Christopher Lee (United Kingdom)

Sir Christopher Frank Carandini Lee  (27 Mei 1922 – 7 Jun 2015) merupakan seorang pelakon, penyanyi dan penulis dari England, United Kingdom. Beliau terlibat dalam bidang lakonan ini selama hampir 70 tahun: beliau sering digandingkan bersama Peter Cushing dan banyak filem seram serta tampil dalam beberapa filem utama karya Tim Burton. Sejak kemunculannya sebagai watak Dracula dalam beberapa filem produksi Hammer Horror, beliau semakin diberikan watak penjahatLandis, John (2011). Monsters in the Movies: 100 Years of Cinematic Nightmares. Dorling Kindersley. p. 45. . termasuk Saruman dalam siri-siri filem Lord of the Rings dan Hobbit (2012–2014) serta Count Dooku dalam trilogi prekuel Star Wars(2002–2005).

Beliau diberikan kehormatan diraja oleh kerajaan United Kingdom atas jasa dan sumbangannya kepada bidang hiburan dan alam kebajikan pada tahun 2009. Beliau menerima kefeloan BAFTA pada tahun 2011 serta Kefeloan BFI pada tahun 2013.* "Hammer Horror star Lee knighted". BBC. Retrieved 7 May 2012
 "Christopher Lee to receive Bafta Fellowship". BBC. Retrieved 7 May 2012
 "Depp surprises Sir Christopher Lee with film award". BBC. Retrieved 14 December 2013 

Beliau turut terlibat dalam Tentera Udara Diraja British sebagai seoranf pegawai perisikan dalam Skuadron RAF No. 260 serta juga Special Operations Executive, duluan kepada Special Air Service yang wujud kini; beliau bersara dengan pangkat flight lieutenant tahun 1946.

 Awal hidup 
Lee was born in Belgravia, London pada 27 Mei 1922, beliau anak kedua kelahiran keluarga selepas Xandra Carandini Lee (1917–2002). Ayahnya Leftenan Kolonel Geoffrey Trollope Lee (1879–1941) seorang anggota dalam King's Royal Rifle Corps ke-60 yang berkhidmat dalam Perang Boer Pertama dan Perang Dunia Pertama sementara ibunya Countess Estelle Marie (née Carandini di Sarzano; 1889–1981).* 
  seorang model lukisan dan ukiran yang pernah dijadikan rujukan para pengkarya seni zaman Edward dari Sir John Lavery, Oswald Birley, Olive Snell dan Clare Sheridan; - susur galur Estelle keturunan Charlemagne. Ibu bapa Lee bercerai ketik beliau berusia enam tahun, dia dan kakaknya dibawa ke Wengen, Switzerland untuk dibesarkan di sana.

Keluarga Lee kemudiannya kembali ke London untuk menghadiri sebuah sekolah swasta di Queen's Gate. Ibunya mejalinkan hubungan dengan seorang pekerja bank bernama Harcourt George St-Croix Rose sehingga berkahwin dengannya. Harcourt juga merupakan bapa saudara Ian Fleming, pengkarya siri novel James Bond seterusnya menjadi sepupu tiri Lee.

 Kerjaya ketenteraan (1939-1947) 
Lee segera memasuki tentera relawan bersama Tentera Darat Finland memerangi pihak Soviet apabila Perang Musim Sejuk tahun 1939, sewaktu dengan Perang Dunia Kedua. Beliau dan beberapa rakan senegara lain diberikan tugas mengawal persekitaran luar jauh daripada medan perang, mereka pulang ke tanah air mereka dua minggu kemudian. Lee returned to work at United States Lines and found his work more satisfying, feeling that he was contributing. In early 1940, he joined Beecham's, at first as an office clerk, then as a switchboard operator. When Beecham's moved out of London, he joined the Home Guard. Ayahnya menghidap pneumonia bilateral pada muzim sejuk 1940, dia meninggal dunia pada tahun kemudian tanggal 12 Mac 1941. Beliau menyertai Tentera Udara Diraja British sebagai seorang anggota relawan.

