎𑑂𑐬𑐰𑐺𑐡𑑂𑐢𑐶 𑐧𑑂𑐫𑐵𑐖 (Continuously compounded interest) 𑐮𑐶𑐎𑐵𑐫𑐾𑐐𑐸 𑐣𑐶𑑄𑐟𑐶𑑄 𑐠𑑂𑐰 𑐀𑐟𑐶 𑐁𑐰𑐱𑑂𑐫𑐎 𑐖𑐸𑐂।
 𑐖𑐣𑐳𑑄𑐏𑑂𑐫𑐵 𑐰𑐺𑐡𑑂𑐢𑐶: 𑐕𑐸𑑄 𑐣𑑄 𑐔𑐷𑐖𑐫𑐵𑐐𑐸 𑐰𑐺𑐡𑑂𑐢𑐶 𑐰𑐵 𑐴𑑂𑐬𑐵𑐳 (Growth or Decay) 𑐫𑐵𑐐𑐸 𑐀𑐢𑑂𑐫𑐫𑐣 𑐫𑐵𑐫𑐾𑐟 𑐠𑐸𑐎𑐶𑐫𑐵 𑐥𑑂𑐬𑐫𑑀𑐐 𑐖𑐸𑐂। 𑐡𑐳𑐸: 𑐧𑑂𑐫𑐵𑐎𑑂𑐚𑐾𑐬𑐶𑐫𑐵𑐫𑐵𑐐𑐸 𑐰𑐺𑐡𑑂𑐢𑐶 𑐰𑐵 𑐬𑐾𑐜𑐶𑐫𑑀𑐢𑐬𑑂𑐩𑐷 𑐥𑐡𑐵𑐬𑑂𑐠𑐫𑐵𑐐𑐸 𑐎𑑂𑐲𑐫।
 𑐳𑐩𑑂𑐨𑐵𑐰𑑂𑐫𑐟𑐵 (Probability): 𑐟𑐠𑑂𑐫𑐵𑑄𑐎𑐱𑐵𑐳𑑂𑐟𑑂𑐬𑐫𑑂 (Statistics) 𑐳𑐵𑐩𑐵𑐣𑑂𑐫 𑐰𑐶𑐟𑐬𑐞 (Normal distribution) 𑐫𑐵𑐐𑐸 𑐀𑐢𑑂𑐫𑐫𑐣 𑐫𑐵𑐫𑐾𑐟 e 𑐩𑐵𑑅।

 𑐮𑐶𑐢𑑄𑐳𑐵 

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