Huruf patah

Huruf patah ( "tulisan patah", ) atau huruf Gothik (, ) adalah jenis rupa huruf abjad Rumi yang digunakan dalam persuratan Eropah Barat dari kira-kira 1152 hingga abad ke-17.

Kelompok huruf ini dinamakan sedemikian kerana reka bentuk aksara-aksaranya yang tampak "patah-patah" pada lengkungan setiap blok huruf baik pada sebahagian atau keseluruhannya, hasil gerakan menukik tiba-tiba pada saat menulis bahagian tertentu huruf. Rupa huruf ini dilihat para pengkaji Zaman Pembaharuan di Itali sebagai "gasar" lalu dikaitkan dengan orang Goth (Goti) meskipun tiada kaitan malah jauh berlainan rupanya dari abjad digunakan untuk bahasa tuturan masyarakat Goth itu sendiri.

Rupa huruf ini digunakan terutamanya dalam persuratan rumpun bahasa Jermanik seperti bahasa Denmark, bahasa Norway dan bahasa Sweden selewat tahun 1870-an, serta bahasa Jerman sehingga tahun 1940-an semasa pemerintahan rejim Nazi berikutan ketidaksenangan Adolf Hitler terhadap estetika rupa huruf ini yang dianggap "keyahudian" lalu menghentikan penggunaannya secara rasmi pada tahun 1941.Facsimile of Bormann's Memorandum (in German)The memorandum itself is typed in Antiqua, but the NSDAP letterhead is printed in Fraktur."For general attention, on behalf of the , I make the following announcement:It is wrong to regard or to describe the so-called Gothic script as a German script. In reality, the so-called Gothic script consists of  Jew letters. Just as they later took control of the newspapers, upon the introduction of printing the Jews residing in Germany took control of the printing presses and thus in Germany the  Jew letters were forcefully introduced.Today the , talking with  Amann and  Book Publisher Adolf Müller, has decided that in the future the Antiqua script is to be described as normal script. All printed materials are to be gradually converted to this normal script. As soon as is feasible in terms of textbooks, only the normal script will be taught in village and state schools.The use of the  Jew letters by officials will in future cease; appointment certifications for functionaries, street signs, and so forth will in future be produced only in normal script.On behalf of the ,  Amann will in future convert those newspapers and periodicals that already have foreign distribution, or whose foreign distribution is desired, to normal script".

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Kategori:Blackletter