 Kerjaya lakonan (sejak 1947) 
Beliau memlilih menceburi bidang lakonan atas cadangan sepupunya Nicolò Carandini yang juga duta Itali untuk Britain ketika mereka sedang berbual sambil menjamu makan maalm pada suatu hari. Ibunya pada asalnya membantah, namun berubah fikiran setelah Lee mengingatkannya kepada kerjaya keluarga mereka sebagai penghibur (termasuk nenek moyangnya Marie Carandini, seorang penyanyi opera di Australia). Beliau diperkenalkan kepada seorang kawan Nicolò iaitu Filippo Del Giudice, seorang penerbit filem untuk Two Cities Films. Giudice pula membawanya berjumpa Josef Somlo yang ada hubungan dengan David Henley dan Olive Dodds, pengurus syarikat induk Two Cities iaitu Rank Organisation, mereka akhirnya dapat menandatangi suatu kontrak tujuh tahun bersama Lee. Beliau muncul pertama kali dalam filem Corridor of Mirrors (1947) arahan Terence Young."Christopher Lee- Biography" . Yahoo.com. Retrieved 7 May 2012

Beliau pertama kali muncul di Hollywood dengan filem Airport '77 (1977). Beliau menjadi tetamu jemputan dalam rancangan sketsa langsug Saturday Night Live pada tahun berikutnya. Steven Spielberg merupakan salah satu penonton persembahan ini, sehingga memberinya peranan dalam filem 1941 (1979). Meanwhile, Lee co-starred with Bette Davis in the Disney film Return from Witch Mountain (1978).

 Kematian 
Lee meninggal dunia di Chelsea and Westminster Hospital pada 7 Jun 2015 jam 8:30 pagi setelah menhgalami masalah pernafasandan sakit jantung tidak lama selepas maeraikan hari lahirnya ke-93. Kematiannya tidak begitu diumumkan sehingga 11 Jun oleh isterinya agar dapat memaklumkan kepada lkeluarga mereka terlebih dahulu..'Sir Christopher Lee: Screen legend dies aged 93'. 

BBC News. Published 12 June 2015. Retrieved 23 March 2016.* 


 Filemografi 

 Filem 
TahunTajukWatakCatatan1948Corridor of MirrorsCharlesOne Night with YouPirelli's AssistantHamletSpear CarrierTidak tercatatPenny and the Pownall CaseJonathan BlairA Song for TomorrowAugusteMy Brother's KeeperSecond ConstableScenes deletedSaraband for Dead LoversBit PartTidak tercatatScott of the AntarcticBernard Day1949Trottie TrueBongo1950They Were Not DividedChris LewisPrelude to FameNewsman1951Valley of EaglesDet. HoltCaptain Horatio Hornblower R.N.Spanish CaptainQuo VadisChariot DriverTidak tercatat1952The Crimson PirateJoseph (attache)Top SecretRussian AgentTidak tercatatPaul Temple ReturnsSir Felix RaybourneBabes in BagdadSlave DealerMoulin RougeGeorges Seurat1953Les Vacances de Monsieur HulotSebagai penyumbang suaraTidak tercatatInnocents in ParisLieutenant Whitlock1954Destination MilanSvenson1955Man in DemandCross-RoadsHarry CooperFinal ColumnThat LadyCaptainPolice DogJohnny, a constableThe Dark AvengerFrench Patrol Captain at TavernTidak tercatatThe Cockleshell HeroesLt. Cdr. Dick Raikes, RN (Submarine Commander)Storm Over the NileKaraga Pasha1956Alias John PrestonJohn PrestonPrivate's ProgressGen. von Linbeck's aideTidak tercatatPort AfriqueFranz VermesBeyond MombasaGil RossiThe Battle of the River PlateManolo1957Ill Met by MoonlightGerman officer at dentist'sFortune Is a WomanCharles HighburyThe TraitorDr. NeumannThe Curse of FrankensteinThe CreatureManuelaSebagai penyumbang suaraTidak tercatatBitter VictorySgt. BarneyThe Truth About WomenFrançois1958A Tale of Two CitiesMarquis St. EvremondeDraculaCount DraculaTajuk lain: Horror of DraculaBattle of the V-1Labor Camp Captain, Men's SectionCorridors of BloodResurrection Joe1959The Hound of the BaskervillesSir Henry BaskervilleThe Man Who Could Cheat DeathPierre GerardThe Treasure of San TeresaJaegerThe MummyKharis, the MummyUncle Was a VampireBaron Roderico da Frankurten1960Too Hot to HandleNovakBeat GirlKennyThe City of the DeadProf. Alan DriscollTajuk lain: Horror HotelThe Two Faces of Dr. JekyllPaul AllenTajuk lain: House of Fright and Jekyll's InfernoThe Hands of OrlacNero1961The Terror of the TongsChung KingTaste of FearDoctor Pierre GerrardThe Devil's DaffodilLing ChuErcole al centro della terraKing Lico (Licos)Tajuk lain: Hercules in the Haunted World1962StrangleholdThe Puzzle of the Red OrchidCaptain AllermanThe Pirates of Blood RiverCaptain LaRocheThe Devil's AgentBaron von StaubSherlock Holmes and the Deadly NecklaceSherlock Holmes1963KatarsisMephistolesThe Virgin of NurembergErichTajuk lain: Castle of Terror and La vergine di NorimbergaLa frusta e il corpoKurt MenliffTajuk lain: The Whip and the Body and Night Is the Phantom1964Il castello dei morti viviCount DragoTajuk lain: Castle of the Living DeadTerror in the CryptCount Ludwig KarnsteinTajuk lain: Crypt of the Vampire and Crypt of HorrorThe Devil-Ship PiratesCaptain RobelesThe GorgonProf. Karl Meister1965Dr Terror's House of HorrorsFranklyn MarshSheBillaliThe SkullSir Matthew PhillipsTen Little Indians"Mr. Owen"Sebagai penyumbang suara
Tidak tercatatThe Face of Fu ManchuDr. Fu Manchu1966Theatre of DeathPhilippe DarvasDracula: Prince of DarknessCount DraculaRasputin, the Mad MonkGrigori RasputinCircus of FearGregorTajuk lain: Psycho CircusThe Brides of Fu ManchuDr. Fu Manchu1967The Vengeance of Fu ManchuNight of the Big HeatGodfrey HansonFive Golden DragonsDragon #4The Blood DemonCount Frederic Regula, Graf von AndomaiTajuk lain:  Die Schlangengrube Und Das Pendel, The Snakepit and the Pendulum, The Torture Chamber of Dr. Sadism, Castle of the Walking Dead1968Curse of the Crimson AltarMorleyTajuk lain: The Crimson CultThe Devil Rides OutDuc de RichleauTajuk lain: The Devil's BrideEveColonel StuartTajuk lain: The Face of EveThe Blood of Fu ManchuDr. Fu ManchuDracula Has Risen from the GraveCount Dracula1969The Castle of Fu ManchuDr. Fu ManchuThe Oblong BoxDr J. NeuhartThe Magic ChristianShip's vampire1970Scream and Scream AgainFremontUmbracleThe ManThe Bloody JudgeLord George JeffreysTajuk lain: Night of the Blood MonsterCount DraculaCount DraculaTaste the Blood of DraculaCount DraculaOne More TimeCount DraculaCameoJulius CaesarArtemidorusEugenieDolmanceTajuk lain: Eugenie - The Story of Her Journey into PerversionThe Private Life of Sherlock HolmesMycroft HolmesScars of DraculaCount Dracula1971The House That Dripped BloodJohn ReidSegment: "Sweets to the Sweet"Cuadecuc, vampirCount Dracula/HimselfI, MonsterDr. Charles Marlowe / Mr. Edward BlakeHannie CaulderBailey1972Death LineStratton-Villiers, MI5Tajuk lain: Raw MeatNothing But the NightCol. Charles BinghamDracula A.D. 1972Count Dracula1973Dark PlacesDr. MandevilleThe Creeping FleshJames HildernThe Satanic Rites of DraculaCount DraculaHorror ExpressSir Alexander SaxtonThe Three MusketeersRochefortThe Wicker ManLord Summerisle1974The Four MusketeersRochefortThe Man with the Golden GunFrancisco Scaramanga1975Diagnosis MurderStephen HaywardLe boucher, la star et l'orphelineVan Krig / HimselfThe Story of HeidiAdditional Voices1979 dub1976The KeeperThe KeeperKiller ForceMajor ChiltonTajuk lain: The Diamond MercenariesTo the Devil, A DaughterFather Michael RaynerDracula père et filsThe Prince of DarknessTajuk lain: Dracula and SonAlbinoBillTajuk lain: Whispering Death and Death in the Sun1977Airport '77Martin WallaceMeatcleaver MassacrePenceritaTajuk lain:  Evil Force and Revenge of the DeadEnd of the WorldFather Pergado / ZindarStarship InvasionsCaptain Rameses1978Return from Witch MountainVictor GannonCaravansSardar KhanCircle of IronZetanTajuk lain: The Silent Flute1979The PassageGypsyArabian AdventureAlquazarNutcracker FantasyUncle Drosselmeyer / Street Singer / WatchmakerVoicesJaguar Lives!Adam CaineBear IslandLechinski1941Capt. Wolfgang von KleinschmidtCaptain America II: Death Too SoonMiguel1980SerialLuckman Skull1981The SalamanderPrince BaldasarDesperate MovesCarl BoxerAn Eye for an EyeMorgan CanfieldTime BanditsOswald1982Safari 3000Count BorgiaThe Last UnicornKing HaggardSebagai penyumbang suara1983New MagicMr. KellarThe Return of Captain InvincibleMr. MidnightHouse of the Long ShadowsCorrigan1984The Rosebud Beach HotelClifford King1985Mask of MurderChief Supt. Jonathan RichHowling II: Your Sister Is a WerewolfStefan Crosscoe1986The GirlPeter Storm1987JocksPresident WhiteMio min MioKato1988Dark MissionLuis Morel1989Murder StoryWillard HopeLa chute des aiglesWalter StraussThe Return of the MusketeersRochefort1990The Rainbow ThiefUncle RudolfL'avaroCardinale SpinosiHoneymoon AcademyLazosPanga -Gremlins 2: The New BatchDoctor Catheter1991Curse III: Blood SacrificeDoctor PearsonTajuk lain: Panga1992JackpotCedricKabutoKing Philip1994Police Academy: Mission to MoscowCmndt. Alexandrei Nikolaivich RakovFunny ManCallum ChanceFlesh and BloodPencerita/HimselfDocumentary1995A Feast at MidnightV. E. Longfellow1996Welcome to the DiscworldDeathSebagai penyumbang suara
Filem pendekThe StupidsEvil Sender1998Tale of the MummySir Richard TurkelJinnahMuhammad Ali Jinnah1999Sleepy HollowBurgomaster2001The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the RingSaruman2002Star Wars: Episode II – Attack of the ClonesCount Dooku / Darth TyranusThe Lord of the Rings: The Two TowersSaruman2003The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the KingExtended Edition only2004Crimson Rivers II: Angels of the ApocalypseHeinrich von Garten2005The Adventures of Greyfriars BobbyThe Lord ProvostStar Wars: Episode III – Revenge of the SithCount Dooku / Darth TyranusCharlie and the Chocolate FactoryDr. Wilbur WonkaCorpse BridePastor GalswellsSebagai penyumbang suara2007The Golden CompassFirst High Councillor2008Star Wars: The Clone WarsCount Dooku / Darth TyranusSebagai penyumbang suara2009Boogie WoogieAlfred RhinegoldTriageJoaquín MoralesGlorious 39WalterProfessor Layton and the Eternal DivaPipEnglish version2010Alice in WonderlandJabberwockSebagai penyumbang suaraBurke & HareJosephThe HeavyMr. Mason2011Season of the WitchCardinal d’AmbroiseThe ResidentAugustThe Wicker TreeOld GentlemanGrave TalesHimselfCameoHugoMonsieur Labisse2012Dark ShadowsSilas ClarneyThe Hobbit: An Unexpected JourneySaruman2013Extraordinary TalesPenceritaSebagai penyumbang suara
Segment: "The Fall of the House of Usher"Night Train to LisbonFather BartolomeuNecessary EvilPenceritaSebagai penyumbang suara
DocumentaryThe Girl from NagasakiOld Officer Pinkerton2014The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five ArmiesSaruman2016Angels in Notting HillGod / Mr. PresidentVoices
Posthumous release2017The Hunting of the SnarkPenceritaSebagai penyumbang suara
Filem pendek
Posthumous releaseTBAThe Time WarPenceritaSebagai penyumbang suara
Posthumous release

 Televisyen 
TahunFilmWatakCatatan1953–56Douglas Fairbanks, Jr., PresentsPelbagai watak13 episod1955Moby Dick—RehearsedA Stage Manager/FlaskTelefilemThe VisePelbagai watakEpisod "Stronghold", "Price of Vanity", and "The Final Column"Tales of Hans AndersonPelbagai watakEpisod "Wee Willie Winkie" and "The Cripple Boy"1956Chevron of Fallen StarsGovernorEpisod "Captain Kidd"The Scarlet PimpernelLouisTidak tercatat
Episod "The Elusive Chauvelin"Colonel March of Scotland YardJean-PierreEpisod "At Night All Cats Are Grey"Sailor of FortunePelbagai watakEpisod "The Desert Hostages" and "Stranger in Danger"The Adventures of AggieInspector HollisEpisod "Cut Glass"1956–1957Assignment Foreign LegionPelbagai watakEpisod "As We Forgive" and "The Anaya"1957The Errol Flynn TheatrePelbagai watak4 episodThe Gay CavalierColonel JeffriesEpisod "The Lady's Dilemma"1958O.S.S.DessingerEpisod "Operation Firefly"IvanhoeSir OttoEpisod "The German Knight"White HunterMark CaldwellEpisod "This Hungry Hell"1959The Adventures of William TellPrince ErikEpisod "Manhunt"1960Tales of the VikingsNorman KnightEpisod "The Bull"1961Alcoa Presents: One Step BeyondWilhelm ReitlingerEpisod "The Sorcerer"1964The Alfred Hitchcock HourKarl JorlaEpisod "The Sign of Satan"1967The AvengersProfessor StoneEpisod "Never, Never Say Die"1969The AvengersColonel ManneringEpisod "The Interrogators"Light Entertainment KillersTelefilem1973Poor DevilLuciferOrson Welles' Great MysteriesArnaudEpisod "The Leather Funnel"1976Space: 1999Captain ZandorEpisod "Earthbound"1978How the West Was WonThe Grand Duke2 episodThe PirateSamir Al FayTelefilemSaturday Night LiveHimself (host)Episod "Christopher Lee/Meat Loaf"1979Captain America II: Death Too SoonMiguelTelefilem1980Once Upon a SpyMarcus ValoriumCharlie's AngelsDale WoodmanEpisod "Angel in Hiding"1981Evil Stalks This HouseHostTelefilemGoliath AwaitsJohn McKenzie1982Massarati and the BrainVictor LeopoldCharles & Diana: A Royal Love StoryPrince Philip1984The Far PavilionsKaka-ji Rao3 episodFaerie Tale TheatreKing Vladimir VEpisod "The Boy Who Left Home to Find Out About the Shivers"1986Un métier du seigneurFogTelefilemThe DisputationKing James of AragonShaka ZuluLord Bathurst10 episod1989Around the World in 80 DaysStuart3 episodLa Révolution françaiseSansonSegmen: "Les Années Terribles"1990The Care of TimeKarlis ZanderTelefilemTreasure IslandBlind Pew1991Sherlock Holmes and the Leading LadySherlock Holmes1992Incident at Victoria FallsSherlock HolmesBeauty and the BeastMonsieur RenardSebagai penyumbang suara
TelefilemThe Young Indiana Jones ChroniclesCount Ottokar Graf CzerinEpisod "Austria, March 1917"Double VisionMr. BernardTelefilem1993Death TrainGeneral Konstantin BeninTelefilem1995The Tomorrow PeopleRameses5 episodMosesRamesses IITelefilemTales of Mystery and ImaginationHimself (host)2 episod1996Sorellina e il principe del sognoAzaretTelefilem1997IvanhoeLucas de Beaumanoir4 episodSoul MusicDeathSebagai penyumbang suara
7 episodWyrd SistersDeathSebagai penyumbang suara
6 episodThe OdysseyTiresias2 episod1997–1998The New Adventures of Robin HoodOlwyn6 episod2000GormenghastFlay4 episodIn the BeginningRameses ITelefilemGhost Stories for ChristmasM. R. JamesEpisod "The Stalls of Barchester"2001Les RedoutablesDeathSegment: "Confession"2005Pope John Paul IICardinal Stefan Wyszyński2 episod2008The Colour of MagicDeathSebagai penyumbang suara
2 episod

 Permainan video 
YearTitleVoice roleNotes1994GhostsDr. Marcus Grimalkin / Himself1999The Rocky Interactive Horror ShowNarrator2001Conquest: Frontier WarsAnvil / Headquarters2003FreelancerThe Lord of the Rings: The Return of the KingSaruman2004EverQuest IILucan D'LereGoldenEye: Rogue AgentFrancisco Scaramanga2005The Lord of the Rings: The Third AgeSarumanThe Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earthSaruman2006Kingdom Hearts IIDiZ / Ansem the WiseThe Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth IISaruman2007Kingdom Hearts II Final MixDiZ / Ansem the WiseArchived footage2008The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth II: The Rise of the Witch-kingSaruman2009Kingdom Hearts 358/2 DaysDiZ2014Lego The HobbitSaruman / NarratorKingdom Hearts HD 2.5 RemixDiZ/Ansem the WiseArchived footage2015Deus Ex Machina 2The Programmer / Narrator

 Diskografi 

 Album studio 

 Christopher Lee Sings Devils, Rogues & Other Villains (1998)
 Revelation (2006)
 Charlemagne: By the Sword and the Cross (2010)
 Charlemagne: The Omens of Death (2013)

 EP 

 A Heavy Metal Christmas (2012)
 A Heavy Metal Christmas Too (2013)
 Metal Knight (2014)

 Bibliografi 

 Russ Jones (ed.), Christopher Lee's Treasury of Terror, illustrated by Mort Drucker & others, Pyramid Books, 1966
 Christopher Lee's New Chamber of Horrors, London: Souvenir Press, 1974
 Christopher Lee's Archives of Terror, Warner Books, Volume I, 1975; Volume 2, 1976
 Tall, Dark and Gruesome (autobiography), W.H. Allen, 1977 and 1997
 Marcus Hearn and Alan Barnes, The Hammer Story: The Authorised History of Hammer Films, Titan Books, 1997 and 2007 – Foreword by Christopher Lee
 Jonathan Rigby, Christopher Lee: The Authorised Screen History, Reynolds & Hearn, 2001 and 2003
 Chris Smith, The Lord of the Rings: Weapons and Warfare, HarperCollins, 2003 – Foreword by Christopher Lee

 Nicolas Stanzick, Dans les griffes de la Hammer, Paris: Le Bord de l'eau Editions, 2010.
 Laurent Aknin, Sir Christopher Lee, Paris: Nouveau Monde Éditions, 2011.
 Monsters in the Movies: 100 Years of Cinematic Nightmares, by John Landis, DK Publishing, 2011 – Interview with Christopher Lee

 Rujukan 

 Pautan luar 




 Wawancara beliau bersama akhbar The Guardian
 Profil dalam bahagian hiburan BBC

Kategori:Kelahiran 1922
Kategori:Kematian 2015
Kategori:Pelakon lelaki United Kingdom
Kategori:Pelakon suara United Kingdom
Kategori:Penyanyi lelaki United Kingdom